scholarly journals Testing and evaluating real driving emissions with PEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Jan CZERWINSKI ◽  
Yan ZIMMERLI ◽  
Andreas HÜSSY ◽  
Danilo ENGELMANN ◽  
Peter BONSACK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Type Approval ◽  
University Of Applied Sciences ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Type

Testing of real driving emissions (RDE) with portable emission measuring system (PEMS) in an appropriate road circuit became an obligatory element of new type approval of passenger cars since September 2017. In several projects the Laboratory for Exhaust Emissions Control (AFHB) of the Berne University of Applied Sciences (BFH) performed comparisons on passenger cars with different PEMS’s on chassis dynamometer and on road, considering the quality and the correlations of results. Particle number measuring systems (PN PEMS) were also included in the tests. The present paper informs about influences of E85 on RDE on two flex-fuel-vehicles, discusses some aspects of different ways of evaluation with different programs, shows comparison of different types of PN PEMS and represents the effects of simulation of slope on the chassis dynamometer.

scholarly journals A Custom-made MATLAB Based Software to Manage Leakage Current Waveforms

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pylarinos
Keyword(s):  
Leakage Current ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Current Waveform ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Outdoor Insulators ◽  
User Friendly

Leakage current (LC) monitoring is a widely employed tool for monitoring the performance of high voltage insulators. LC waveform monitoring is required to acquire a view of the phenomena experienced since the type of LC waveform’s shape is correlated with different types of electrical activity. In case of field monitoring, specially designed measuring systems, capable of operating under field conditions, have to be installed. The Greek Public Power Corporation (PPC) has issued a large project for monitoring the performance of outdoor insulators. A commercially available LC measuring system, was purchased and installed by PPC. The system was able to monitor various outdoor insulators, record several statistical values and intermittently record a LC waveform. The provided software lacked some capabilities that were required for certain research areas and a custom made software had to be developed. In this paper, two stand-alone MATLAB based softwares, “Leakage Current Waveform File Converter” and “Leakage Current Waveform Viewer”, both equipped with a user friendly GUI, are presented. The first software was developed in order to automatically convert multiple files from the CSV format (as extracted from the measuring system) to the MAT format in order to allow data compactness and further processing. The latter software was developed in order to offer a tool for collective viewing, printing and extraction to JPEG format, of LC waveforms in groups of user-defined numbers. The latter function gives the opportunity for easy and fast creation of waveform archives.

scholarly journals Testing emissions of passenger cars in laboratory and on-road (PEMS, RDE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Jan Czerwiński ◽  
Pierre Comte ◽  
Yan Zimmerli ◽  
Felix Reutimann
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Vehicle Seat

In the present paper, the results and experiences of testing different PEMS on the chassis dynamometer and on-road are presented. In the first part of work the measuring systems were installed on the same vehicle (Seat Leon 1.4 TSI ST) and the results were compared on the chassis dynamometer in the standard test cycles: NEDC, WLTC and CADC. In the second part of work the nanoparticle emissions of three Diesel cars were measured with PN-PEMS. PN-PEMS showed an excellent correlations with CPC in the tests on chassis dynamometer and it indicated very well the efficiency of DPF in eliminating the nanoparticles in real world driving.

UNIQUE LIQUID CARGO HANDLING SIMULATOR IN FINLAND

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Anne Fransas
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
European Union ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
University Of Applied Sciences ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Studies

ABSTRACT Most of the hazardous incidents and accidents in liquid terminals occur during the cargo handling operations, i.e. tanker loading and discharging. The main reason of these incidents is lack of cooperation and communication between the terminal and the ship. Kymenlaakson ammattikorkeakoulu, University of Applied Sciences (UAS) and the Kymenlaakso Region in Southeast Finland aim to improve the operational safety in tanker terminals. One example of this is the Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator located in Kotka in the Seafaring and Logistics Department of Kymenlaakso UAS. The simulator unit consists of two parts, the tanker and the terminal simulator, which are integrated together. In case of oil spill accidents it is possible to train oil combating with the help of PISCESII Oil Spill Management Simulator which is also on part of this unit. The simulator enables the practice of the loading and discharging of different types of tankers and railway wagons. The training aims to teach routine practises as well as safety practises in certain risk situations. It includes also the theoretical part and it is directed at all personnel and students of the field who deal with liquid cargoes in ports. The simulator will be used in the basic studies of Kymenlaakson ammattikorkeakoulu UAS, as part of course activities, and in the training of its personnel and interest groups. The production of the Kymenlaakso University of Applied Sciences’ simulator programme is carried out by Transas from St. Petersburg, a world-leading developer and supplier of Information Technology solutions for the maritime industry. Neste Oil, Port of Porvoo, also contributed to the project. The liquid terminal simulator project is financed by European Union, State Provincial Office of Southern Finland, Kymenlaakson ammattikorkeakoulu, Crystal Pool Ltd, Port of H amina Ltd, Vopak Chemicals Logistics Finland Oy, Neste Oil Oy, Kauko-Telko Oy, SGS Inspection Services Oy, and Baltic Tank Oy.

Studying changes in the electrical resistance of carbon-nanotubes-modified elastomers during their compression, stretching and torsion

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
V. S. Yagubov ◽  
A. V. Shchegolkov ◽  
A. V. Shchegolkov ◽  
N. R. Memetov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Elastomer Composites

Developing "smart" materials with improved both structural and functional characteristics is one of the promising areas of materials science. Measuring the electrical resistance of CNTs-modified (various mass contents) polymers and in particular, elastomers during performing several tests (compression, stretching, and torsion) at a constant current is relevant in electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, aviation, and space industry. Changes in the elastomer shape under different types of testing lead to the destruction of macromolecules and the structuring of the material as a whole. Therefore, it is important to study the effect of CNTsbased modifying fillers on the elastomer. When compressing, stretching or twisting the nano-modified elastomer, along with the mutual movement of its macromolecular fragments and aggregates, the modifier particles also move, which generally determines the transport of electrons in the resulting structure and affects the physical and mechanical parameters of the composite material. To conduct studies, elastomers containing different amounts of a CNTs-based modifying filler were prepared. To investigate and elucidate relevant dependencies, a measuring system (MS) was constructed, which makes it possible to determine electrical resistance values of the composite material with different CNTs contents in the polymer matrix composition exposed to various mechanical loads. Basing the research results, it was established that the electrical resistance of the elastomer composites modified with 1.0–2.5 wt.% CNTs decreases when compressing from 0 to 100 N, whereas when the compression force ranges from 100 to 350 N, the electrical resistance remains unchanged. When the elastomer composites modified with 2–2.5 wt.% CNTs were stretched by 30–40 %, the electrical resistance was found to increase from 5·103 to 1.9·107 Ω.

Homing Sensor System Design for a 2D Long Range Nanopositioning Moving Platform

2014 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Acero Cacho ◽  
Jose Antonio Albajez ◽  
José Antonio Yagüe-Fabra ◽  
Marta Torralba ◽  
Margarita Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor System ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Precision Measuring ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Moving Platform ◽  
Sensor System Design

The nanotechnology field has been developing strongly in recent years and ultra-precision measuring systems are nowadays required. A new two-dimensional moving platform with 50x50 mm range of travel, nanometer resolution and sub micrometer accuracy is being designed by the authors in order to be integrated with an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). In this work the definition, design and experimental characterization of a homing sensor system for this 2D moving platform is presented. The homing sensor system will allow the generation of an absolute 2D reference for the platform (X-Y axis and θz rotation), defining an initial cero for the measuring system, which is based on laser encoders.

Kropparnas poesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Anna-Klara Bojö
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Literary History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Type

The Bodies’ Poetry: Eva Runefelt, Eva Ström and Swedish Poetry in the Late 1970’s In the mid 1970’s a new type of poetry, associated with the body, emerged in Sweden. Especially young women writers appeared to take Swedish poetry in new aesthetic directions, exploring questions regarding experience and language. This article focuses on two prominent writers, Eva Runefelt and Eva Ström, and discusses how their different types of poetry can be said to be a bodies’ poetry, and how it was discussed in contemporary literary critique. It also reflects on why this strand of poetry has been granted such a peripheral place in literary history.

FH Münster University of Applied Sciences / Vietnamese Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Cu Si
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Applied Sciences ◽  
The Road ◽  
University Of Applied Sciences

FH Münster University of Applied Sciences; Lib holding: Item - The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road

scholarly journals A Review on a Straight Bevel Gear Made from Composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidar F. AL-Qrimli ◽  
Karam S. Khalid ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelrhman ◽  
Roaad K. Mohammed A ◽  
Husam M. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Bevel Gear ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Straight Bevel Gear ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Type ◽  
New Form ◽  
Material Composite

The purpose of this work is to present a clear fundamental thought for designing and investigating straight bevel gear made of composite material. Composite materials have the advantage of being light, producing low noises, and extra loading capacities. Due to these properties, it is highly preferable over conventional materials. A comparison between different types of material used in a gear structure will be shown. The outcome shows that a new form of cheap material may be useful for designing a new type of lighter and stiffer gear, designed for robotic arm applications or any power transmission application.

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