Heterarchical Coordination in Inter-organizational Networks: Evidence from the Tourism Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-253
Author(s):  
Janusz Marek Lichtarski ◽  
Katarzyna Piórkowska
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Firm Networks ◽  
High Level

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to report the results of a qualitative research on heterarchical coordination within an interorganizational network in the tourism sector. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study follows the qualitative approach and case study research design. The main data collection techniques were semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Data triangulation was used to collect and analyze qualitative research data and narrative form supported the presentation of the results. Findings – The study has shown the nature, strengths and weaknesses of heterarchical coordination within the distributed inter-firm network. Based on the study, heterarchy is an appropriate form of coordination for distributed inter-firm networks with a high proportion of SMEs operating in the tourism sector. Heterarchy supports a high level of engagement of focal firms in joint activities and emergent growth of the whole community. Originality of the research – The study brings a new overview of coordination mechanisms in interfirm networks and identifies the characteristics and conditions of heterarchical coordination in a distributed cooperative network. The results of the study are useful for scholars studying business networks as well as for managers and local authorities responsible for managing and supporting inter-firm networks in tourism destinations.

Management of Records in Adapted Buildings as Records Centres in Zimbabwe

Mousaion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Mutsagondo ◽  
Getrude Maduyu ◽  
Godfrey Tsvuura
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Personal Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
The Government

This paper discusses the challenges of records management that arise from the use of adapted buildings as records centres in Zimbabwe, despite the advantages of using such buildings. A qualitative research approach was used as well as a case study research design. Data were collected from seven officers of the Gweru Records Centre through semi-structured interviews. Personal observation was used to triangulate findings from interviews. It was found that the use of adapted buildings as records centres was a cheaper and quicker way of establishing records centres throughout the country. However, a number of preservation, security and management challenges cropped up as the conditions of the buildings and the environment of the adapted buildings were not conducive to the proper and professional management of records. This study is important in that it explores the prospects and challenges of using adapted buildings as records centres in Zimbabwe, an area that has not been researched by many authors. This provokes archival authorities and the government to seriously consider establishing purpose-built records and archival centres.

Juggling on the line

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Evans
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Employee Relations ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
High Level

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the interplay between the role of front line managers (FLMs) and their contribution to the reported gap between intended and actual human resource management (HRM). Design/methodology/approach – The findings draw on case study research using 51 semi-structured interviews with managers across two UK retail organisations between 2012 and 2013. Findings – This paper argues that FLMs are key agents in people management and play a critical role in the gap between intended and actual employee relations (ER) and HRM. The research found that these managers held a high level of responsibility for people management, but experienced a lack of institutional support, monitoring or incentives to implement according to central policy. This provided an opportunity for them to modify or resist intended policy and the tensions inherent in their role were a critical factor in this manipulation of their people management responsibilities. Research limitations/implications – The data were collected from only one industry and two organisations so the conclusions need to be considered within these limitations. Practical implications – Efforts to address the gap between intended and actual ER/HRM within organisations will need to consider the role tensions of both front line and middle managers. Originality/value – This research provides a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between FLMs and the gap between intended and actual HRM within organisations. It addresses the issue of FLMs receiving less attention in the HRM-line management literature and the call to research their role in the translation of policy into practice.

scholarly journals Improving the Accessibility of the Tourism Industry in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10478
Author(s):  
Cheryl Cockburn-Wootten ◽  
Alison McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Social ◽  
Destination Competitiveness ◽  
Equity Of Access ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Internationally, the accessible tourism market has been identified as a growing segment that could lead the way for social inclusiveness, as well as providing the industry with financial gains and destination competitiveness. Despite the increased number of people who travel with access requirements, the sector still lacks an understanding of the expectations and experiences of access tourists. Accessible tourism covers an array of impairments from people who are immobile, visually impaired, an invisible impairment, parents with pushchairs, and seniors. The purpose of this study was to understand the expectations and experiences of the access consumer to suggest improvements for accessibility for the New Zealand tourism sector. The social model of disability was adopted to examine the sector and framed the semi-structured interviews with access consumers. Key results identified from the data were the need to achieve dignity in service offerings to gain experiences that facilitate independence and equity of access, access to information before the travel that is clear and accurate to aid planning, and accessible transport and education. In conclusion, the paper calls for the New Zealand tourism industry to align with the Disability Strategy sustainability goals to achieve equity and inclusion and create enjoyable accessible experiences in their tourist offerings.

scholarly journals STUDY OF RISKS IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET OF TOURIST SERVICES CAUSED BY THE PANDEMIC AND PLANNING OF MEASURES TO OVERCOME THE CRISIS BY INCREASING THE LEVEL OF PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION OF STAFF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Оlena Voskresenska ◽  
Anastasiia Hlynska ◽  
Viktoria Shuklina
Keyword(s):  
International Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the risks of the international market of tourist services in a pandemic and measures to overcome the crisis by increasing the level of professional motivation of staff. Study of losses of the tourism sector in the EU in April-May 2020. Decrease in EU revenues in June 2020. The impact of risks on the development of the international tourism industry from the implementation of anti-epidemic measures with COVID-19. Uncertainty and the predominant risks and duration of pandemic constraints are key to determining losses in this sector. The reasons for job losses in the tourism industry during the study period are investigated. The analysis of dynamics of outbound tourism for the period of introduction of quarantine restrictions is carried out. The reasons for the decline in demand for domestic tourism have been identified. The negative dynamics in the labor market of the tourism industry and its cause are determined. The expediency of Ukraine’s participation in international tourism relations has been proved. The tourism industry of Ukraine has been studied and the priority directions of its development that have developed under the current conditions have been revealed. The level of employment during the implementation of measures caused by the pandemic was studied. It is determined that an important problem is the high level of informal employment in the tourism industry. It was found that in the current situation in Ukraine at the current stage of its development, the problem of raising the level of professional motivation of staff has become important, because solving the challenges facing society is possible only if you create an appropriate motivational framework that can motivate employees to effective work. It is proved that in modern conditions in Ukraine at the present stage of its development the problem of increasing the level of professional motivation of staff has become important, because solving problems facing society is possible only if you create an appropriate motivational base that can motivate employees to work effectively. The efficiency of economic and non-economic methods of motivation of tourism workers is compared. The expediency of using a personalized approach to the choice of methods of professional motivation of employees is determined. Ways out of the crisis by increasing the level of professional motivation of staff are proposed.

Malaysian Islamic medical tourism market: a SWOT analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhana Mohezar ◽  
Sedigheh Moghavvemi ◽  
Suhaiza Zailani
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine challenges and prospects of the Malaysian Islamic medical tourism sector and suggests strategies to leverage the strengths and opportunities as well as overcome the weaknesses and threats. Design/methodology/approach A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with the Islamic hospital managers. Information collected was transcribed and content analysis was used to group the variables into the four SWOT categories. Findings The SWOT analysis identified several strengths (e.g. great hospitality, country’s characteristics and development of Islamic compliant hospital), weaknesses (e.g. low international certifications), opportunities (e.g. growing Muslim populations, Sept 11 incidence) and threats (e.g. competition from major medical tourism market and non-uniformity of Islamic medical tourism standards). Research limitations/implications This paper could provide understanding of the sector and fundamental on the Islamic medical tourism market. Yet the SWOT analysis does not indicate how to achieve competitive advantage and result may become obsolete, with the dynamic environments. Practical implications This paper could serve as a guideline for the industry stakeholders to have better understanding in their business environment. Originality/value This paper is the first of its kind to integrate SWOT analysis and Islamic medical tourism industry. Hence, the findings could broaden knowledge on Islamic medical tourism industry and facilitate firms in tapping the growing market.

scholarly journals Yemeni EFL Learners’ Identity Conflicts: An Exploratory Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Rais Ahmed Attamimi ◽  
Nasser Omer M. Al-Tamimi ◽  
Jon Andrew Chittick
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Identity Conflicts ◽  
High Level

The importance of the concept of “identity” in the context of language learning is unassailable. Stemming from this premise, the current study is intended to explore the identity conflicts of a group of Yemeni learners who were studying English, as well as the techniques and strategies used to mitigate and/or lessen the conflicts between their actual identity and the identity associated with the target language, i.e., English. This research project used a qualitative exploratory case study research design with a sample of 20 students who were requested to write their journal diaries. Following that, semi-structured interviews were conducted using the double-sampling technique to select 10 of the previously sampled students who were proven to have written the most stimulating and intriguing journal entries. From the results of the study, tangible identity conflicts between the Yemeni culture and society at large and the implied behaviors and conventions accompanying the intensive study of the English language became apparent. The students exhibit a high level of motivation and they also exert their efforts using different techniques and strategies to excel at the learning and/or acquisition of the speaking skill of the English language. These conflicts may be consciously or subconsciously realized by the language learners, but what has been proven is that their attitudes, motivation and general inclinations towards the goal of speaking with a native or a native-like accent are unquestionably genuine. Lastly, the study suggested or recommended a revamp of the current textbooks giving teachers more training sessions in order to improve their individual repertoire, as well as a higher degree of awareness upon the part of the Yemeni society at large that these conflicts can interfere with the strong motivations, both aspirational and actual, to achieve the learning outcomes of the nation’s most promising future leaders and pioneers.

scholarly journals Risk Management of Mice Tourism in XYZ Firm During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Jason Tan ◽  
Aldi Ardilo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Mice Tourism

This paper explores the implementation of risk management maturity of MICE tourism-sector organisations in XYZ firm which located in Indonesia, precisely in Bandung City, which has a population of 2.510.103 people. The research used a qualitative-descriptive design in the form of a case study at XYZ firm. This study uses primary data and secondary data as supplementary. Primary data was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with subjects whose roles and functions are relevant to facilitating XYZ firm's strategic initiatives and programs. The findings indicate that XYZ firm was at the initial level in implementing risk management which positively corresponds with its resilience and sustainability—XYZ had a difficult time bouncing back, surviving, and thriving this global pandemic. The results of this research may assist decision-makers on the importance and the dynamics of risk management implementation, particularly for the MICE tourism industry in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Masa Depan Industri Pariwisata Kota Palangka Raya (Perspektif dan Solusinya)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Trecy E. Anden
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The City

The tourism industry is a driver of the economy nationally, regionally and locally. As one source of local revenue (PAD) city of Palangka Raya, this sector received priority attention. Since the last 10 years developing the tourism industry and has developed a fairly good growth. This sector could boost GDP growth in the field of business; perdagangangn. hotels and restaurants. But seen from the growth in tourist arrivals is still dominated by local tourist arrivals, tourist arrivals have not been well explored. Some of the problems, challenges and constraints experienced in the development of the tourism industry. This condition is a manifestation of improvement and even become a dilemma that must be managed in harmony. The future of the city of Palangka Raya tourism industry has good prospects can be anticipated by considering the factors that influence. The study was conducted in the districts that have the potential of nature tourism (ecotourism), using descriptive qualitative research methods and kunatitif and SWOT analisis. In terms of the economy, the tourism sector of the city of Palangka Raya has particularly bright future . The growth rate of GDP, trade, hotel and restaurant sector the role of tourism as a revenue contributor serial number 3.

scholarly journals A Study on Changes in GDP due to its Relative Dependence on Tourism Receipts

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
K J Anson ◽  
Thalia Avin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Relative Dependence ◽  
Cash Inflow ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Contribution ◽  
Crucial Part

Tourism is a social phenomenon, driven by the natural urge of human beings to experience new places, cuisines, and destinations. The tourism industry being an established industry is considered as a vehicle for economic development. It is amongst the top ten sectors in India as it attracts a high level of foreign direct investment (FDI).The tourism industry has contributed a lot to the economy by attracting a large number of both foreign and domestic tourists travelling for professional as well as holiday purposes. This results in increased foreign exchange income and greater employment opportunities that stimulate the growth of tourism industry as well the overall economic growth.This research is mainly directed towards finding out the contribution of tourism sector towards the GDP of the country and giving suggestions on ways to improve it further. The possibilities of improvement and increase of foreign cash inflow is a crucial part of tourism sector towards contributions to the economy. The researcher has used correlation and regression to establish the relationship as well as the influence of the tourism sector towards GDP and has found a positive impact, and this has been evident in all the countries. But if we compare the GDP contribution of the tourism sector from a world perspective, Indian tourism sector has not contributed enough to GDP. World average contribution from tourism sector towards GDP is 9.8%,but India’s contribution towards GDP is 6.7%. This shows that there is huge opportunity in Indian tourism sector, and this huge opportunity has to be capitalized through government policies and reforms.

scholarly journals Tourism Industry of Sudan: History and Peculiarities of its Development in the 20th and 21st Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-587
Author(s):  
Igor V. Gerasimov ◽  
◽  
Daniil Yu. Bogdanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Military Campaign ◽  
The Military

The article considers the history of the tourism industry of one of the oldest states in the world — Sudan. The first attempts to organize sightseeing trips for Europeans to the Nile Valley were recorded after Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt in the early 19th century, but at that time Sudan was a little-known region. The military campaign of 1821 undertaken by the troops of Muhammad Ali resulted in the submission of Sudan and the establishment of the Egyptian-Turkish administration there. Since that time, the level of European intrusion into the country began to increase. The activities of travel companies only became notable in Sudan after the beginning of the colonial rule by England and Egypt in 1899. In the first decades of the twentieth century the first hotels were created, roads, including the railroad, were built, and cities were expanded as well as modernized. The hotel owners were predominantly foreigners. Tourism developed further after the country achieved independence in 1956. Since that time, national travel companies appeared, and travelers from Western countries and the Arab began to visit the country. Tourism has become an attractive sector for investment and capital raising, both local and international. At the same time, the economic and political problems observed in the period of 1980–2000 did not allow tourism to become a source of significant income for the state and prevented the sector from expanding. Currently, both high-level hotels and modest guesthouses, that mainly provide services for the domestic consumer, are built and operate in the capital of the country and in some cities of regional significance. The activity of travel companies remains at a low level and the number of foreign travelers is small. Local companies have attempted to cooperate with their Russian counterparts, but there are not enough prerequisites for initiating collaboration in this area. Sudanese researchers, economists, sociologists, historians, and marketing experts analyze the tourism sector and try to make recommendations for improving work in this area. This is reflected in a number of works in scientific journals that have been published in recent years.

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