scholarly journals A study on Electrosynthesis of 2,5-dichlorophenol Using Titanium Anode Coated with Metallic Oxide

2018 ◽  
pp. 333-343
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Ma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Titanium Anode

scholarly journals Nano-Elicitation as an Effective and Emerging Strategy for In Vitro Production of Industrially Important Flavonoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Amna Komal Khan ◽  
Sidra Kousar ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Defense System ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Vitro Production

Flavonoids represent a popular class of industrially important bioactive compounds. They possess valuable health-benefiting and disease preventing properties, and therefore they are an important component of the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetical and medicinal industries. Moreover, flavonoids possess significant antiallergic, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, and antibacterial as well as cardio-protective activities. Due to these properties, there is a rise in global demand for flavonoids, forming a significant part of the world market. However, obtaining flavonoids directly from plants has some limitations, such as low quantity, poor extraction, over-exploitation, time consuming process and loss of flora. Henceforth, there is a shift towards the in vitro production of flavonoids using the plant tissue culture technique to achieve better yields in less time. In order to achieve the productivity of flavonoids at an industrially competitive level, elicitation is a useful tool. The elicitation of in vitro cultures induces stressful conditions to plants, activates the plant defense system and enhances the accumulation of secondary metabolites in higher quantities. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as novel and effective elicitors for enhancing the in vitro production of industrially important flavonoids. Different classes of NPs, including metallic NPs (silver and copper), metallic oxide NPs (copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide) and carbon nanotubes, are widely reported as nano-elicitors of flavonoids discussed herein. Lastly, the mechanisms of NPs as well as knowledge gaps in the area of the nano-elicitation of flavonoids have been highlighted in this review.

scholarly journals Analysis of Multi-Physics Coupling of Small Holes in GH4169 Alloy by Electrolytic Processing of Tube Electrodes

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Zhaolong Li ◽  
Ye Dai
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Small Hole ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Processing Stability ◽  
Hole Structure ◽  
Gh4169 Alloy ◽  
Small Holes

This paper presents a simulation and experimental study of the structure of small holes in GH4169 alloy electrolytic ally processed by tube electrodes with different characteristic power sources. It analyzes the multi-physical field coupling relationship of flow, temperature, and electric fields within the interstitial space. The results indicate that the tube electrode electrolytic processing of the GH4169 alloy small hole structure with a pulsed power supply has more uniform temperature and current density distribution within the gap, which is beneficial to the processing accuracy and smoothness of the small hole structure. Meanwhile, SEM was used to analyze the microscopic morphology of the electrode end surface during short-circuiting, and it was concluded that as the processing continued, the electrode end surface gradually produced a non-metallic oxide layer, which destroyed the electric field of the gap and affected the processing stability. The use of high-frequency positive and negative pulse power can effectively avoid the generation of a non-metallic oxide layer. Through the combination of simulation analysis and experimental verification, it is concluded that increasing electrolyte pressure in stages can effectively improve machining accuracy and stability. The interstitial current increases as the feed rate of the tool electrode increases, and the diameter of the machined small hole decreases as it increases.

scholarly journals Development of a Temperature-Controlled Optical Planar Waveguide Sensor with Lossy Mode Resonance for Refractive Index Measurement

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Yu-Cheng Lin ◽  
Liang-Yü Chen
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Planar Waveguide ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Refractive Index Measurement ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Optical Planar Waveguide ◽  
Active Temperature

The generation of lossy mode resonances (LMR) with a metallic oxide film deposited on an optical fiber has attracted the attention of many applications. However, an LMR-based optical fiber sensor is frangible, and therefore it does not allow control of the temperature and is not suited to mass production. This paper aims to develop a temperature-controlled lossy mode resonance (TC-LMR) sensor on an optical planar waveguide with an active temperature control function in which an ITO film is not only used as the LMR resonance but also to provide the heating function to achieve the benefits of compact size and active temperature control. A simple flat model about the heat transfer mechanism is proposed to determine the heating time constant for the applied voltages. The TC-LMR sensor is evaluated experimentally for refractive index measurement using a glycerol solution. The heating temperature functions relative to the controlled voltages for water and glycerol are obtained to verify the performance of the TC-LMR sensor. The TC-LMR sensor is a valuable sensing device that can be used in clinical testing and point of care for programming heating with precise temperature control.

Bringing resistance modulation to epidemic methicillin resistant S. aureus of dairy through antibiotics coupled metallic oxide nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 105138
Author(s):  
Fizzah Laeeq Lodhi ◽  
Muhammad Ijaz Saleem ◽  
Amjad Islam Aqib ◽  
Imaad Rasheed ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Modulation ◽  
Metallic Oxide Nanoparticles

Mechanisms overview of Thermocompression Process for Copper Metal Bonding

2013 ◽  
Vol 1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gondcharton ◽  
Floriane Baudin ◽  
Lamine Benaissa ◽  
Bruno Imbert
Keyword(s):  
Functional Integration ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
Process Window ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Copper Diffusion ◽  
Thermomechanical Stress ◽  
Metal Bonding

ABSTRACTWafer level metal bonding involving copper material is widely used to achieve 3D functional integration of ICs and ensure effective packaging sealing for various applications. In this paper we focus on thermocompression bonding technology where temperature and pressure are used in parallel to assist the bonding process. More specifically a broad range of conditions was explored and interesting results were observed and are reported. Indeed, despite a relatively high roughness, the presence of a native oxide and the lack of surface preparation, there still exists a process window where wafer level bonding is allowed. In these conditions, limiting the bonding mechanisms to basic copper diffusion is no longer satisfactory. In this study, a specific scenario inspired by both wafer bonding and metal welding state of the art is put forward. Accordingly, pure copper diffusion through the bonding interface is lined with plastic deformation and metallic oxide fracture. In addition, polycrystalline film deformation due to thermomechanical stress is highlighted and grain growth and voiding formation are observed and confirmed.

Dependence of the conductivity noise of metallic oxide interconnects on the oxygen stoichiometry: a study of

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (24) ◽  
pp. L75-L79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam Ghosh ◽  
A K Raychaudhuri ◽  
R Sreekala ◽  
M Rajeswari ◽  
T Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Stoichiometry ◽  
Metallic Oxide

scholarly journals Aging Mechanisms of Electrode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Aihua Tang ◽  
Hao Mu ◽  
Wenwei Wang ◽  
Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Carbon Anode ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Aging Mechanisms

Electrode material aging leads to a decrease in capacity and/or a rise in resistance of the whole cell and thus can dramatically affect the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, the aging phenomena are extremely complicated to describe due to the coupling of various factors. In this review, we give an interpretation of capacity/power fading of electrode-oriented aging mechanisms under cycling and various storage conditions for metallic oxide-based cathodes and carbon-based anodes. For the cathode of lithium-ion batteries, the mechanical stress and strain resulting from the lithium ions insertion and extraction predominantly lead to structural disordering. Another important aging mechanism is the metal dissolution from the cathode and the subsequent deposition on the anode. For the anode, the main aging mechanisms are the loss of recyclable lithium ions caused by the formation and increasing growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the mechanical fatigue caused by the diffusion-induced stress on the carbon anode particles. Additionally, electrode aging largely depends on the electrochemical behaviour under cycling and storage conditions and results from both structural/morphological changes and side reactions aggravated by decomposition products and protic impurities in the electrolyte.

Performance enhancement of a renewable thermal energy collector using metallic oxide nanofluids

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talluri Venkata Raja Sekhar ◽  
Ravi Prakash ◽  
Gopal Nandan ◽  
Marisamy Muthuraman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Metallic Oxide
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