scholarly journals What makes a “regime complex” complex? It depends

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
James Hollway
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Regime Complex

What makes the collections of international institutions or regimes governing various domains—called in theliterature regime, institutional, or governance complexes—“complex”? This article examines several conditions for complexity discussed in that literature and finds them necessary but not sufficient. It argues that the sufficient condition is dependence and outlines a framework of increasing levels of synchronic (social/spatial) and diachronic (temporal) dependence. Putting dependence at the centre of discussions on regime complexes has four advantages: (1) it is analytically more precise a condition than proliferation or linkage; (2) it orients us toward questions of degree, ‘how complex’, instead of the binary ‘whether complex’; (3) it informs a range of research design and theoretical choices, especially highlighting extra-dyadic dependencies and an underdeveloped temporal dimension; and (4) it arguably reconciles competing uses of the term “complex” in the literature without conflating it with complexity, structure, or topology.

scholarly journals Religiusitas dan Intensi Anti Korupsi: Peran Moderasi Kebersyukuran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Humaira Mumtazah ◽  
Agus Abdul Rahman ◽  
Sarbini Sarbini
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research Design ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Educational Foundation ◽  
Muslim Religiosity ◽  
Corrupt Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Corruption is a behavior that cannot be socially or religiously justified. Interestingly, despite the corruption is prohibited in all religions in Indonesia, the index of corruption remains high as reported by the results of surveys of national and international institutions. Besides, research on this matter showed inconsistency in the relationships between religiosity and corrupt behavior. This research re-examined the relationship between religiosity and anti-corruption intentions and determined the moderating effect of gratitude as an intervening variable. Gratitude is one of the strongest religious values which is expected to reduce ones’ intention to do corruptions. The research was conducted using a correlational research design, involving 92 population in an educational foundation in Garut regency, West Java. Data were collected using the GRAT short form to measure gratitude and the Muslim Religiosity Scale (MRC) was employed to measure religiosity. Whereas, Anti-Corruption Intention Scale was used to measure the anti-corruption intention. The results of data analysis showed that religiosity and anti-corruption intentions were positively correlated (F= 154.1, p = .001, R2= .631), and gratitude moderated the increase in the relationship (R2= .668). Therefore, gratitude was regarded as an intervening variable that strengthened the correlation between religiosity and anti-corruption behavior by 3.7%.

scholarly journals The Influence of Institutional Interplay on the Development of the BRICS Bank

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Kiefer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Institutional Interplay ◽  
Regime Complex ◽  
New Development ◽  
Clear Link

With a greater degree of integration than ever before in areas such as trade, the environment, migration, etc., international institutions have emerged in an attempt to achieve greater cohesion and regulation among the plethora of global actors and issues that exist today. The consideration of international institutions and actors in terms of a network of interrelated bodies is referred to as a regime complex. One of these institutions is the BRICS Bank, or the New Development Bank (NDB), forged by the BRICS nations, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, and more recently, South Africa. By applying different frameworks for considering the role and influence of institutional interplay within a greater regime complex, a clear link can be seen in how international institutions effect one another, their development, structures, and objectives.

scholarly journals KE ADAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA PENDIDIKAN JASMANI DI S D SE UPTD KECAMATAN SEMARANG BARAT KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 201 5

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liska Sukiyandari
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Subject

This study aims to determine the condition of facilities and infrastructure of PhysicalEducation in SD Se UPTD West Semarang District Semarang City Year 2015.This research is a descriptive research with survey research design. The subject ofthis research is teacher Penjas Se UPTD West Semarang District Semarang City.Data were collected through questionnaires, and interviews.From the results of research and analysis of data that has been described, then ingeneral sports facilities and infrastructure that includes the main or compulsivesports branch on the subject of Physical Education in Elementary Schools UPTDWest District can be knownfor gymnastics sports state facilities and infrastructure asa whole in conditions "Lacking", athletic sports in "lacking" conditions, soccer ingood condition, volleyball sport in a "sufficient" condition and a sporting sport in"sufficient" condition.Based on the results of research and discussion it can be concluded as follows: Thecondition of gymnastics facilities and infrastructure in the condition of "less". Thestate of facilities and infrastructure of athletic sports in less condition ".Circumstances and facilities of soccer sport in good condition. The condition of thefacilities and infrastructure of volleyball sport is in "enough" condition. Thecondition of facilities and infrastructure of sporting branch of kasti is in "enough"condition. Overall for the condition of facilities and infrastructure of PhysicalEducation SD Se UPTD West Semarang District in condition "enough"Key Words:Facilities and infrastructure, Physical Education 

scholarly journals How brand interaction in pop-up shops influences consumers’ perceptions of luxury fashion retailers

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Taube ◽  
Gary Warnaby
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Inductive Research ◽  
Key Characteristics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of brand interaction in pop-up shops on consumers’ perceptions of luxury fashion retailers. Design/methodology/approach Adopting an exploratory, inductive research design, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with female respondents, consistent with the profile of both typical pop-up and “new luxury” customers, who had recently visited a luxury fashion pop-up shop. Findings Factors influencing consumers’ perceptions of the luxury brands whose pop-up shops were visited are identified relating to three key characteristics of pop-up retailing identified from a review of relevant literature, termed the temporal dimension, the promotional emphasis, and the experiential emphasis. Originality/value This study explores the perceptions of pop-up shops qualitatively from a consumer’s perspective, providing new insights into the personal and complex motivations and attitudes of new luxury consumers.

scholarly journals Temporal Profiles of Urban Lighting: Proposal for a research design and first results from three sites in Berlin

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Maria Meier
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
First Results ◽  
Temporal Profiles

This paper presents and experimentally applies a research design for studying the temporal dimension of outdoor artificial illumination in complex lightscapes such as those of urban centres. It contributes to filling the gap between analyses of high-resolution aerial imagery, which provide detailed but static information on the spatial composition of lightscapes, and existing methods for studying their dynamics, which measure changes at high levels of aggregation. The research design adopts a small-scale, detailed approach by using close-range time-lapse videos to document the on/off patterns of individual light sources as the night progresses. It provides a framework and vocabulary for discrete and comparative analyses of the identified temporal profiles of lighting. This allows for pinpointing similarities and differences among the dynamics of different places, nights or categories of lighting. Its application to three case studies in Berlin indicate that switch-on and switch-off times are clustered, resulting in static and dynamic phases of the night. Midnight is a temporal fault-line, after which full illumination ends as portions of the illumination are extinguished. Switch-off times and -rates differ among the three lightscapes and, especially, among four functional types of lighting that were differentiated: infrastructural and commercial units largely remain on all night, while substantial portions of architectural and indoor lighting are switched off, though at fairly different times. Such findings are valuable for studies based on data collected at specific points in time (aerial imagery, measurements), for informing and monitoring temporally oriented lighting policies, and for understanding urban dynamics at large.

International Regime Complexity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gómez-Mera
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
World Politics ◽  
International Regime ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
Regime Complex ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Institutional Linkages ◽  
Public Health Governance

A regime complex is an array of overlapping international institutions and agreements that interact to govern in a particular issue area of international relations. International regime complexity refers to the international political dynamics that emerge from the interaction among multiple overlapping institutions within regime complexes. Scholars have identified several factors explaining the emergence of regime complexes and the growing regime complexity in world politics. Some have emphasized the functional rationale for creating institutional linkages to contain negative spillovers across regimes. Others have focused instead on actors’ incentives, pointing to the various expected benefits of governing through regime complexes rather than through separate comprehensive institutions. Scholars have also disagreed about the consequences of regime complexes and, in particular, about the extent to which regime complexity facilitates or hinders international cooperation. The early literature tended to emphasize how institutional proliferation and fragmentation contributed to regulatory conflicts, thus undermining global governance outcomes. By contrast, other works provide a more nuanced account of the effects of regime overlaps, showing that under certain conditions regime complexity contributes to the effectiveness of cooperation. A rich body of empirical evidence drawn from the study of regime complexes in several issue areas, including environmental, trade, security, migration, and public health governance, suggests that what matters is not the fragmentation and overlaps per se but how they are managed. The increasing institutional density and overlaps in international politics in the 21st century has generated significant interest among scholars of international relations (IR). The literature on international regime complexity and regime complexes has evolved theoretically and empirically since the beginning of the 12st century. Three main questions have guided and informed theoretical debates and empirical research on regime complexes. First, what are regime complexes and how are they composed? What is meant by international regime complexity? Second, what causes regime complexity and how do regime complexes emerge? And third, what are the effects and consequences of regime complexity?

scholarly journals The Transparency Turn of International Law

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Peters
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
Peace And Security

In all major fields of international law—e.g. environmental law, economic law, human rights law, international humanitarian law, health law, peace-and-security law—demands for more transparency have recently been voiced by civil-society actors, by states, and within the international institutions themselves—or transparency has been brought about by illegal means. In response, much more transparency has been created in international institutions and procedures in the last 10 years. This paper diagnoses a genuine “transparency turn” in international law, it analyses the functions and drawbacks of increased transparency in global governance (especially for the well-functioning of negotiations and deliberations); it asks whether a cross-cutting legal principle of transparency is emerging, and what this might mean for international law as a whole. It concludes that from a governance perspective, transparency is only a necessary, and not a sufficient condition for bringing about participation, accountability, and possibly democracy in the global sphere.

The Current Situation in Chemical Stabilization of Biological Materials

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John H. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Chemical Stabilization ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Radio Telescopes

With information processing devices such as radio telescopes, microscopes or hi-fi systems, the quality of the output often is limited by distortion or noise introduced at the input stage of the device. This analogy can be extended usefully to specimen preparation for the electron microscope; fixation, which initiates the processing sequence, is the single most important step and, unfortunately, is the least well understood. Although there is an abundance of fixation mixtures recommended in the light microscopy literature, osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde are favored for electron microscopy. These fixatives react vigorously with proteins at the molecular level. There is clear evidence for the cross-linking of proteins both by osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde and cross-linking may be a necessary if not sufficient condition to define fixatives as a class.

Qualitative Case Study Research Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Tetnowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Real World ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Study Research

Qualitative case study research can be a valuable tool for answering complex, real-world questions. This method is often misunderstood or neglected due to a lack of understanding by researchers and reviewers. This tutorial defines the characteristics of qualitative case study research and its application to a broader understanding of stuttering that cannot be defined through other methodologies. This article will describe ways that data can be collected and analyzed.

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