scholarly journals Moucherons piqueurs (Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides Latreille) rencontrés dans les fermes en Suède

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
S. A. Nielsen ◽  
B. O. Nielsen ◽  
J. Chirico
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Culicoides Species ◽  
Livestock Farms

In light of the emergence of bluetongue in Northern Europe, populations of Culicoides species were monitored in and around several Swedish livestock farms (surveillance in 2007 and 2008). The position of the sampling sites ranged from about latitude 55° N to about 68° N. Thirty-three Culicoides species were recorded, of which 30 were new to Sweden. The species recorded, and their relative abundance and spatial distribution on sites are detailed. Species incriminated as vectors of bluetongue virus were predominant.

scholarly journals An assessment ofCulicoidessurveillance techniques in northern Europe: have we underestimated a potential bluetongue virus vector?

2008 ◽  
pp. ???-??? ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Carpenter ◽  
Camille Szmaragd ◽  
James Barber ◽  
Karien Labuschagne ◽  
Simon Gubbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Northern Europe

The spatial distribution and relative abundance of gap-junctional connexin40 and connexin43 correlate to functional properties of components of the cardiac atrioventricular conduction system

1993 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Gourdie ◽  
N.J. Severs ◽  
C.R. Green ◽  
S. Rothery ◽  
P. Germroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Atrioventricular Conduction ◽  
Purkinje Fibre ◽  
Purkinje Fibres ◽  
Atrioventricular Bundle ◽  
Junctional Protein ◽  
Gap Junctional

Electrical coupling between heart muscle cells is mediated by specialised regions of sarcolemmal interaction termed gap junctions. In previous work, we have demonstrated that connexin42, a recently identified gap-junctional protein, is present in the specialised conduction tissues of the avian heart. In the present study, the spatial distribution of the mammalian homologue of this protein, connexin40, was examined using immunofluorescence, confocal scanning laser microscopy and quantitative digital image analysis in order to determine whether a parallel distribution occurs in rat. Connexin40 was detected by immunofluorescence in all main components of the atrioventricular conduction system including the atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, and Purkinje fibres. Quantitation revealed that levels of connexin40 immunofluorescence increased along the axis of atrioventricular conduction, rising over 10-fold between atrioventricular node and atrioventricular bundle and a further 10-fold between atrioventricular bundle and Purkinje fibres. Connexin40 and connexin43, the principal gap-junctional protein of the mammalian heart, were co-localised within atrioventricular nodal tissues and Purkinje fibres. By applying a novel photobleach/double-labelling protocol, it was demonstrated that connexin40 and connexin43 are co-localised in precisely the same Purkinje fibre myocytes. A model, integrating data on the spatial distribution and relative abundance of connexin40 and connexin43 in the heart, proposes how myocyte-type-specific patterns of connexin isform expression account for the electrical continuity of cardiac atrioventricular conduction.

scholarly journals Reliable and Standardized Animal Models to Study the Pathogenesis of Bluetongue and Schmallenberg Viruses in Ruminant Natural Host Species with Special Emphasis on Placental Crossing

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Ludovic Martinelle ◽  
Fabiana Dal Pozzo ◽  
Etienne Thiry ◽  
Kris De Clercq ◽  
Claude Saegerman
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Natural Host Species ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
The World ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Inoculum Preparation

Starting in 2006, bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV8) was responsible for a major epizootic in Western and Northern Europe. The magnitude and spread of the disease were surprisingly high and the control of BTV improved significantly with the marketing of BTV8 inactivated vaccines in 2008. During late summer of 2011, a first cluster of reduced milk yield, fever, and diarrhoea was reported in the Netherlands. Congenital malformations appeared in March 2012 and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was identified, becoming one of the very few orthobunyaviruses distributed in Europe. At the start of both epizootics, little was known about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these viruses in the European context and most assumptions were extrapolated based on other related viruses and/or other regions of the World. Standardized and repeatable models potentially mimicking clinical signs observed in the field are required to study the pathogenesis of these infections, and to clarify their ability to cross the placental barrier. This review presents some of the latest experimental designs for infectious disease challenges with BTV or SBV. Infectious doses, routes of infection, inoculum preparation, and origin are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the placental crossing associated with these two viruses.

Potential new Culicoides vector of bluetongue virus in northern Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 161 (16) ◽  
pp. 564-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Meiswinkel ◽  
P. van Rijn ◽  
P. Leijs ◽  
M. Goffredo
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe

Spatial distribution of Culicoides species in Portugal in relation to the transmission of African horse sickness and bluetongue viruses

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Capela ◽  
B. V. Purse ◽  
I. Pena ◽  
E. J. Wittman ◽  
Y. Margarita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
African Horse Sickness ◽  
Culicoides Species

Culicoides and the emergence of bluetongue virus in northern Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Carpenter ◽  
Anthony Wilson ◽  
Philip S. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe
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