scholarly journals Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern, cognitive status and depressive symptoms in an elderly non-institutionalized population

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Hernández-Galiot ◽  
Isabel Goñi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract: Introduction: Scientific evidence indicates that adherence to the Mediterranean diet protects against the deterioration of cognitive status and depressive symptoms during aging. However, few studies have been conducted in elderly non-institutionalized subjects. Objetive: This study evaluated the relation between the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and cognitive status and depressive symptoms in an elderly population over 75 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Mediterranean city (Garrucha, Spain) in 79 elderly people over 75 (36 men and 41 women). Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern was determined using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Cognitive function was determined by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and depressive symptoms were assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: Most of population showed a very high adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and optimal cognitive and affective status. They consumed olive oil as their main source of fat, high levels of fish and fruit, low levels of foods with added sugars, and a low consumption of red meat. A significant inverse relation between the MEDAS and MMSE scores was found. However, no relationship was observed between the MEDAS and GDS.Conclusions: The Mediterranean diet pattern was positively related with the cognitive function, although the influence of a healthy dietary pattern on the symptomatology of depression was unclear. However, an effective strategy against cognitive function and depression would be to improve physical activity rates, establish lifelong healthy eating habits, and consume a nutritionally-rich diet in order to enhance quality of life of the elderly.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Argyropoulos ◽  
Evangelia Machini
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Older People ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of depression later in life in an urban area and to investigate the associations between possible risk and protective factors including adherence to a Mediterranean diet.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among the active members of the open day-care centres for older people, in East-Attica, Greece. An anonymous questionnaire was developed to collect basic demographic and medical data, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was applied to screen the elderly for depressive symptoms, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to quantify sleep disturbances and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Statistics was processed with SPSS 24.0.Results154 older adults took part in the study. According to GDS-15, 24.7% (21.4% moderate and 3.2% severe type) screened positive for depressive symptoms. 29.9% of the participants reported inadequate sleep, based on AIS. Depression and insomnia in older participants were more frequent in women than in men, in lower educated, in participants with lower monthly income and in older people with comorbidity (p < 0.05).MDS revealed that adherence to a Mediterranean diet was moderate for 64.3% of the participants, and it was high for 34.4%. Depression diagnosed by a physician, was strongly associated with MDS (p = 0.035) and AIS (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis results revealed a diet higher in vegetables and lower in poultry and alcohol was associated with decreased likelihood of developing symptoms of depression later in life.ConclusionsOur results support that depression in older adults is common and strongly associated with several risk factors. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may protect against the development of depressive symptoms in older age. Moreover, not only diet but also sleep-deficiency might contribute to the depression later in life.

scholarly journals Unhealthy Diet Pattern Mediates the Disproportionate Prevalence of Obesity among Adults with Socio-Economic Disadvantage: An Australian Representative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Canaan Negash Seifu ◽  
Paul Patrick Fahey ◽  
Evan Atlantis
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disadvantaged Group ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
The Mediterranean

The role of unhealthy dietary pattern in the association between socio-economic factors and obesity is unclear. The aim was to examine the association between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity and to assess mediation effect of unhealthy dietary pattern defined using the Mediterranean diet criteria. The data source was the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. The study sample included 7744 participants aged 18 years and over, 28% of whom had obesity. We used the Australian Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) classification system for categorizing socio-economic disadvantage; calculated the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) using standard criteria; and used measured body mass index to define obesity. We conducted a mediation analysis using log–binomial models to generate the prevalence ratio for obesity and the proportion mediated by the MDS. The most disadvantaged group was associated with higher level of obesity after controlling for covariates (1.40, 95% CI 1.25, 1.56) compared to the least disadvantaged group, and in a dose–response way for each decreasing SEIFA quintile. The relationship between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity was mediated by the MDS (4.0%, 95% CI 1.9, 8.0). Public health interventions should promote healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, to reduce obesity, especially in communities with high socio-economic disadvantage.

Pathways Between Acculturation and Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Y. Miranda ◽  
Hector M. González ◽  
Wassim Tarraf
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between acculturation and functional health using multiple proxies of acculturation to examine explanatory pathways to clarify disparate health findings. A population-based cross-sectional, multistage probability sample from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly ( N = 3,050) was used. The dependent variables of neuropsychiatric function were depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D]) and cognitive function (mini-mental state examination [MMSE]) examined in separate multivariable regression and structural equation models to examine the pathways between acculturation proxies and neuropsychiatric function. Findings indicated that three acculturation proxies were associated with cognitive function but none were associated with depressive symptoms. English proficiency fully mediated the associations between other acculturation proxies and cognitive function. The findings suggest that language plays a central role in the pathway between acculturation and health among Mexican-origin populations.

scholarly journals Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among Balearic Islands adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1657-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Martínez ◽  
Rosa Llull ◽  
Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽  
Antoni Pons ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aim of the present work was to assess the prevalence of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) in Balearic Islands adolescents, and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors that might determine adherence to the MDP. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in the Balearic Islands between 2007 and 2008. A random sample (n1231) of the adolescent population (12–17 years old) was interviewed. Dietary questionnaires and a general questionnaire incorporating questions related to socio-economic status, parental education level and lifestyle factors were used. Dietary habits were assessed by means of two 24 h recalls and a quantitative FFQ. Adherence to the MDP was defined according to a score constructed considering the consumption of nine MDP characteristic components: high MUFA:SFA ratio, moderate ethanol consumption, high legumes, cereals and roots, fruits, vegetables and fish consumption, and low consumption of meat and milk. Then, socio-demographic, lifestyle and health status variables that could determine a higher or ower adherence were assessed. The mean adherence was 57·9 (sd8·9) % and the median adherence was 57·3 %. Half of the Balearic Islands adolescents (50·5 %) showed an adherence to the MDP comprised between 52·7 and 62·8 %. By multivariate analyses, a high maternal level of education, increased physical activity, reduced alcohol intake and abstinence from smoking were independent associations of better adherence to the MDP. The promotion of not only the MDP but also the Mediterranean lifestyle, including greater physical activity, should be reinforced among the Balearic younger generations.

scholarly journals The mediterranean diet: Healthy and sustainable dietary pattern in the time of Sars-Cov-2

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Carmela Bagnato ◽  
Carmela Perfetto ◽  
Flora Labanca ◽  
Lorenza Caregaro Negrin
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
The Mediterranean

COVID-19, first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 quickly spread worldwide leading to serious health, social and economic consequences. A crucial role in the pathogenesis of severe disease has been attributed to the inflammatory status, that in more severe cases may evolve in an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (“cytokine storm)” and fatal outcome. Non-communicable diseases, nutritional disorders and advanced age, conditions associated with a low-grade systemic inflammation and immune function alterations, have been identified as major risks for severe COVID-19. General recommendations for fighting COVID-19 highlighted the paramount importance of adopting a healthy plant-based dietary pattern and healthy lifestyle. The Mediterranean dietary pattern is considered as one of the healthiest dietary patterns, and its benefits are supported by a large body of evidence. Furthermore, it is considered as a sustainable lifestyle model. The aim of this research was to update the multiple benefits of the Mediterranean dietary pattern on physical and mental health, focusing on the effects that it may have in combating COVID-19. The potential effects and mechanisms of action of the main bioactive components of Mediterranean diet were also analyzed. Considering its effects in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress and supporting the immune system, the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be considered the most promising dietary approach to combat COVID-19.

scholarly journals Mediterranean dietary pattern and mortality among young women: a cohort study in Sweden

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagona Lagiou ◽  
Dimitrios Trichopoulos ◽  
Sven Sandin ◽  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Lorelei Mucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
European Population ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Traditional Mediterranean Diet

Studies of diet and health focus increasingly on dietary patterns. Although the traditional Mediterranean diet is perceived as being healthy, there is little information on its possible benefit to young people. We studied whether closer adherence to the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with overall and cancer mortality in a cohort of 42237 young women, aged 30–49 years at enrolment, who were recruited in 1991–2 from the general population in the Uppsala Health Care Region, Sweden, and followed up, almost completely, for about 12 years. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 10-point score incorporating the characteristics of this diet. Among women less than 40 years old at enrolment – whose causes of death are mainly cancer with probable genetic influences, injuries or suicide – there was no association of the Mediterranean diet score with total or cancer mortality. Among women 40–49 years old at enrolment, a 2-point increase in the score was associated with considerable reductions in overall mortality (13%; 95% CI 1%, 23%; P∼0·05) and cancer mortality (16%; 95% CI −1%, 29%; P∼0·06). Few cardiovascular deaths occurred in this cohort of young women. The findings of the present study in a northern European population of young women indicate that closer adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern reduces mortality even among young persons.

scholarly journals Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Bondia-Pons ◽  
Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs ◽  
Lluís Serra-Majem ◽  
Ana I Castellote ◽  
Abel Mariné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
North East ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in the population from a coastal region from north-east Spain and its relationship to diseases, applying the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (M-DQI) validated by the use of several biomarkers.DesignCross-sectional nutrition survey.SettingPopulation-based random sample derived from the Catalan Nutrition Survey.SubjectsA total of 621 healthy adults.ResultsThe Catalan representative sample presented a mean M-DQI score of 6·6 (sd 2·3, median 7, range 0–14). The percentage of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 53 %; 10 % of subjects showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, while only 2 % were categorized as poorest adherence. The plasma fatty acid profile of the Catalan sample progressed with perfect regularity throughout the index ranges. Both EPA and DHA presented a significant correlation to the M-DQI (r = −0·410 for EPA and −0·360 for DHA). A significant increase in palmitic, oleic and α-linolenic acids and a significant decrease in stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids content were also observed. The mean values for the M-DQI according to the clinical characteristics of the Catalan sample were also calculated.ConclusionsThe M-DQI has been demonstrated a suitable tool for assessment of an individual’s nutritional status according to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and for clinical purposes. Although the current diet followed in Catalonia seems to agree with the main characteristics of the Mediterranean diet, the promotion of the Mediterranean pattern should be reinforced in the Catalan population, especially among young people.

scholarly journals The Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Inflammation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Yu Wu ◽  
Kuei-Min Chen ◽  
Wan-Chi Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACT This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and inflammation in older adults. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A search of the literature was conducted up to June 2020 in 7 electronic databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and ProQuest. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the methodological quality. The overall standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CIs were estimated in random-effects meta-analyses. Thirteen studies were identified as having acceptable quality and were included in this systematic review: 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 1 quasi-experimental study, 1 cohort study, and 8 cross-sectional studies. The circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was the most common inflammation indicator used. Results of the meta-analysis on 5 cross-sectional studies revealed a significant inverse association between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and inflammation as assessed by CRP (SMD = −0.26; 95% CI: −0.41, −0.11; P &lt; 0.001). Other studies that investigated a variety of inflammation indicators other than CRP showed mixed results with regard to the relation between the Mediterranean dietary pattern and inflammation in older adults. Our findings suggest that the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be associated with lower inflammation in older adults. However, more long-term RCTs are required to demonstrate the effects of the Mediterranean dietary pattern on multiple inflammation parameters in older adults. The study has been registered on PROSPERO (#CRD42020140145).

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