Prototype Development of Image Editing Systems Available for Visually Impaired People and Consideration of Their User Interfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noboru Takagi ◽  
◽  
Shingo Morii ◽  
Tatsuo Motoyoshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Braille Display ◽  
Tactile Graphics

For example, when sighted scholars study mathematics and physics etcetera, they need to access visual information, e.g., graphs and pictures. Furthermore, sighted people can express their own ideas and opinions visually. On the other hand, blind people can access visual information if it is expressed tactilely, but find it difficult to express their ideas and opinions visually. We are therefore developing a computer-aided system enabling blind people to draw their own figures on their own. This system consists of a matrix braille display to edit computer line drawings. The matrix braille display enables the blind to feel a tactile graphic during editing. After explaining two input methods for elementary plane shapes, we discuss two methods for scrolling tactile graphics to make the matrix braille display large enough to show tactile graphics in sufficient detail. We then show experimental results for using input and scrolling, and conclude with discussion on the usability of input and scrolling.

The Relevance of Object Size to the Recognizability of Drawings by Individuals with Congenital Blindness

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-310
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szubielska ◽  
Ewa Niestorowicz ◽  
Bogusław Marek
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Congenital Blindness ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Tactile Graphics

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine whether individuals with congenital blindness make more recognizable drawings of known objects that are furniture sized (table, man, tree) rather than hand sized (egg, coconut, banana; Hypothesis 1). We also investigated whether knowledge that the tactile drawings had been produced by people who are blind increased judges’ perceptions of their recognizability (Hypothesis 2). Methods: The raised-line drawings were made by children and teenagers who are blind and had no prior experience in tactile graphics. After a minimal initial training in line drawing, the subjects were asked to draw six objects from memory. The judges used a 7-point Likert-type scale to assess recognizability. All objects were identified for the judges prior to their assessment. One group of judges was told that the drawings they were assessing were made by persons who are blind, while the second group was informed that the drawings were made without the use of sight. Results: The real-life size of the objects depicted in the drawings affected judges’ perception of their recognizability. Depictions of hand-sized objects were found to be less recognizable than were depictions of furniture-sized objects. Knowledge of the artists’ blindness had no effect on the judgments of recognizability. Discussion: Hypothesis 1 was confirmed, which suggests that individuals with congenital blindness have more difficulty in creating drawings of hand-sized objects than they did creating drawings of furniture-sized objects. Hypothesis 2 was not confirmed, which is inconsistent with the results of previous research in which the awareness of the artists’ disability status influenced the assessment of the artworks. Although the present research focused on recognizability, the issue in earlier research was aesthetic judgment. Implications for practitioners: Although few people would question the importance of illustrations in books for sighted children, the value of tactile graphics and the benefits of engaging children who have visual impairments in making and exploring raised-line drawings are not always understood. Full participation in subjects that rely on visual information such as geometry, art, and geography by learners who are born blind requires access to tactile graphics. Basic training in raised-line drawing may be sufficient for some children, particularly those who are older (aged 10 years or more), with congenital blindness who have never drawn before to create from memory recognizable drawings of known objects, especially larger objects.

scholarly journals Use of Hot Stamping Technology in Packaging for the Blind and Visually Impaired

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2061-2063
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Design Element ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Do So

Nowadays the principles of universal design are used practically in every sphere of design, but there is one particular direction of packaging design where those principles and rules are much needed. Typically, packaging includes different types of visual information, both graphic and text, such as list of ingredients, contained portions and illustrations. But this information is not available to all categories of the population, especially those who are blind and visually impaired. While Braille is only used on packaging of important drugs and drugs used by blind and visually impaired people it can and should be used to label food and other categories of goods. Conducted by a informational portal survey concluded that without help or escort visually impaired and blind people are not always able to navigate stores and understand what they are buying, especially when a lot of food of the same category use same shaped packaging. While it is possible to label packaging in Braille not every manufacturer decides to do so, partly to avoid designing and redesigning problems. Different design works show that it is possible to find a compromise, using blocks of tactile text, but also using various embossed symbols, drawings and ornaments to help blind people. It shows that it is possible to incorporate symbols in packaging design, using auxiliary elements as decoration, or tactile text itself as a design element. Braille font can perform as not only main informational function, but also artistic, as it is used as an element of decoration.

Touching Blind Bodies: A Critical Inquiry into Pedagogical and Cultural Constructions of Visual Disability in the Nineteenth Century

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Tilley ◽  
Jan Eric Olsén
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Cultural Constructions

Changing ideas on the nature of and relationship between the senses in nineteenth-century Europe constructed blindness as a disability in often complex ways. The loss or absence of sight was disabling in this period, given vision’s celebrated status, and visually impaired people faced particular social and educational challenges as well as cultural stereotyping as poor, pitiable and intellectually impaired. However, the experience of blind people also came to challenge received ideas that the visual was the privileged mode of accessing information about the world, and contributed to an increasingly complex understanding of the tactile sense. In this chapter, we consider how changing theories of the senses helped shape competing narratives of identity for visually impaired people in the nineteenth century, opening up new possibilities for the embodied experience of blind people by impressing their sensory ability, rather than lack thereof. We focus on a theme that held particular social and cultural interest in nineteenth-century accounts of blindness: travel and geography.

scholarly journals Visual Assistant for Blind People using Raspberry Pi

2021 ◽  
pp. 671-675
Author(s):  
Tejal Adep ◽  
Rutuja Nikam ◽  
Sayali Wanewe ◽  
Dr. Ketaki B. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Python Language ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Visual Aid ◽  
Impaired Person

Blind people face the problem in daily life. They can't even walk without any aid. Many times they rely on others for help. Several technologies for the assistance of visually impaired people have been developed. Among the various technologies being utilized to assist the blind, Computer Vision-based solutions are emerging as one of the most promising options due to their affordability and accessibility. This paper proposes a system for visually impaired people. The proposed system aims to create a wearable visual aid for visually impaired people in which speech commands are accepted by the user. Its functionality addresses the identification of objects and signboards. This will help the visually impaired person to manage day-to-day activities and navigate through his/her surroundings. Raspberry Pi is used to implement artificial vision using python language on the Open CV platform.

scholarly journals Blind orphanage with blind space approach in Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 878 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
C Christover ◽  
U Siahaan ◽  
R Ismanto ◽  
U Ulinata
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Work Skills ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Right ◽  
Space Approach

Abstract There are still people with disabilities in society who consider them a burden. However, in fact, every child with special needs such as a blind people has the right to have a decent life like any other community. So, we need an orphanage for the blind people with a blind space approach that aims to provide social services to blind children by helping and guiding them towards reasonable personal development and having work skills, so that they can be independent, live properly and have responsibility, both for himself, his family, and society. This research used a qualitative descriptive method by collecting literature studies from national and international journal articles regarding the blind orphanage, collecting data related to the research location and conducting a comparative study of similar buildings in Central Jakarta. This research resulted in a blind orphanage design with a blind space in Jakarta approach that provides disability facilities for visually impaired people, educational facilities, and activity facilities for visually impaired people. It is hoped that the design of the Blind Orphanage can accommodate the activities of the Blind people in Jakarta.

scholarly journals Echolocation, as a method supporting spatial orientation and independent movement of people with visual impairment

2019 ◽  
pp. 353-371
Author(s):  
KAMILA MILER-ZDANOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
The World ◽  
Impaired People

Kamila Miler-Zdanowska, Echolocation, as a method supporting spatial orientation and independent movement of people with visual impairment. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 353-371. Adam MickiewiczUniversity Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.15 People with visual impairment use information from other senses to gain knowledge about the world around them. More and more studies conducted withthe participation of visually impaired people indicate that data obtained through auditory perception is extremely important. In this context, the ability of echolocation used by blind people to move independently is interesting. The aim of the article is to present echolocation as a method supporting spatial orientation of people with visual impairment. The article presents the results of empirical studies of echolocation. It also presents the benefits of using this ability in everyday life and signals research projects related to the methodology of teaching echolocation in Poland. People with visually impaired to get knowledge about the world around them use information from other senses. Many studies conducted with the participation of visually impaired people indicate that data obtained through hearing are extremely important. In this context, the ability of echolocation used by blind people to move independently is interesting. The aim of the article is to present echolocation as a method supporting spatial orientation of people with visual disabilities. The article presents the results of empirical studies on echolocation. It also presents the benefits of using this skill in everyday life and signals research projects on themethodology of teaching echolocation in Poland.

scholarly journals A Survey on Currency Identification System for Blind and Visually Impaired

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 854-861
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Survey Effort

-At present the currency recognition for visually impaired and blind people has becomes a vital topic for the researchers in the different applications. The money exchange is an important part of our daily life activities. But it becomes very difficult for visually impaired and blind people to recognize the currency values in the financial exchanges and they easily betrayed by the other people. Accordingly, there seems an urgent requirement to scheme a framework that is useful in recognizing paper money notes accurately. There is a huge area for currency differential detection and it has evolved over many years. The paper explores currency identification and provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature on techniques for identifying currency notes, encouraging the survey effort to provide an effective system for blind and visually impaired people

scholarly journals Line-Drawn Scenes Provide Sufficient Information for Discrimination of Threat and Mere Negativity

i-Perception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 204166951875580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Boshyan ◽  
Lisa Feldman Barrett ◽  
Nicole Betz ◽  
Reginald B. Adams ◽  
Kestutis Kveraga
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Matching Color ◽  
Negative Stimuli

Previous work using color photographic scenes has shown that human observers are keenly sensitive to different types of threatening and negative stimuli and reliably classify them by the presence, and spatial and temporal directions of threat. To test whether such distinctions can be extracted from impoverished visual information, we used 500 line drawings made by hand-tracing the original set of photographic scenes. Sixty participants rated the scenes on spatial and temporal dimensions of threat. Based on these ratings, trend analysis revealed five scene categories that were comparable to those identified for the matching color photographic scenes. Another 61 participants were randomly assigned to rate the valence or arousal evoked by the line drawings. The line drawings perceived to be the most negative were also perceived to be the most arousing, replicating the finding for color photographic scenes. We demonstrate here that humans are very sensitive to the spatial and temporal directions of threat even when they must extract this information from simple line drawings, and rate the line drawings very similarly to matched color photographs. The set of 500 hand-traced line-drawing scenes has been made freely available to the research community: http://www.kveragalab.org/threat.html .

An Evaluation of Holograms as Training and Job Aids

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan H. Frey ◽  
Edwin S. Eichert
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Assembly Time ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Job Aids ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Assembly Tasks ◽  
And Storage

This study was concerned with an evaluation of holography in training and for job aids. Experimentation comparing holograms, line drawings, and photographs as methods of presenting visual information is reported. It appears that with the tasks used, holograms generally are as good as or better visual aids than either photographs or line drawings. The use of holograms tends to reduce errors rather than speed assembly time in assembly tasks. They also seem to enhance the discovery of errors when the subject is attempting to locate assembly errors in a construction. The results of this experimentation suggest that serious consideration should be given to the use of holography in the development of job aids and in training. Applications in technical documentation and storage relevant to the use of holograms as job aids are also considered.

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