scholarly journals Hybrid electric vehicle drives fitted with combustion engines

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Antoni SZUMANOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Drive ◽  
Special Stress ◽  
Planetary Transmission

Two generic types of hybrid drive fitted with Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) have been considered. The first type is a serial one. The second type is a parallel drive system represented by two subtypes: a compact hybrid drive with two degrees of freedom planetary transmission and a split-sectional drive. Based on example hybrid drives for city buses, a computer simulation is an appropriate method as a design tool. Special stress has been put on the compact hybrid drive with a planetary transmission, which seems to be the most advantageous. A serial hybrid drive has also been discussed in detail because currently this solution is the most common one applied in contemporary hybrid buses.

Minimizing Seat Track Vibration That is Caused by the Automatic Start/Stop of an Engine in a Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicle

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Ying Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Reaction Torque

The use of hybrid electric vehicles is an effective means of reducing pollution and improving fuel economy. Certain vehicle control strategies commonly automatically shut down or restart the internal combustion engines of hybrid vehicles to improve their fuel consumption. Such an engine autostart/stop is not engaged or controlled by the driver. Drivers often do not expect or prepare for noticeable vibrations, noise, or an unsmooth transition when the engine is autostarted/stopped. Unsmooth engine autostart/stop transitions can cause driveline vibrations, making the ride uncomfortable and the customer dissatisfied with the vehicle. This research simulates the dynamic behaviors associated with the neutral starting and stopping of a power-split hybrid vehicle. The seat track vibration results of analysis and hardware tests of the baseline control strategy are correlated. Several antivibration control strategies are studied. The results reveal that pulse cancellation and the use of a damper bypass clutch can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the engine block reaction torque and the vibration of the seat track by more than 70% during the autostarting and stopping of the engine. The initial crank angle can have an effect on the seat track vibration as well.

Waste Heat Recovery From Internal Combustion Engines: Feasibility Study on an Organic Rankine Cycle With Application to the Ohio State EcoCAR PHEV

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Skarke ◽  
Shawn Midlam-Mohler ◽  
Marcello Canova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Driving Conditions

This paper presents a feasibility analysis on the application of Organic Rankine Cycles as a Waste Heat Recovery system for automotive internal combustion engines. The analysis is conducted considering the Ohio State University EcoCAR, a student prototype plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, as a case study for preliminary fuel economy evaluation. Starting from a energy-based powertrain simulation model validated on experimental data from the prototype vehicle, a first and second-law analysis was conducted to identify the potential for engine waste heat recovery, considering a variety of driving cycles and assuming the vehicle operating in charge-sustaining (HEV) mode. Then, a quasi-static thermodynamic model of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) was designed, calibrated from data available in literature and optimized to fit the prototype vehicle. Simulations were then carried out to evaluate the amount of energy recovered by the ORC system, considering both urban and highway driving conditions. The results of the simulations show that a simple ORC system is able to recover up to 10% of the engine waste heat on highway driving conditions, corresponding to a potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption, with low penalization of the added weight to the vehicle electric range.

Analysis of Current Hybrid-Electric Automobile Drivetrains and Proposal of an Alternative Powertrain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ahn ◽  
Thomas S. Welles ◽  
Benjamin Akih-Kumgeh
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hybrid Configuration

Abstract Byproducts of fossil fuel combustion contribute to negative changes in the global climate. Specifically, emissions from automobiles are a major source of greenhouse gas pollution. Efforts to minimize these harmful emissions have led to the development and sustained improvement of hybrid drivetrains in automobiles. Despite many advancements, however, hybrid systems still face substantial challenges which bear on their practicality, performance, and competitive disadvantage in view of the low cost of today’s traditional internal combustion engines. These imperfections notwithstanding, hybrid electric vehicles have the potential to play significant roles in the future as cleaner transportation solutions. Actualization of this potential will depend on the ability of hybrid-electric vehicles to minimize their disadvantages while increasing their positive features relative to traditional combustion engines. This research investigates current hybrid electric architectures in automobiles with the aim of suggesting an alternative, more efficient hybrid configuration that utilizes current technology. This is completed by utilizing an iterative design process to compare how various components of existing hybrids can be combined and/or improved to develop a single, efficient and cohesive system that performs comparably to or surpasses existing ones in fuel efficiency and low emissions in all driving conditions. A critical and comparative analysis is provided based on current hybrid-electric vehicle architectures as well as a plausible alternative.

scholarly journals A design tool for the performances comparison of innovative energy systems for naval applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
D. Rattazzi ◽  
M. Rivarolo ◽  
T. Lamberti ◽  
L. Magistri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
Market Solutions ◽  
And Storage

This paper aims to develop a tool for the performances comparison of innovative energy systems on board ships, both for concentrated and distributed generation applications. In the first part of the study, the tool database has been developed throughout a wide analysis of the available market solutions in terms of energy generation devices (i.e. fuel cells, internal combustion engines, micro gas turbines), fuels (hydrogen, natural gas, diesel) and related storage technologies. Many of these data have been collected also thanks to the laboratory experience of the authors’ research group on different innovative energy systems. From the database, a wide range of maps has been created, correlating costs, volumes, weights and emissions with the installed power and the operational hours required, given by the user as input. The tool highlights the best solution according to the different relevance chosen by the user for each key parameter (i.e. costs, volumes, emissions). In the second part, two different case studies are presented in order to underline how the installed power, the different ship typology and the user requirements affect the choice of the best solution. It is worth noting that the methodology has a general value, as the tool can be applied to both the design of new ships, and to the retrofit of already existing ships in order to respect new requirements (e.g. more and more stringent normative in terms of pollutant emissions in ports and restricted areas). Furthermore, the database can be easily extended to other generation and storage technologies.

A Feasibility Study into the Use of Direct Injection of Exhaust Generated Steam for Improving the Efficiency of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines

1980 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
L. C. Hall ◽  
M. E. Saatci
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Three Stages

This paper reports on a study into the feasibility of generating steam, using the exhaust gases of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and expanding it in the cylinders of the engine to produce additional power without increasing the fuel consumption. The study was conducted in three stages; firstly an equivalent ideal thermodynamic cycle was analysed to examine the fundamental principles, secondly a computer simulation was carried out based on a particular engine, and thirdly an attempt was made to modify the engine and run it with steam injection. The results suggest that this proposal is thermodynamically sound and could in practice permit substantial gains in efficiency using relatively straightforward technology.

scholarly journals A Comparative Review on Energy Storage System for E-Transportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1760-1763
Author(s):  
R. Sugashini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Technological Improvement ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Index Terms

Abstract: Electric Vehicle is widely used with its technological improvement. It is superior to internal combustion engines in efficiency and simplicity. Energy Storage System (ESS) is a heart of electric vehicle though it faces challenges in storage capability. This paper is about the evaluation of different energy storage options for electric vehicle including the batteries, super-capacitors, and flywheel. This paper conveys a review of the energy storage systems with challenges, opportunities and future guidelines of EVs with energy storage. Suggest some of the options under study to increase storage capacity. The comparison of energy storage system carried out with the help of its parameters such as energy density, specific energy, lifecycle, efficiency. Index terms- Energy Storage System, batteries, supercapacitors, Electric Vehicle, flywheel

scholarly journals Gyroscopic Stabilization of Two Wheeled Electric Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Nuthan Kumar S V
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Paper Report ◽  
Control Moment Gyroscope ◽  
Control Moment ◽  
Gyroscopic Stabilization ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
Traction System

This paper report on research and fabrication of an electric vehicle prototype that will be capable of balancing itself without human effort. This vehicle will be implementing a control moment gyroscope for balancing purpose. The project also concerned about the environmental effects of conventional internal combustion Engines and to effectively use the alternative propulsion system which is electric traction system, where using Electric motors the vehicle is propelled. The system uses a control moment gyroscope to static balancing of the vehicle and using its angular momentum and precessional moment. Along with the fact that it uses a electric traction motor he implementation of new optimizations for power and mileage the efficiency is improved.

A robust torque control approach for gear shift of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle with dual clutch transmission

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Sooyoung Kim ◽  
Seibum Choi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Dual Clutch Transmission ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Shift Quality ◽  
Smoothing Effects ◽  
Hybrid Electric

This article proposes a robust control strategy for gear shifts of a parallel-type hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) equipped with a dry dual clutch transmission (DCT). A vehicle equipped with DCT requires accurate torque transfer control through the driveline during gear shifts to ensure good shift quality in the absence of smoothing effects from torque converter. Unlike conventional vehicles driven only by internal combustion engines, a HEV can utilize the drive motor to improve its gear shifting performances. In this article, an integrated torque and speed control strategy is developed to minimize the driveline oscillations that occur during gear shifts and to complete the shift as fast as the driver wants. A robust H-infinity controller is designed to control transmission output torque as well as clutch slip speed, particularly in inertia phase that mostly determines the total shift quality. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy as well as its robustness is verified by comparative studies using a proven vehicle model developed in MATLAB/SimDriveline.

Computer Simulation of the Behavior of the Piston Ring Pack of Internal Combustion Engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Peter Raffai ◽  
Pavel Novotný ◽  
Jozef Dlugoš
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Piston Ring Pack ◽  
Ring Pack

The continuously tightening regulations limiting the amount of exhaust gas components of internal combustion engines force the manufacturers to further increase the effectivity of their power units. Due to the already relatively highly-developed state of engines result in the need of research and development of even smaller engine parts – e.g. piston rings. The main aim of this project was to develop a tool for the computer simulation of the behavior of the piston ring pack, which could aid the optimization process of the piston ring pack towards lowered friction losses.

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