scholarly journals Mitigation of Contamination Levels and Ecological Risk of Toxic Metal Contaminated Soil using CA-EKSR Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Reddy G Koteswara
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Decontamination ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Contamination Levels

Many studies have focussed on decontamination of the soil by incorporating electrokinetic technologies. However, these not considered to determine the contamination and decontamination levels before and after treatment. We addressed this problem and determined the decontamination levels of toxic metals(TMs) after treatment. In this study, TMs contaminated granite mining soil was treated with the chelating agents and electrokinetic soil remediation (CA-EKSR) process. After 20 days of treatment, we determined the decontamination levels and ecological risk indices of TMs through pollution index (PI), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk indes (RI). The removal performance of TMs was found in CA-EKSR (cirtric acid and EDTA as chelating agents) treatment about 5-6 times ore than when conventional treatment. The overall ecological risk index (RI) was reduced from 224 to 35.6, after treatment with chelating agent, which indicated that the soil has low environmental risk. It is observed that the CA-EKSR treatment was an effective in the remediation and mitigation of TMs from contaminated mining waste. The study is useful for the researchers to investigate the soil quality, contamination levels and ecological risk indices particularly in the soil decontamination studies

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution from Mineral Processing Steps at Xikuangshan Antimony Plant, Hunan, China

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhou ◽  
Renjian Deng ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Dust Generation

We evaluated the direct release to the environment of a number of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from various processing nodes at Xikuangshan Antimony Mine in Hunan Province, China. Sampling wastewater, processing dust, and solid waste and characterizing PTE content (major elements Sb, As, Zn, and associated Hg, Pb, and Cd) from processing activities, we extrapolated findings to assess wider environmental significance using the pollution index and the potential ecological risk index. The Sb, As, and Zn in wastewater from the antimony benefication industry and a wider group of PTEs in the fine ore bin were significantly higher than their reference values. The content of Sb, As, and Zn in tailings were relatively high, with the average value being 2674, 1040, and 590 mg·kg−1, respectively. The content of PTEs in the surface soils surrounding the tailings was similar to that in tailings, and much higher than the background values. The results of the pollution index evaluation of the degree of pollution by PTEs showed that while dominated by Sb, some variation in order of significance was seen namely for: (1) The ore processing wastewater Sb > Pb > As > Zn > Hg > Cd, (2) in dust Sb > As > Cd > Pb > Hg > Zn, and (3) surface soil (near tailings) Sb > Hg > Cd > As > Zn > Pb. From the assessment of the potential ecological risk index, the levels were most significant at the three dust generation nodes and in the soil surrounding the tailings reservoir.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Distribution, Sources, and Ecological Risk Assessment in Huixian Wetland, South China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Liangliang Huang ◽  
Saeed Rad ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Liangying Gui ◽  
Xiaohong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
South China ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources

This research has focused on the source identification, concentration, and ecological risk assessment of eight heavy metals in the largest karst wetland (Huixian) of south China. Numerous samples from superficial soil and sediment within ten representative landuse types were collected and examined, and the results were analyzed using multiple methods. Single pollution index (Pi) results were underpinned by the Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) method, in which Cd was observed as the priority pollutant with the highest contamination degree in this area. As for the most polluted landuse type, via applying Nemerow’s synthetical contamination index (PN) and Potential ecological risk index (RI), the river and rape field posed the highest ecological risks, while moderate for the rest. To quantify the drivers of the contaminants, a principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out and weathering of the watershed’s parent carbonate rocks was found to be the main possible origin, followed by anthropogenic sources induced by agricultural fertilizer. Considering the impacts of these potentially toxic elements on public health, the results of this study are essential to take preventive actions for environmental protection and sustainable development in the region.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments along the Jiangsu Lagoon

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Zhao Xiang Han ◽  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Dan Dan Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Medium Risk

Abstract: In this study we have worked on the evaluation of heavy metal contamination in the sediments taken from the Jiangsu lagoon and thereby used the Enrichment factor (EF), Pollution load index (PLI), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Potential ecological risk index (PERI), Potential ecological risk index (PERI), Potential toxicity response index (PTRI) and Risk assessment code (RAC) and the methods of statistical analysis. The average EF of Zn is found to be less than 2, and the average EF of Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni are found to be greater than 2 in Jiangsu lagoon.The EF for Pb, Cd and Cr are higher along the Jiangsu lagoon and harbor, which reveals the anthropogenic contribution to the increased content of the surface sediments of the Jiangsu coast. PLI values calculated for Yancheng suggest that this zone is appreciably less impacted by metal pollutants than Nantong. Zn (Igeo(mean)<0), as unpolluted to moderately polluted with Cu (0<Igeo(mean)<1), moderately polluted with Ni (1<Igeo(mean)<2), moderate to strongly polluted with Cd (2<Igeo(mean)<3), and strongly polluted with Cr and Pb (3<Igeo(mean)<4). The potential ecological risk indices of Cu, Zn and Ni in 9 stations in Lianyungang coast were lower than 40, which indicated slight potential ecological risk of three metals in 9 stations.Potential ecological risk indices of Cu, Zn and Cd in 9 stations in Yancheng lagoon were lower than 40, which indicated slight potential ecological risk of two metals in 9 stations. The sediments show a medium risk for Cu with PERI value greater than 40 indicating a moderate risk from sediments across the entire Nantong region. The amount of Cu and Ni with low risk, while Cd with moderate, with high risk in Lianyungang coast. Cu, Zn and Cd with low risk, while Cr and Ni with moderate risk, but, the Pb with very high risk in Yancheng coast. Cu and Zn with low risk, Cr and Ni with medium risk, Pb,Cd with high risk in Nantong coast.

scholarly journals Source Identification, Ecological Risk and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals Contamination in Agricultural Soils of Tanjaro Area, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Hayder Issa ◽  
Azad Alshatteri
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Ecological Risk Index

The current work accomplished a comprehensive evaluation of heavy metals pollution in soil of agricultural areas from Tanjaro sub-district, Sulaimaniyah province, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq. Ninety soil samples were collected from thirty different locations. Concentrations of 16 heavy metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry ICP-OES. The pollution index (PI), potential ecological risk index (Er), enrichment factor (EF), and ecological risk index (RI) were used to assess the pollution in soil samples. High levels of Li and Ni, and moderate Ba, Cd, Hg, and Pb according to the results of concentration analysis, pollution index (PI), and potential ecological risk (ERI). High levels of Cd and Hg according to the results of Er. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that heavy metals were generated from different natural and anthropogenic sources like natural weathering, fertilizer application, and transportation. Origins of Hg, Cd, Ni, and Pb are probably from activities like overuse of pesticides and fertilizers, whereas Pb could be exhausted from vehicle exhausts as well. Furthermore, spatial distributions revealed nonpoint source pollution for the studied heavy metals. The obtained results help in the remediation techniques of contaminated soils such as dilution with decontaminated soil or extraction or separation of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of Metallic Contamination and Its Ecological Risk in Sediment and Freshwater Mollusk: Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Thiaridae)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Othman Aljahdali ◽  
Abdullahi Bala Alhassan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Freshwater Mollusk ◽  
Benthic Sediments ◽  
Contamination Levels

Heavy metal pollution has been on the rise with serious implications for the wellbeing of aquatic ecosystems. Benthic sediments and freshwater mollusk (snail): Mellanoides tuberculata were sampled from five stations for determination of heavy metals concentrations and measurement of antioxidant enzyme activities. The spatial variation was studied using an enrichment factor, potential ecological risk index, and mean probable effect limit quotient (mPELq). From the results, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Co contamination levels were high at stations S3, S4, and S5 with an mPEL quotient of 94.40%. The variation of metal concentration and Enrichment factor were in the order S5 > S3 > S4 > S2 > S1, which was attributed to anthropogenic influences at the catchment due to industrial activities and atmospheric deposition of metals. Station five in this study is downstream and requires the most monitoring and management to prevent several ecological risks of metal pollutants in River Kaduna.

The Contamination Status of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of Beng River and the Protection for the Ecological Safety Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1809-1812
Author(s):  
Ji Cai Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Rubber Dam

To find out the heavy metal pollution condition from the Beng River sediment, we see the region from Beng River Rubber Dam to the Yimeng Road Bridge as research object.We monitored and surveyed on the three kinds of metal components (Cu, Zn, Cd) in the sediments from eight sectionsthe. With reference to the relevant domestic standards, we established sediment pollution evaluation criteria suitable for the region., We conducted the evaluation of ecological risk and pollution levels with the detection results by standard index of the potential ecological risk index and Nemerow France France. The results showed that: the heavy metals ecological risk index in Sediment from Beng River Rubber Dam to the Yimeng Road bridge section, Nemerow pollution index was 6.95, It was heavily polluted. This showed that the heavy metals in river sediment pollution was very serious.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF TOXIC METALS IN SEDIMENTS OF MERIÇ, TUNCA AND ERGENE RIVERS BY USING BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RISK INDICES

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 785-790
Author(s):  
Cem Tokatli ◽  
Yasin Baştatli
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Sediment Quality Assessment

The Meriç River, the longest river of the Balkans, is the most important aquatic ecosystem within the Thrace Region of Turkey, along with its main tributaries, the Tunca and Ergene Rivers. In this study, the sediment quality of Meriç, Tunca, and Ergene Rivers was evaluated by using the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and the Biological Risk Index (mERM-Q), both widely used methods in sediment quality assessment studies, to assess the ecological and biological risks of heavy metals within the river ecosystems. According to the results of the Biological Risk Index, nickel and chromium displayed the highest risk factors, and in terms of the Potential Ecological Risk Index, cadmium yielded the highest risk factor across all the investigated lotic ecosystems.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Sediment from the Urban and Rural Rivers in Harbin City, Northeast China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cui ◽  
Fuxiang Zhang ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
Rupert Hough ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Harbin City

The concentrations and ecological risk of six widespread heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb) were investigated and evaluated in sediments from both urban and rural rivers in a northeast city of China. The decreasing trend of the average concentration of heavy metals was Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd in Majiagou River (urban) and was Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd in Yunliang River (rural). The results showed that the concentrations of Cd and Zn were significantly elevated compared to the environmental background value (p < 0.05). Half of all sampling locations were deemed ‘contaminated’ as defined by the improved Nemerow pollution index (PN’ > 1.0). Applying the potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated a ‘high ecological risk’ for both rivers, with Cd accounting for more than 80% in both cases. Source apportionment indicated a significant correlation between Cd and Zn in sediments (R = 0.997, p < 0.01) in Yunliang River, suggesting that agricultural activities could be the major sources. Conversely, industrial production, coal burning, natural sources and traffic emissions are likely to be the main pollution sources for heavy metals in Majiagou River. This study has improved our understanding of how human activities, industrial production, and agricultural production influence heavy metal pollution in urban and rural rivers, and it provides a further weight of evidence for the linkages between different pollutants and resulting levels of heavy metals in riverine sediments.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Potentially Harmful Trace Elements in Surface Sediments from Lake Dali, North China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
North China ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Contamination Levels

Potentially harmful trace element (PHTE) pollution in lakes has important implications for regional management in North China, yet is seldom investigated. Surface sediments from 13 sites in Lake Dali were collected for PHTE analysis. Combined with the enrichment factor, potential ecological risk index, and multivariate statistical analysis, the spatial distribution and ecological risk of the pollutants were studied. The results showed that the contamination levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were minor to moderate. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and part of Pb pollution were mainly attributed to atmospheric deposition with the development of industry in North China, and As pollution resulted from the agricultural use of chemical fertilizers and As-containing pesticides. For the overall lake, the southwest part requires the most management, and targeted measures should be tailored to mitigate the ecological risk of PHTE pollution.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Evaluation and Source Identification of Heavy Metal(loid)s in Agricultural Soil of Shangdan Valley, Northwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5806
Author(s):  
Sukai Zhuang ◽  
Xinwei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistic ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Levels

To understand the environmental quality and heavy metal(loid) pollution of farmlands in Shangdan Valley, the contents of macroelements (Na, K, Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Ti, P, S, Cl, Br) and heavy metal(loid)s (Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr, As) were surveyed by the X-ray fluorescence method. The pollution degree and ecological risk of the heavy metal(loid)s were judged by the Nemerow synthetic pollution index, geo-accumulation index, and potential ecological risk index, and their sources were identified by the multivariate statistic method. The mean contents of nine heavy metal(loid)s in Shangdan Valley farmland soil exceeded their corresponding reference values. Soils were not contaminated with As, Cr, Mn, and Ni but were slightly contaminated with Co, Cu, Pb, V, and Zn. Their comprehensive pollution levels were moderate to serious. The ecological risk index of single heavy metal(loid) decreased in the sequence As > Pb > Co > Cu > Ni > V > Zn > Cr > Mn. The source analysis results indicated that Cu, Pb, Zn, and As were highly affected by anthropogenic inputs, e.g., metal smelting and agricultural activities, while Mn, Ni, Cr, and V were principally derived from a natural source. As for Co, it was affected by a mixture source of nature, fossil fuel combustion, and fertilizer.

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