scholarly journals Integral Waste Management in Primary Health Care centers: A Case Study in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-355
Author(s):  
Rosa Llisel Ocampo Escobedo ◽  
Christian S. Ortiz-Chacha ◽  
Wanda María Risso Günther ◽  
Rosa Aurora Azamar Arismendi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Model Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Objective: This paper aims to describe waste management in primary health care centers located in the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, as a model case for developing countries. Material and methods: A observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was made up of the seven primary healthcare centers located in the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz, México. Data collection was carried out with a checklist designed according to the current legislation for the primary health care centers. Results: The global percentage of compliance was 55%, with variation between 47% and 63%. The stage of identification, separation and packaging recorded the highest percentage of compliance, while the temporary storage showed a lower percentage. Conclusion: The waste management in primary health care centers resulted in a level of compliance ranging from low to medium, which suggests the need for specific actions in order to improve waste management in health centers.

scholarly journals Barriers of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gassem Gohal ◽  
Mai Mohamed Elhassan Mustafa ◽  
Ali Ali Ahmed Al-makramani ◽  
Amani Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Elsharief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Knowledge ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Abstract Background: Breastfeeding is considered the optimal infant feeding method with numerous benefits for both mother and infant. This study aims to assess breastfeeding Knowledge and determine barriers to exclusive breastfeeding among mothers attending the Primary Health Care Centers in Jazan City. The scope of this research is to suggest a strategy for encouraging mothers in Jazan for the crucial needs for exclusive breastfeeding and overcoming the barriers of breastfeeding.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that included all mothers attending the PHC center. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis using the student T-test and ANOVA Test.Results: Most study participants understand breastfeeding's health benefits for babies and mothers, but most believe that synthetic milk is the best alternative for working mothers' to feed their babies. 66.7% of mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of the child's life, and only 28.9% continued exclusive breastfeeding for six months. During the first six months of the child's life, exclusive breastfeeding shows a significant relationship with breastfeeding knowledge and barriers. Sixty percent of mothers have ever had any information about breastfeeding; those who knew the primary source were from their mothers and only 31.4% from hospital staff. Most of the respondents did not agree with the statements given to them as exclusive breastfeeding barriers, which grabs attention to an unexpected response.Conclusions: Most participants have good knowledge concerning breastfeeding benefits for both the mother and infants and disagreed on the mentioned barriers for exclusive breastfeeding that include lack of breastmilk, feel of Fatigue and tiredness, High household burdens, Father does not encourage breastfeeding, use of birth contraception, embarrassment of breastfeeding in public and in front of family members, lack of information and sufficient support and guidance on the importance of B.F., working conditions, bad smell of the nursing mother, transmission of diseases from mother to the child. Health care professionals should actively work hard to encourage mothers, raise their awareness and find the root cause for low exclusive breastfeeding practice rates.

scholarly journals The Burden of Disease and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Preschool Children Attending the Well-Baby Clinic in the National Guard Primary Health Care Centers in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 940-947
Author(s):  
Razaz Mohammed Wali ◽  
Abdulaziz Saeed Baghlaf ◽  
Abdulaziz Abdullah Almehmadi ◽  
Mohanad Gharmallah Alzahrani ◽  
Obada Tarik Fathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Aims: To estimate the burden and risk factor of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in preschool children attending well-baby clinics in primary health care centers of the National Guard in Jeddah. Study Design: Cross Sectional study design Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the primary health care centers of the National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which are the specialized polyclinic namely Iskan clinic district and Bahra Clinic. The study was started on 26 September, 2018 to January 2020. Methodology: A cross-sectional study included all preschool children aged 2-5 years attending well-baby clinics. Data were collected by distributing a self-developed and validated questionnaire to parents or guardians in waiting areas outside the well-baby clinics. Results: A total of 286 participants met the inclusion criteria. Anemia was found in 9.8% children. The prevalence of IDA among the participants was only 6.3%, but it was the most common compared to other types of anemia. The only findings that were found statistically significant with anemia were family history (P = 0.001) and use of supplement (P = 0.000). Conclusion: IDA is still the most prevalent type of anemia; however, it was found in only 6.3% participants. The only statistically significant factors associated with anemia were positive family history and supplement intake.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Adherence of Primary Health Care Centers in Gaza Strip to the WHO-PEN Protocol 1: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in the general population, affecting many of adults above 40 years of age. It is a multi-factorial disease. Some risk factors; such as family history, gender, ethnicity and age cannot be changed. Other risk factors are modifiable including high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. Patients will not necessarily develop cardiovascular disease if they have a risk factor. But the more risk factors they have the greater the likelihood that they will, unless protective measures and actions are taken to modify their risk factors and work to prevent them compromising their heart health. Objectives: The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the adherence of major primary health care centers to the WHO-PEN Protocol 1, Package of essential noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions for primary health care, recommendations;and to provide more accurate estimate of cardiovascular risk using hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and tobacco use as entry points. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 200 patients who were already diagnosed with NCDs was conducted atprimary health care centers. Data was collected retrospectively using a self-designed questionnaire based on the WHO- PEN checklist. Patients’ files were selected randomly. Results: Based on the analysis of whole cohort (200 cases). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 39% and hypertension was 28.5%, whereas 32.5% had both. There were only 17 smokers among patients representing 8.5% of the sample. Using WHO/ISH, WHO/International Society of Hypertension, Risk prediction charts; half of patients were in the tenyear cardiovascular risk category of less than 10%. On the other hand, 5% had a ten-year cardiovascular risk over 40%.49% of patients had a first-degree family history of heart disease? All patients were counseled on diet, exercise and smoking cessation. Conclusion: These results demonstrate high adherence to the WHO-PEN protocol in these two centers reflecting a high quality of care and follow-up. Furthermore, the medical records were fully filled with adequate information for each item. However, there were some deficiencies in the risk estimation, which should be documented for better counseling for patients with high risk.

scholarly journals Level of Knowledge on Stroke and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study at Primary Health Care Centers in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kharbach ◽  
Majdouline Obtel ◽  
Abderrahmane Achbani ◽  
Youssef Bouchriti ◽  
Kenza Hassouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Practice and Opinion of Doctors in Primary Health Care Centers Toward Referral System: Samples from Nine Governorates in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Sahar Abdul Hassan Al-Shatari ◽  
Lamyaa Ali Hasan ◽  
Ziyad Tarik Maki Shwaish ◽  
Ali A.K. Abutiheen ◽  
Taghlub Hemmed Ryhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Analytic Elements ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Background: Most primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Iraq have a referral system records; however, this mechanism does not function well because of the lack of other requirements for an efficient referral system. Objective: To assess the practice & opinion of doctors in PHCs toward the referral system, and to determine the doctors in PHC's commitment to referral system instructions and guidelines. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study with analytic elements was conducted in nine health directorates in Iraq, from the 1st October 2018 – 30th June 2019.One PHC was selected randomly form each sector in every governorate, A questionnaire was used to collect the required information. SPSS version 24 analysis was used for the statistical analysis. Results:  sixty-three doctors were working in PHCs had participated in the current study, the mean age (40.03 ±10.24), 58.7%were female, 46% were general practitioner, 30.2% of the participated doctors had 300 and less patient/month; 31.7% of doctors had ≤10 Patients referred/month, emergencies was the main cause for referral (46.03%), and 37(58.37%) of doctors announced that the referred-form not retrained to the PHC, and ever retrained-forms had no feedback 29(46%), 28(44%)of the participated doctors agreed that the current referral-system was effective and seven of them strongly agreed, 59(93.7%) believe in the importance of hospital-feedback, with a significant relationship between their attitude about the effective-current-referral system & Refer cases Percentage, while no significant-relation with their Patients examined/month. Loaded crowded and hospital doctors shortage as possible causes and suggest to referral-system activation especially the hospital -part". Conclusions: there was inadequate knowledge of referral-policies and lack of coordination or/and clear feedback-expectations and PHCs-hospitals collaboration and lack of referral-system integrated within an electronic-health-record.

scholarly journals Knowledge or ignorance about correct use of inhalers among physicians in Primary Health Care Centers in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Marina Fišeković-Kremić
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inhalation Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Introduction. In daily use, a large majority of patients make inhalation errors. Primary health care doctors have an important role in preventing improper use of inhalers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge regarding the correct use of inhalers among physicians who work in primary health care centers as well as to evaluate the method of acquiring knowledge regarding an adequate inhalation technique. Methods. The research belonged to a cross sectional study, conducted on March 2019., in Belgrade, Serbia. The sample consisted of physicians who work in primary health care centers in Serbia. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The results were shown by parameters of descriptive statistics. The difference in the number of points among the two groups and other variables were tested by means of X2 test. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Results. The survey included 364 physicians in primary health care. 86.5% of them were female respondents. The mean work experience was 19 ± 11.22 years. In half of respondents family medicine was the scope of specialty (53%). The majority of respondents acquired knowledge about the correct use of inhalers by participating in lectures and workshops (50.3%). It was found that the physicians possessed an unsatisfactory level of knowledge. Conclusion. Primary health care physicians possess inadequate knowledge and skills concerning the proper use of inhalers. Lectures and workshops are not sufficient enough to educate doctors concerning the use of inhalers.

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