Potential new Culicoides vector of bluetongue virus in northern Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 161 (16) ◽  
pp. 564-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Meiswinkel ◽  
P. van Rijn ◽  
P. Leijs ◽  
M. Goffredo
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe

scholarly journals An assessment ofCulicoidessurveillance techniques in northern Europe: have we underestimated a potential bluetongue virus vector?

2008 ◽  
pp. ???-??? ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Carpenter ◽  
Camille Szmaragd ◽  
James Barber ◽  
Karien Labuschagne ◽  
Simon Gubbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Northern Europe

scholarly journals Reliable and Standardized Animal Models to Study the Pathogenesis of Bluetongue and Schmallenberg Viruses in Ruminant Natural Host Species with Special Emphasis on Placental Crossing

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Ludovic Martinelle ◽  
Fabiana Dal Pozzo ◽  
Etienne Thiry ◽  
Kris De Clercq ◽  
Claude Saegerman
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Natural Host Species ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
The World ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Inoculum Preparation

Starting in 2006, bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV8) was responsible for a major epizootic in Western and Northern Europe. The magnitude and spread of the disease were surprisingly high and the control of BTV improved significantly with the marketing of BTV8 inactivated vaccines in 2008. During late summer of 2011, a first cluster of reduced milk yield, fever, and diarrhoea was reported in the Netherlands. Congenital malformations appeared in March 2012 and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was identified, becoming one of the very few orthobunyaviruses distributed in Europe. At the start of both epizootics, little was known about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these viruses in the European context and most assumptions were extrapolated based on other related viruses and/or other regions of the World. Standardized and repeatable models potentially mimicking clinical signs observed in the field are required to study the pathogenesis of these infections, and to clarify their ability to cross the placental barrier. This review presents some of the latest experimental designs for infectious disease challenges with BTV or SBV. Infectious doses, routes of infection, inoculum preparation, and origin are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the placental crossing associated with these two viruses.

Culicoides and the emergence of bluetongue virus in northern Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Carpenter ◽  
Anthony Wilson ◽  
Philip S. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe

scholarly journals Moucherons piqueurs (Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides Latreille) rencontrés dans les fermes en Suède

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
S. A. Nielsen ◽  
B. O. Nielsen ◽  
J. Chirico
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Culicoides Species ◽  
Livestock Farms

In light of the emergence of bluetongue in Northern Europe, populations of Culicoides species were monitored in and around several Swedish livestock farms (surveillance in 2007 and 2008). The position of the sampling sites ranged from about latitude 55° N to about 68° N. Thirty-three Culicoides species were recorded, of which 30 were new to Sweden. The species recorded, and their relative abundance and spatial distribution on sites are detailed. Species incriminated as vectors of bluetongue virus were predominant.

Exposure of protein VP7 on the surface of bluetongue virus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
A.D. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Outer Coat ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Antibody Recognition ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Physical Accessibility

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type species os the genus orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The virus has a fibrillar outer coat containing two major structural proteins VP2 and VP5 which surround an icosahedral core. The core contains two major proteins VP3 and VP7 and three minor proteins VP1, VP4 and VP6. Recent evidence has indicated that the core comprises a neucleoprotein center which is surrounded by two protein layers; VP7, a major constituent of capsomeres comprises the outer and VP3 the inner layer of the core . Antibodies to VP7 are currently used in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays and immuno-electron microscopical (JEM) tests for the detection of BTV. The tests involve the antibody recognition of VP7 on virus particles. In an attempt to understand how complete viruses can interact with antibodies to VP7 various antibody types and methodologies were utilized to determine the physical accessibility of the core to the external environment.

Umatilla Virus Association with Fibrils and Tubules in Cultured Cells

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 476-477
Author(s):  
Neil M. Foster ◽  
Ruth D. Breckon
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Intimate Association ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
In Cells

Macrotubules have been described1 in cells infected with Umatilla virus (UMAV), an orbivirus for which bluetongue virus (BTV) is the protype. Macrotubules, often in linear array, were observed in the cytoplasm and in intimate association with viroplasms of infected cells. Macrotubules had outside and inside diameters of 20 and 15 nm and many had dark-staining centers with diameters similar to the interiors of the tubules. UMAV was 60 nm and the RNA core was 30 nm in diameter. This report describes the association of UMAV with macrotubules and two types of microtubules.

Preclinical operative dentistry courses in northern Europe and Scandinavia

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
NH Wilson ◽  
A Richards ◽  
J Laverock ◽  
MS Purkiss
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Operative Dentistry

PCB Check-Up In Northern Europe

2010 ◽  
pp. 100080510134803
Author(s):  
Valerie Brown
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe
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