scholarly journals Self-monitoring checklists: A tool for connecting training to practice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Courtney Hughes ◽  
Emaley B. McCulloch ◽  
Elise G. Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Healthcare Educators

A limitation of training is the gap between the knowledge learned in training and the behavior put into practice. Skills checklists are helpful for reducing errors and increasing adherence to safety and may be one tool useful for bridging that gap. There is little research examining the role of skills checklists with self-reflection completed independently, or “self-monitoring checklists,” for increasing knowledge and improving skills in areas requiring attentional behavior in healthcare. Two randomized controlled studies incorporated self-monitoring checklists along with online training in cultural competence and integrated care, respectively, for health professionals. At least ninety percent of participants in both studies found self-monitoring checklists to be helpful. Healthcare educators and practitioners should consider self-monitoring checklists as an additional tool for online training when developing educational strategies for healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Adjuvant Radiotherapy and/or Chemotherapy for Endometrial Cancer, Status as at 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 1273-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Emons ◽  
Clemens Tempfer ◽  
Marco Johannes Battista ◽  
Alexander Mustea ◽  
Dirk Vordermark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

AbstractThe role of adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in the primary treatment of endometrial cancer with a high risk of recurrence has still not been conclusively determined. The results of 3 large randomized controlled studies on different aspects of this issue have been published in full in recent months, and the relevant results are analyzed here.

Green tea from the far east to the drug store: focus on the cardiovascular beneficial effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Landini ◽  
Eleni Rebelos ◽  
Miikka-Juhani Honka
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Far East ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Potential Benefits

: Cardiovascular diseases(CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Evidence from observational and randomized controlled studies showing the potential benefits of green tea on lowering CVD risk has been emerging rapidly during the past few decades.These benefits include reduced risk for major cardiovascular events, lowering of blood pressure, decreased LDL cholesterollevels and weight loss.At the same time, the understanding of physiological mechamismsbehind these alterations is advancing.Consumption of green tea originates from China thousands of years ago, but has since expanded all over the world.Recent advances in understanding the role of tea polyphenols, mainly catechins,as mediators of tea’s health benefits has caused an emergence of various types of green teaextracts(GTE) on the market. While drinking green tea is generally considered safe, there are concerns about thesafety of using tea extracts. The present article reviews the current evidence of green tea consumption leading to reducedCVD risk, the phenomenon’s potential biological mechanisms and the safety of using GTE.

Associated Mortality of Liberal Fluid Administration in Sepsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Mathew R. Johnson ◽  
T. Patrick Reed ◽  
Denise K. Lowe ◽  
William D. Cahoon
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Fluid Administration ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Positive Fluid Balance ◽  
Intravascular Volume ◽  
Surviving Sepsis Campaign ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Fluid resuscitation, to restore intravascular volume and improve oxygen delivery, is a crucial step in early resuscitation efforts of patients with sepsis or septic shock. The 2016 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines suggest the use of dynamic versus static measures of fluid responsiveness and fluid resuscitation with at least 30 mL/kg of intravenous crystalloid within the first 3 hours followed by fluid administration if hemodynamic factors continue to improve. Despite these recommendations, risks to this practice may exist as multiple studies have demonstrated an association between a positive fluid balance and/or administration of large fluid volume and increase in mortality. These studies are limited by variations in their methodologic design; therefore, cause and effect cannot yet be determined. Future multicenter, randomized, controlled studies that evaluate fluid balance and fluid volume need to be conducted to clarify the role of fluid administration to patients with sepsis to maximize benefits and minimize risk.

scholarly journals Fluoroscopy-guided shaped endobiliary biopsy at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography can accurately diagnose biliary neoplasia: Results from a large cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (07) ◽  
pp. E1039-E1048
Author(s):  
Bao-can Wang ◽  
Kelly K. Wang ◽  
Navin Paul ◽  
Vijay Jayaraman ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography ◽  
First Line ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Biliary Neoplasm ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background and study aims The sensitivity of using standard endobiliary forceps biopsy to diagnose neoplastic biliary lesions remains low. We have developed a unique biopsy approach, termed fluoroscopy-guided, shaped endobiliary biopsy (FSEB), in which the biopsy forceps are modified to improve diagnostic yield. In this study, we evaluate the diagnostic characteristics of FSEB for endobiliary lesions at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC). Patients and methods Consecutive patients undergoing FSEB between 1/2001 and 12/2014 were retrospectively enrolled. The identification of neoplastic lesions with FSEB, was the primary endpoint. The gold standard of neoplasia was histopathology, cytology or surgical histopathology. The benign cases were followed up for one year. Results A total of 204 patients undergoing 250 biopsy sessions by FSEB were analyzed. Per-patient analysis was performed and FSEB showed 81.1 % sensitivity and 88.2 % accuracy. FSEB detection of proximal biliary lesions was more sensitive (91.1 % vs 73.2 %, P < 0.01) and accurate (94.9 % vs 82.2 %, P < 0.01) compared to distal lesions. No complications from FSEB were reported. Conclusions FSEB shows high accuracy for diagnosis of neoplasia in biliary strictures, especially for proximal lesions. Future prospective randomized controlled studies are merited to further validate the role of FSEB as the first-line sampling tool for evaluation of biliary neoplasm.

scholarly journals The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Abdellatif ◽  
Clare McVeigh ◽  
Ghizlane Bendriss ◽  
Ali Chaari
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) have been reported repeatedly in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and studies have reported interesting correlations between severity of behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms. Growing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota in ASD is altered with various shifts described at different taxonomic levels, pointing to the importance of considering the gut–brain axis in treatment of these disorders. Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that are ingested as food or customized pills. These beneficial bacteria, when added in sufficient amounts, can correct the dysbiosis. Because probiotics have shown success in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), it is plausible to investigate whether they can induce alleviation of behavioral symptoms as well. Probiotics show, in some clinical studies, their potential benefits (1) in improving gastrointestinal dysfunction, (2) in correcting dysbiosis, (3) in consequently reducing the severity of ASD symptoms. This review compiles data from selected studies that investigate these benefits and the mechanisms that mediate these effects, which include the production of metabolites, hormones, and neurotransmitters and the regulation of pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines. Future research based on more randomized, controlled studies with a larger population size and standardized use of strains, concentration of probiotics, duration of treatments, and methods of DNA extraction is still needed in this area, which may lead to more robust results.

scholarly journals Role of Exercise in the Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado ◽  
Borja Martinez-Tellez ◽  
Josune Olza ◽  
Concepcion M. Aguilera ◽  
Ángel Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background: The energy-burning capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) makes it an attractive target for use in anti-obesity therapies. Moreover, due to its ability to oxidize glucose and lipids, BAT activation has been considered a potential therapy to combat type 2 diabetes and atherogenesis. Summary: BAT is mainly regulated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS); yet, recent findings have shown a group of novel activators that act independently of the stimulation of the SNS such as cardiac natriuretic peptides, irisin, interleukin-6, β-aminoisobutyric acid and fibroblast growth factor 21 that could influence BAT metabolism. Several strategies are being examined to activate and recruit BAT with no side effects. In this review, we postulate that exercise might activate and recruit human BAT through the activation of SNS, heart and skeletal muscle. Key Messages: Epidemiological and well-designed exercise-based randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify if exercise is able to activate BAT in humans.

scholarly journals Mechanical Thrombectomy Is Now the Gold Standard for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Implications for Routine Clinical Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugan Palaniswami ◽  
Bernard Yan
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery Thrombosis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Background: This review aims to summarize the findings of the recently published randomized controlled studies which provide overwhelming evidence in support of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with large artery occlusion. The five studies, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands (MR CLEAN), Endovascular Revascularization with Solitaire Device versus Best Medical Therapy in Anterior Circulation Stroke within 8 h (REVASCAT), Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE), Solitaire™ FR as Primary Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke (SWIFT PRIME) and Extending the Time for Thrombolysis in Emergency Neurological Deficits with Intra-Arterial Therapy (EXTEND IA) have demonstrated the critical role of selecting patients by advanced neuroimaging, the superior recanalization capacity of stent retrievers and the effects of minimization of work processes delay. Summary: This review outlines lessons gained from the 5 positive studies which assessed mechanical thrombectomy as part of endovascular therapy for patients with proximal artery occlusion in the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries. It discusses the role of age and stroke severity on treatment while also comparing the unique trial designs and selection criteria used amongst the 5 studies. In addition to examining the importance of unique imaging parameters such as collateral circulation, mismatch ratio and ischemic core volume, the review outlines differences in workflow parameters within the context of outcome. Finally the benefit of neuroimaging to broaden treatment eligibility and the issues associated with general anesthesia will be discussed in this review. Key Messages: Questions remain over the applicability of mechanical thrombectomy to stroke subgroups including wake-up strokes and basilar artery thrombosis. The role of imaging is integral to this process and can lead to broadening eligibility criteria in the future. Workflow practices have been streamlined in the 5 positive randomized controlled studies, but guidelines will need to be revised accordingly if similar patient outcomes are to be replicated in a wider population.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

Individual Differences in the Name Similarity Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Howard ◽  
Roger A. Kerin
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Usage Context

The name similarity effect is the tendency to like people, places, and things with names similar to our own. Although many researchers have examined name similarity effects on preferences and behavior, no research to date has examined whether individual differences exist in susceptibility to those effects. This research reports the results of two experiments that examine the role of self-monitoring in moderating name similarity effects. In the first experiment, name similarity effects on brand attitude and purchase intentions were found to be stronger for respondents high, rather than low, in self-monitoring. In the second experiment, the interactive effect observed in the first study was found to be especially true in a public (vs. private) usage context. These findings are consistent with theoretical expectations of name similarity effects as an expression of egotism manifested in the image and impression management concerns of high self-monitors.

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