A REVIEW OF SPIRITUAL TOURISM: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-141
Author(s):  
Mutia Sobihah Abdul Halim ◽  
Ekrem Tatoglu ◽  
Shamsiah Banu Mohamad Hanefar
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Spiritual Coping ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Spiritual Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
Special Category

Purpose – The growth of non-materialistic impulses among people around the world has led to the emergence of a special category of tourism that can be termed ‘spiritual tourism’. This article presents an attempt to provide a conceptual model for spiritual tourism drawing from the literature on spirituality, religion, and tourism. Design/ Approach – As this study intends to build a bridge between spirituality and tourism, the authors reviewed various articles and adopted the Spiritual Intelligence Model devised by Hanefar, Sa’ari, and Siraj (2016) to build a conceptual model of spiritual tourism. Methodology – Content analysis was used to arrange more than forty dimensions of spiritual tourism from the chosen articles. These dimensions were coded and mapped against the Spiritual Intelligence Model. Findings – The emergent dimensions of spiritual tourism showed that tourism offers unique opportunities in guiding human being to gain spiritual development through religion and nonreligion tourism activities/experiences. Originality of the research – The authors developed a Conceptual Model of Spiritual Tourism with seven themes: Meaning/Purpose of life, Consciousness, Transcendence, Spiritual resources, Selfdetermination, Reflection – soul purification, and Spiritual coping (with obstacles). This model intends to serve as a systematic pathway to authors and other researchers for future research related to spiritual tourism.

Competitive strategies in the US theme park industry: a popular media perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayllor Lillestol ◽  
Dallen J. Timothy ◽  
Rebekka Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Theme Park ◽  
Theme Parks ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Niche Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Terms

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the competitive strategies employed by two of the largest theme park operators in Florida, based on a content analysis of popular media articles about theme park giants in the USA. It aims to provide a comparative examination of their competitive strategies, to develop a conceptual model of the same and to expand knowledge about current competitiveness in the theme park sector. Design/methodology/approach – This study used directed content analysis to identify and analyze strategies applied in the theme park sector as manifested in the mass media. Each database was searched using the following four key terms: competition, strategy, Disney and Universal Studios. Results were screened for relevance based on their inclusion of all four key terms. At the conclusion of the search, 87 articles from 34 US-based sources were amassed, varying in circulation size and published between 1985 and 2013. Each article was read, and sentences that suggested the use of a strategy were recorded. Although the intention was to leave each data point at a one-sentence maximum, occasionally, a second sentence was included for context and clarification. Each article was read twice to ensure the inclusion of all potential data points. Findings – The findings suggest that the largest US-based theme parks utilize strategies of value, uniqueness, niche markets, innovation, variety and quality as highlighted in the research literature. However, this study also confirms two additional competitive strategies that have heretofore not been examined in tourism studies – currency and convenience – as advantageous management and promotional mechanisms against their competitors. Research limitations/implications – Limitations to this research include a limited number of popular media articles available for analysis. This precluded a random sample of articles. In addition, the study was based on print media statements and keyword identification, which could also limit the generalizability of the findings. Nonetheless, it is believed that the case studies researched in this paper are indicative of many of the competitive strategies used by theme park managers throughout the world. Practical implications – The paper developed a competitive strategy model that has utility for them park planners and managers, as they attempt to understand the competitive advantages and those of their direct competitors. The findings in this study have broader implications for other theme parks throughout the world. Social implications – The social implications of this study are manifold. They include the notion that theme park attendees manifest certain behaviors and seek out certain experiences as they make decisions on which parks to attend. The notions of value, uniqueness, niche markets, innovation, variety, quality, currency and convenience all reveal how some consumers determine their choice of venue for recreational travel. Originality/value – This paper provides an original research of the theme park sector by examining two of the USA’s largest theme park giants and the strategies they use in a comparative and competitive manner to attraction clientele and maintain visitation. In particular, the paper develops a conceptual model based upon the review of strategies literature and, then, tests it and modifies it based on the findings of the study.

scholarly journals Pembangunan Individu Menurut Ibnu Sina: Analisis Terhadap Karya-Karya Terpilih

2018 ◽  
pp. 534-548
Author(s):  
Zaiton Mustafa ◽  
Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Holistic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Needs

The holistic development of an individual would contribute to the wellbeing of society. Ibn Sina, a well-known Islamic scholar, paid great attention to this matter and discussed it in depth in his works. This article analyzes Ibn Sina's thoughts on the development of individuals and will focus only on his two works namely al-Syifa 'and al-Siyasah. The content analysis of the two works finds that Ibn Sina suggests an integrated individual development that includes the three main elements ie al-Jism, al-Nafs and al-'Aql. Based on Ibn Sina's thoughts, every individual needs to be developed in accordance with the nature of their occurrence and necessity as a human being to achieve the happiness of life in the world and the hereafter. ABSTRAK Pembangunan individu secara holistik dapat menyumbang ke arah kesejahteraan masyarakat. Ibnu Sina, tokoh ilmuan Islam yang tersohor sangat memberi perhatian terhadap perkara tersebut dan membincangkannya secara mendalam dalam karya-karya beliau. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini menganalisa pemikiran Ibnu Sina berkaitan dengan pembangunan individu dan kajian hanya ditumpukan terhadap dua karya beliau iaitu al-Syifa’ dan al-Siyasah. Analisis terhadap kandungan kedua-dua karya tersebut mendapati bahawa Ibnu Sina menyarankan pembangunan individu secara bersepadu yang merangkumi tiga elemen utama iaitu al-Jism, al-Nafs dan al-‘Aql. Berdasarkan pemikiran Ibnu Sina, setiap individu perlu dibangunkan sesuai dengan hakikat kejadian dan keperluan hidup mereka sebagai manusia untuk mencapai kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan akhirat.

Halal Branding for Medical Tourism

2017 ◽  
pp. 248-270
Author(s):  
Anita Medhekar ◽  
Farooq Haq
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Spiritual Tourism ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Medical Tourist

This chapter explores the emergence and development of Halal branded hospitals and medical facilities as a product of Medical Tourism for Muslim patients around the world and in India. Halal tourism is a sub-category of spiritual tourism, where one has to abide by the Sharia law to satisfy Muslim customers. The main objective of the chapter is to focus on a niche category of halal medical tourism, where Sharia rules are followed to attract the medical tourist mainly from Islamic countries. This chapter also proposes a typology of Muslim medical tourist's cultural sensitivities and recommends branding and certifying Halal Medical Tourism hospitals, healthcare facilities, pharmaceuticals, products, and services to attract Muslim patients, and provides challenges and opportunities with future research directions. The case studied in this chapter is of the Global Health City, the first Halal Certified Medical Hospital facility in Chennai, India. It presents a model for halal branding of Indian Medical Tourism based on the halal decision-making paradigm for Muslim customers designed by Wilson and Liu (2010). The model presented here indicates attitudes of being rational or emotional and elements reflecting affective and cognitive feelings for Muslim patients seeking halal treatment in halal hospitals.

Halal Branding for Medical Tourism

2015 ◽  
pp. 160-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Medhekar ◽  
Farooq Haq
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Spiritual Tourism ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Medical Tourist

This chapter explores the emergence and development of Halal branded hospitals and medical facilities as a product of Medical Tourism for Muslim patients around the world and in India. Halal tourism is a sub-category of spiritual tourism, where one has to abide by the Sharia law to satisfy Muslim customers. The main objective of the chapter is to focus on a niche category of halal medical tourism, where Sharia rules are followed to attract the medical tourist mainly from Islamic countries. This chapter also proposes a typology of Muslim medical tourist's cultural sensitivities and recommends branding and certifying Halal Medical Tourism hospitals, healthcare facilities, pharmaceuticals, products, and services to attract Muslim patients, and provides challenges and opportunities with future research directions. The case studied in this chapter is of the Global Health City, the first Halal Certified Medical Hospital facility in Chennai, India. It presents a model for halal branding of Indian Medical Tourism based on the halal decision-making paradigm for Muslim customers designed by Wilson and Liu (2010). The model presented here indicates attitudes of being rational or emotional and elements reflecting affective and cognitive feelings for Muslim patients seeking halal treatment in halal hospitals.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Challenges of Transition to Online Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Barbara Grah ◽  
Sandra Penger
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Personal Reflection ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
School Year ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world. It changed the way we do business, and it changed our lives in terms of socializing. Nevertheless, it also brought essential changes in the educational segment. This school year, at the tertiary level, courses’ contents and examinations are primarily done online in Slovenia due to the pandemic. In this paper, we examine the perceptions and challenges the third-year students of the Learning and knowledge management course conducted at the School of Economics and Business, University of Ljubljana, are facing. Specifically, we are interested in the challenges the students encountered during the transition to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the advantages and disadvantages of online learning, as perceived by students. What was used as the method to collect and analyze the data was personal reflection and content analysis. The findings show that students are facing different challenges. Nevertheless, also several advantages and disadvantages related to the online learning process are identified. We conclude by providing practical examples for pedagogical staff to ease the transition for students and avenues for future research. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Halal Branding for Medical Tourism

2017 ◽  
pp. 1190-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Medhekar ◽  
Farooq Haq
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Spiritual Tourism ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Medical Tourist

This chapter explores the emergence and development of Halal branded hospitals and medical facilities as a product of Medical Tourism for Muslim patients around the world and in India. Halal tourism is a sub-category of spiritual tourism, where one has to abide by the Sharia law to satisfy Muslim customers. The main objective of the chapter is to focus on a niche category of halal medical tourism, where Sharia rules are followed to attract the medical tourist mainly from Islamic countries. This chapter also proposes a typology of Muslim medical tourist's cultural sensitivities and recommends branding and certifying Halal Medical Tourism hospitals, healthcare facilities, pharmaceuticals, products, and services to attract Muslim patients, and provides challenges and opportunities with future research directions. The case studied in this chapter is of the Global Health City, the first Halal Certified Medical Hospital facility in Chennai, India. It presents a model for halal branding of Indian Medical Tourism based on the halal decision-making paradigm for Muslim customers designed by Wilson and Liu (2010). The model presented here indicates attitudes of being rational or emotional and elements reflecting affective and cognitive feelings for Muslim patients seeking halal treatment in halal hospitals.

scholarly journals Modeling the Process of School Shooters Radicalization (Russian Case)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Anna Karpova ◽  
Aleksei Savelev ◽  
Nataliya Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
School Shooters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distinguishing Features

Research on radicalization became relevant to the study of terrorism and violent extremism just two decades ago. The accumulated empirical data on terrorism have led researchers and experts to understand that radicalization is a predictor of violent actions by terrorists, violent extremists, and lone actors. Violent incidents committed by school shooters are not terrorist crimes, but there is good reasons for inclusion as terrorist crimes since they have similar mechanisms. The article aims to create a conceptual model of school-shooter radicalization and determine the distinguishing features of the process. The paper presents a theoretical and methodological base of content analysis concepts, political models, and terrorist radicalization on the different levels of study. Based on the content analysis results, we identify the significant gaps in the research field, consider the radicalization phenomenon in detail, substantiated the qualitative aspects of the school shooters radicalization, and propose a conceptual scheme. Psychological, behavioral, cognitive aspects of the school shooters radicalization reflect a holistic picture of the relationship between the process phases and changes in the parameters of the object’s state. The aspects of radicalization and this phenomenon’s qualitative properties are interpreted as the determinants of the conceptual model. The model includes five stages, each of which is considered to be one of the components for the formation and acceptance of the idea of a violent way to solve a problem, but certainly do not act individually as the only component that leads to the actual implementation of the incident of a school shooting. An in-depth study of online social connections and warning signs, mobilization factors, behavioral trajectories, and imitation mechanisms can help scientists understand why school shooters are increasingly motivated to use violent means to achieve personal goals. We have outlined the possibilities and prospects of the model’s application and directions for future research.

scholarly journals STIMULASI KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL ANAK PADA PERIODE PENDIDIKAN PRANATAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Qumi Laila
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Prenatal Period ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Religious Songs

People in the world are provided with intelligence by the Lord, the intelligence is exactly what can make the difference between humans and other creatures. There are many kinds of intelligence that was found by experts, including three intelligence (Q), namely IQ, EQ, SQ. In general, people are more likely to pay attention to intelligence (IQ), when there is more intelligence main EQ. Along with developmental era, EQ also felt less able to provide meaning in human life, and finally found the type of supreme intelligence that is SQ or Spiritual Intelligence. Spiritual Intelligence spiritual been bestowed by God when humans are not born, but the need for stimuli that serves to maintain and develop that intelligence. The stimulation done by parents, especially the mother as the person most close and interact most with the fetus. This research discussed spiritual intelligence in Islam and how to stimulate spiritual intelligence in the perspective of Islam. It is a library research; the authors use content analysis to analyze the content of the various literature which may include books, journals, articles from the internet, and thesis. And finally this research lead to the conclusion that parents can stimulate spiritual intelligence in children who are still in the prenatal period, to perform or to practice diligently, diligently worship, reading the Qur'an, dhikr, play religious songs or sholawat to the child in the womb, noble, telling tales of the Prophet to the child in the womb.

scholarly journals A Measurement Model of Successful Muslim Entrepreneur

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Efri Syamsul Bahri ◽  
Juhary Ali ◽  
Mohd Mizan Mohammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Approximately 1.4 billion of the world's population lives on less than USD 1 per day, and since 50% of the poorest people are in Muslim countries, the solution is to increase successful Muslim entrepreneurs. Hence, this study aims to create a conceptual model through a literature review and descriptive-qualitative approach. These were employed to determine the indicators of successful Muslim entrepreneurs and the expected factors required to provide a positive and significant effect. Meanwhile, four factors and indicators, each considered to influence successful Muslim entrepreneurs, were identified. Subsequently, the results obtained were conceptual papers and hypotheses that required testing to ensure correctness. It was also used to produce new constructs validated for the individuals and communities of Muslim entrepreneurs. Therefore, this conceptual model is hoped to motivate new, future research and has also been enhanced as a pioneer that has attempted to construct a model for successful Muslim entrepreneurs. Finally, a conceptual model was created, which is the initial contribution to solving poverty among the Muslim population in the world.

Mapping Confucian Values in the Context of Ethical Dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Abhijit Roy ◽  
Pallab Paul ◽  
Mousumi Roy ◽  
Kausiki Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Leadership Attributes ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Confucian Values ◽  
The World ◽  
Far Eastern

With rapid growth in Far Eastern economies (in particular China’s), it is becoming imperative to understand the culturally driven ethical-value underpinnings of the management processes in this region of the world. In this study, we propose a broadened version of Hofstede’s and others’ conception of Confucian dynamics anchored in his teachings preserved in the Lunyu (or Analects), which form the foundation of individual-social moral interactions. Based on a content analysis of these Analects via a qualitative software, NVivo, we identified six work-based values (Leadership Attributes, Appropriate Conduct, Authority Protocol, Governance Policies, Long term Orientation and Collegiality and Teamwork) and six life-based values (Virtuousness and Appropriate Behavior, Handling Life’s Emotions, Learning and Teaching, Parent/Elder Relationship, Friendship and Worship) of the society, prescribed by Confucius in his Analects. These factors are further analyzed and mapped in the context of the three Confucian ethical dimensions (Yi or Righteousness, Li or Propriety, and Ren or Benevolence and Unbounded). The business implications of the results and directions for future research are finally discussed.

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