scholarly journals Some aspects of long-term testing of cogeneration set fueled with biogas

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Janusz SEMIKOW ◽  
Jakub SUMERA
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Silicon Compounds ◽  
Purchasing Cost ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
The Impact

Article presents the results of long-term testing of prototype of 64 kVA biogas cogeneration set (CHP – Combined Heat and Power), build with support of financial means from the MCP R&D program 1 2 1. Between others, the impact of fueling with biogas from the sewage treatment plant on the engine oil has been investigated. Used oil analyses unveiled adverse presence of silicon compounds, i.e. siloxanes, permissible level of which (according to MAN standard) was exceeded several times. In order to reduce these compounds, prototype biogas filter based on activated carbon has been developed. Based on initial calculations, overall efficiency of this cogeneration set is circa 70%. For the consumer needs, the entire installation is enclosed in a compact soundproof canopy. Besides environmental merits, the cogeneration set shows also economical advantages. If operating continuously, the gen-set CHP would produce electrical and heat power in an amount that its purchasing cost would be returned after about 12 months, under condition of having biogas.

Anthropogenic changes to a billabong in New South Wales. 1. Lagoon evolution and phosphorus dynamics

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Donnelly ◽  
P. W. Ford ◽  
D. McGregor ◽  
D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean

Anthropogenic changes detected in the sediment of a shallow (~1.6 m) billabong (Horseshoe Lagoon) are the result of a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) connection in 1958 and catchment urbanization around 1974. Nutrient-rich water caused the collapse of macrophyte populations, algal blooms became common, and urbanization increased sediment deposition (~1 cm year −1 ). Changes in P retention were investigated by using dated cores, pore-water element profiles, and water quality records. The lagoon is the last of three STP holding ponds. Ponds 1 and 2 were sand-mining pits; they receive no sediment input and have negligible P adsorption. The Fe:P ratios in sediments from three Australian rivers have a common slope and this relationship was used to examine Fe:P ratios in the anoxic bottom sediments of the lagoon. A potential for effluent P adsorption developed in the lagoon through Fe mobilization and enrichment in the upper sediments and a strong clay–Fe–P association. The mean long- term P adsorption in the lagoon (35±18%) was the result of maintaining clay input to an oxic waterbody. Bacterial sulfate reduction is the main process decreasing available Fe for effluent P adsorption. Appropriately designed systems could expect to maintain effluent P adsorption efficiencies of around 70%.

scholarly journals Ciliated protozoa in the impact zone of the Uzhgorod treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 02008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodimir Pliashechnyk ◽  
Yaroslav Danko ◽  
Grzegorz Łagód ◽  
Jakub Drewnowski ◽  
Tatiana Kuzmina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ciliate Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of studies on the Uzh River (Ukraine, Zakarpattia Oblast) near the effluent point of a sewage treatment plant in Uzhgorod. The samples were taken at various sites of the treatment plant along the stages of purification process, as well as in the river, at a number of different points above and below the wastewater discharge. At each of these objects, the temperature and O2 were measured. The structure of ciliate assemblage was analyzed along the stages of the treatment process in the WWTP and in the river before and after the sewage discharge. A total of 26 ciliate taxa were observed and included in the analysis. All the studied stations were considered as a continuum in which populations of protozoa spread freely according to their ecological preferences. The majority of ciliate species were encountered in each of the examined stations, but their quantitative development differed significantly, reflecting their response to the environmental conditions at the stations. The analysis of the qualitative and quantitative distribution of ciliate populations by the stations enabled to group them in respect to the peculiarities of the local conditions. The study showed that the majority of the ciliate species, typical of bioreactors, are equally common at the stations of the Uzh River below wastewater discharges. The ciliate assemblage in the oxygen gradient demonstrated a wide spectrum of ecological tolerance at the species level. These findings confirm that ciliates are very good indicators of the environmental quality, provided that detailed information about their environmental priorities is available.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of explanatory variables on the accuracy of prediction of daily inflow to the sewage treatment plant by selected models nonlinear

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Szeląg ◽  
Lidia Bartkiewicz ◽  
Jan Studziński ◽  
Krzysztof Barbusiński
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of applying different methods of data mining to model the inflow of sewage into the municipal sewage treatment plant. Prediction models were elaborated using methods of support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) and of Kernel regression (K). Data consisted of the time series of daily rainfalls, water level measurements in the clarified sewage recipient and the wastewater inflow into the Rzeszow city plant. Results indicate that the best models with one input delayed by 1 day were obtained using the k-NN method while the worst with the K method. For the models with two input variables and one explanatory one the smallest errors were obtained if model inputs were sewage inflow and rainfall data delayed by 1 day and the best fit is provided using RF method while the worst with the K method. In the case of models with three inputs and two explanatory variables, the best results were reported for the SVM and the worst for the K method. In the most of the modelling runs the smallest prediction errors are obtained using the SVM method and the biggest ones with the K method. In the case of the simplest model with one input delayed by 1 day the best results are provided using k-NN method and by the models with two inputs in two modelling runs the RF method appeared as the best.

scholarly journals Influence of storms on the emission of pollutants from sewage into waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Suchowska-Kisielewicz ◽  
Ireneusz Nowogoński
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDuring heavy precipitation, chemical and biological pollutants from urban and agricultural areas enter the waters from storm overflows as a result of infiltration and inflow, as well as via uncontrolled outflows from water treatment plants. Infiltration and inflow of rainwater into sewers is an especially popular and major worldwide problem. Climate forecasts indicate changes in climatic conditions towards an increase in the intensity and frequency of torrential rainfalls. It may therefore be assumed that the negative impact of rainwater on water quality will increase. This article attempts to address the question of the impact of pollution from wastewater introduced into water during rainy weather to the receiver. The assessment of the impact of rainfalls on a receiver was carried out on the basis of a simulation of pollution loads from sewage introduced into a river by storm overflows based on data from monitoring the amount of rainfall and simulating the operation of storm overflows using Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM). The obtained results were compared with the pollutant loads discharged at the same time from the sewage treatment plant (STP). In addition, the article assesses possible improvement solutions to reduce the negative impact of storm overflows on water.

scholarly journals A Case Study on the Electricity Generation Using a Micro Gas Turbine Fuelled by Biogas from a Sewage Treatment Plant

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chi Chang ◽  
Manh Van Do ◽  
Wei-Li Hsu ◽  
Bo-Liang Liu ◽  
Ching-Yuan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Load

Combined heat and power production from biogas is now playing an important role in energy and resource utilization as well as pollution control in waste water treatment. This research used biogas from the Bali Sewage Treatment Plant in New Taipei City, Taiwan, as a major source of fuel for the electricity generation. A micro gas turbine electricity generator, Capstone CR-30, which possesses a maximum rated power load (PWL) of 30 kW, was equipped to convert biogas into electricity. The biogas is mainly composed of CH4 (56.1 ± 8.0 vol.%), CO2 (25.5 ± 9.8 vol.%), H2 (0.5 vol.%), and H2S (0.99 ± 0.07 ppmv). During the test operation period of the generator, it was found that the thermal efficiency increases from 19.8% to 23.4% kWhe/kWhth, while the electricity generation efficiency (ηEB) also rises from 0.93 to 1.09 kWhe/m3 biogas as the PWL increases from 10 kW to 30 kW. The results indicated that the generator has a better performance with higher PWL. At PWL = 30 kW, the average adjusted concentrations of CO and NOx (adjusted to 15 vol.% O2) emitted from the generator are 86 ppmv and 17 ppmv, respectively. Both are much lower than the emission standards of stationary sources in Taiwan of 2000 ppmv and 150 ppmv, respectively. Thus, PWL of 30 kW was selected in cooperation with biogas inflow = 0.412 m3/min and air/fuel ratio (i.e., air/biogas ratio) = 76.0 vol./vol. for the long-term regular operation. At the above setting conditions for long-term operation, the generator continuously consumed the biogas and provided stable electricity generation at a rate of 19.64 kWhe/h for a 2-year running period. Moreover, the greenhouse gas can be cut off with a rate of 10.78 kg CO2e/h when using biogas as fuel for electricity generation. Overall, this research proves that the application of a micro gas turbine electricity generator not only has promising performance for using biogas but also gives a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emission, which fits the concepts of the circular economy and environmental protection.

CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION IN JINHAE BAY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
In-Cheol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Intertidal Flat ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Jinhae Bay

For the better understanding of long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay after establishment of special law, we analyzed the archive data monitored in Jinhae Bay during the last 17 years (1997-2013). And change on fish catch due to the variations of water quality was investigated. A marked decrease in the number of red tide occurrence is due to the effectiveness of the law and sewage treatment plant that has targeted the reduction of COD in the effluent water since early 2000. Although the improvement of water quality, increase in fishery production was not observed in Jinhae Bay. For the recovery of fishery production, processes for restoration of entire ecosystem such as restoration of artificial intertidal flat and seaweed bed and remediation of organic-rich sea bed should be accompanied with improvement of water quality.

scholarly journals Ecological Processes Affecting Long-Term Eukaryote and Prokaryote Biofilm Persistence in Nitrogen Removal from Sewage

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Leena Angell ◽  
Linda Bergaust ◽  
Jon Fredrik Hanssen ◽  
Else Marie Aasen ◽  
Knut Rudi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Factors Affecting

The factors affecting long-term biofilm stability in sewage treatment remain largely unexplored. We therefore analyzed moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs) biofilm composition and function two years apart from four reactors in a nitrogen-removal sewage treatment plant. Multivariate ANOVA revealed a similar prokaryote microbiota composition on biofilm carriers from the same reactors, where reactor explained 84.6% of the variance, and year only explained 1.5%. Eukaryotes showed a less similar composition with reactor explaining 56.8% of the variance and year 9.4%. Downstream effects were also more pronounced for eukaryotes than prokaryotes. For prokaryotes, carbon source emerged as a potential factor for deterministic assembly. In the two reactors with methanol as a carbon source, the bacterial genus Methylotenera dominated, with M. versatilis as the most abundant species. M. versatilis showed large lineage diversity. The lineages mainly differed with respect to potential terminal electron acceptor usage (nitrogen oxides and oxygen). Searches in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database indicate a global distribution of the M. versatilis strains, with methane-containing sediments as the main habitat. Taken together, our results support long-term prokaryote biofilm persistence, while eukaryotes were less persistent.

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