scholarly journals Tractive efficiency of a vehicle at variable speed

2011 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Wojciech SIŁKA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Consumption Values ◽  
Effective Efficiency ◽  
Tractive Efficiency

The paper presents the method and results of the car tractive efficiency comparative investigations. Both technical characteristics and fuel consumption values of numerous cars tested in the ECE simulated driving cycles were used as the input data. On the basis of the obtained data together with simulated tractive energy consumption the correlation between tractive efficiency and selected parameters of a vehicle were determined. The proposed method also allows indirect determination of the average engine effective efficiency of a vehicle at variable speed.

scholarly journals Review on Construction Procedures of Driving Cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-285
Author(s):  
Levente Czégé ◽  
Attila Vámosi ◽  
Imre Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
The Future ◽  
Evaluation Of Data

The goal of this paper is to give an overview of the literature of construction techniques of driving cycles. Our motivation for the overview is the future goal of constructing our own driving cycles for various types of vehicles and routes. This activity is part of a larger project focusing on determination of fuel and energy consumption by dynamic simulation of vehicles. Accordingly, the papers dealing with sample route determination, data collection and processing, driving cycle construction procedures, statistical evaluation of data are in our focus.

scholarly journals Influence of the main parameters of the car on fuel consumption in driving cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
A. A. Kolin ◽  
◽  
S. E. Silantyev ◽  
P. S. Rogov ◽  
S. A. Sergievsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Main Design ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Light Commercial Vehicle

The article presents the results of using the developed simulation model aimed at estimating the fuel consumption of a light commercial vehicle in road traffic cycles. There have been conducted virtual tests. The analysis of the influence of the main parameters of the car on fuel consumption in the NEDC and WLTC cycles is performed. There have been established numerical values of the average fuel consumption indicator through variation in the main design parameters. The distribution of energy consumption during the motion of the car is shown.

scholarly journals Comparison between calculated and billed building energy consumption values of schools and daycare centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02085
Author(s):  
Annu Ruusala ◽  
Anssi Laukkarinen ◽  
Juha Vinha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Daycare Centers ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Consumption Values ◽  
Building Simulations ◽  
Calculation Results

In many countries, building regulations set requirements for energy efficiency, which must be fulfilled in order to have a building permit. Because the actual building does not yet exist, the calculations are done in the early design phase with approximate input data. This paper presents results from dynamic whole-building simulations and compares the results to monthly calculation results, billed energy consumption and to a small number of central building energy efficiency parameters. According to the results, using a more sophisticated calculation tool does not necessarily improve the accuracy of the calculation results, if the capabilities of the tool are not properly utilised. Although there was a clear difference between the calculated and billed values, lower calculated energy consumption did correlate with lower billed values. Besides the need for extra effort to ensure accurate input data in general, input values related to infiltration and ventilation should be evaluated especially carefully.

Indirect Determination of Amikacin by Gold Nanoparticles as Redox Probe

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansureh Alizadeh ◽  
Mandana Amiri ◽  
Abolfazl Bezaatpour
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Cathodic Peak ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Tract Infections

: Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for many gram-negative bacterial infections like infections in the urinary tract, infections in brain, lungs and abdomen. Electrochemical determination of amikacin is a challenge in electroanalysis because it shows no voltammetric peak at the surface of bare electrodes. In this approach, a very simple and easy method for indirect voltammetric determination of amikacin presented in real samples. Gold nanoparticles were electrodeposited at the surface of glassy carbon electrode in constant potential. The effect of several parameters such as time and potential of deposition, pH and scan rates on signal were studied. The cathodic peak current of Au3+ decreased with increasing amikacin concentration. Quantitative analysis of amikacin was performed using differential pulse voltammetry by following cathodic peak current of gold ions. Two dynamic linear ranges of 1.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10-7 M and 5.0 × 10−7–1.0 × 10-3 M were obtained and limit of detection was estimated 3.0× 10−9 M. The method was successfully determined amikacin in pharmaceutical preparation and human serum. The effect of several interference in determination of amikacin was also studied.

Determination of Some Nitrophenols by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) After Extraction of Ionic Associates Involving the Bipyridylocopper(II) or Phenanthrolinocopper(II) Complex

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2227-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Stužka ◽  
Jaromír Souček
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Methyl Isobutyl ◽  
Isobutyl Ketone ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Ionic Associates

A new method has been developed for the indirect determination of nitroso- and nitrophenols by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after extraction of ionic associates involving bipyridylocopper(II) (CuDP) or phenanthrolinocopper(II) (CuPH) complexes. Nitrobenzene and methyl isobutyl ketone appeared to be suitable for the extraction. It was possible to determine several tenths to hundredths of a milligram of nitrophenol in a litre. Extractable associates with CuDP and CuPH are formed by phenols possessing two substituents or by higher molecular weight phenols such as naphthol or hydroxyquinoline. Monosubstituted phenols fail to form associates of this kind.

scholarly journals Management of Chipping Operations in Polish Forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Gendek ◽  
Monika Aniszewska ◽  
Witold Zychowicz ◽  
Tadeusz Moskalik ◽  
Jan Malaťák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Travel Distance ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
Work Site ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Machine Base

The aim of the research was to verify the impact of selected parameters on the efficiency and organization of chipper operations. The paper analyzes chipping operations in Polish forests with a focus on work site location, overnight chipper location, chipper workload per site, fuel consumption, and work shift duration, as all of these factors may affect operating efficiency. The mean chipper travel distance between sites during a shift ranged from 4.74 km to 9.5 km (chippers moved on average every other day). The mean work shift duration was 12.4 h. At the end of a shift, the chippers traveled on average from 4.2 km to 6.3 km to an overnight location. At the beginning of a workday, the chippers were dispatched to sites at a distance of 2.5 km to 4.0 km. The average fuel consumption of the forwarder-mounted chippers was 16 L/h and that of the truck-mounted chipper was 7.7 L/h. It was found that the following actions have a decisive influence on the effectiveness of the operation of the chippers: determination of the size of individual tasks and the deployment of successive forest areas, indication of the proper location of the machine base, and the method of accessing the forest area.

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