Bacterial Colonization of the Implant–Abutment Interface Using an In Vitro Dynamic Loading Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theofilos Koutouzis ◽  
Shannon Wallet ◽  
Nadia Calderon ◽  
Tord Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Implant Abutment

scholarly journals Impact of Dynamic Loading on the Implant-abutment Interface Using a Gas-enhanced Permeation Test In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Anas Al-Jadaa ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Timo Peltomäki ◽  
Christian Heumann ◽  
Patrick Roger Schmidlin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Leakage Resistance ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Bacterial Leakage ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Permeation Test

Purpose : To assess implant leakage under static conditions as well as during and after dynamic loading. Materials and methods : Implants (Astra Tech (A), Biomet 3i (B) and Nobel Biocare (C)) were evaluated for leakage (n=8/group). Testing to assess the gas pressure change over time (hPa/min) and infiltrated fluid volume, was performed in a Gas Enhanced Permeation Test (GEPT) to qualify embedding. Implant apexes were then drilled, abutments were mounted and resin build-ups were fabricated. GEPT was reassessed. Samples were afterward mounted in a computer-controlled masticator while tested to bacterial leakage, they were daily observed for turbidity. Samples were then reassessed using GEPT. Dunnett's and Fisher's exact tests were utilized to compare implant and to analyze bacterial leakage. Results : Significant differences in GEPT values were shown after loading (p=0.034). Leakage resistance was best for B when compared to C (p=0.023). Samples with higher GEPT values demonstrated earlier bacterial leakage, occurring after 1 or 2 days (A=4, B=0, C=6) and showing favorability for implant system B (p=0.009). Conclusion : Implants leaking under static conditions had increased potential for bacterial leakage under dynamic conditions. As strongly correlating to sophisticated analytical methods, GEPT is a promising technique for assessing the overall implant system leakage resistance.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Manual Torque Values Applied to Implant-Abutment Complex by Different Clinicians and Abutment Screw Loosening

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Dincer Kose ◽  
Burcin Karataslı ◽  
Sabit Demircan ◽  
Taha Emre Kose ◽  
Erhan Cene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Screw Loosening ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Torque Wrench ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Abutment Screw

Preload is applied to screws manually or using a torque wrench in dental implant systems, and the preload applied must be appropriate for the purpose. The aim of this study was to assess screw loosening and bending/torsional moments applied by clinicians of various specialties following application of manual tightening torque to combinations of implants and abutments. Ten-millimeter implants of 3.7 and 4.1 mm diameters and standard or solid abutments were used. Each group contained five implant-abutment combinations. The control and experimental groups comprised 20 and 160 specimens, respectively. Implants in the experimental group were tightened by dentists of different specialties. Torsional and bending moments during tightening were measured using a strain gauge. Control group and implants with preload values close to the ideal preload were subjected to a dynamic loading test at 150 N, 15 Hz, and 85,000 cycles. The implants that deformed in this test were examined using an optical microscope to assess deformities. Manual tightening did not yield the manufacturer-recommended preload values. Dynamic loading testing suggested early screw loosening/fracture in samples with insufficient preload.

Dynamic and static load performance of dental biomaterial systems with conical implant-abutment connections

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Mehmet Can Basgil ◽  
Cem Kurtoglu ◽  
Koray Soygun ◽  
Yunus Uslan ◽  
Teyfik Demi̇r
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Implant System

BACKGROUND: The stability of the implant-abutment interface is an important factor that influences load distribution on the marginal bone. OBJECTIVE: In this study, three dental implants with the same connection were subjected to different dynamic loading cycles. The fracture strengths and the horizontal compatibility of implants were assessed. METHODS: Eighty four implant specimens were embedded in a polyacetal cylinder as simulated bone loss of 3 mm from the implant platform. Three of the implants were used to determine the endurance limit. The other specimens were subdivided into four subgroups (n = 6): three for dynamic + static loading, and one for static loading (control group). The tests were performed by applying a compression load. The dynamic loading experiments included three different cycles with endurance upper limit loads at a frequency of 10 Hz. RESULTS: The differences between the fracture strength values of the implant brands were found to be statistically significant. However, there were no meaningful differences between the fracture strength values of implants of the same brand. The specimens of the DTI implant system had the lowest strength (647.9 ± 41.5 N) and the SEM analysis indicated that the Implantium implant system had the shortest horizontal gaps. CONCLUSIONS: There was a negative correlation between the fracture strengths and size of the microgaps. The importance of these in vitro results needs to be validated by clinical trials because the loads in the mouth can be applied from various angles.

The Effect of Dynamic Loading on Bacterial Colonization of the Dental Implant Fixture-Abutment Interface: An In-vitro Study.

2012 ◽  
pp. 120507092142007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theofilos Koutouzis ◽  
Ruben Mesia ◽  
Nadia Calderon ◽  
Fong Wong ◽  
Shannon Wallet
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

The Effect of Dynamic Loading on Bacterial Colonization of the Dental Implant Fixture–Abutment Interface: An In Vitro Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theofilos Koutouzis ◽  
Ruben Mesia ◽  
Nadia Calderon ◽  
Fong Wong ◽  
Shannon Wallet
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Penetration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dynamic Loading Conditions ◽  
Group 1

Bacterial colonization of the fixture-abutment interface (FAI) microgap may contribute to increased marginal bone loss. The contribution of loading on bacterial colonization has not been thoroughly evaluated with in vitro experiments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic loading on the colonization of oral microorganisms in the FAI microgap of dental implants with internal Morse-taper connection. Forty implants were divided into two groups (n = 20/group) based on subjection to dynamic loading conditions. Both Group 1 and 2 were comprised of fixtures that connected to standard abutments and allowed to incubate in a bacterial solution of Escherichia coli. The specimens of Group 2 were loaded with 500 000 cycles of 50 N using a chewing simulator. Following disconnection of fixtures and abutments, microbial samples were taken from the threaded portion of the abutment, plated and cultured under appropriate conditions. One of the 20 implants of Group 1 and 4 of the 20 implants of Group 2 had FAI microgaps colonized by E coli. With the limits of this study, it indicates that implants with internal Morse-taper connection exhibited minimal bacterial penetration down to the threaded part of the FAI and that dynamic loading increases the potential for such bacterial penetration.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Morse Cone Connection with the Internal Hexagon and External Hexagon Connections Based on Microleakage – Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Bueno Carlini Bittencourt ◽  
Clóvis Lamartine de Moraes Melo Neto ◽  
Paulo Augusto Penitente ◽  
Eduardo Piza Pellizzer ◽  
Daniela Micheline dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Implant Abutment

The gap formed at the abutment-implant interface brings about a bacterial colonization. In addition, a bacterial reservoir can be established within the implant. The build-up of microorganisms around the implant can cause soft tissue infections and bone loss around the implant, which can lead to implant failure. Our literature review aimed to evaluate the infiltration at the implant-abutment interface, comparing the Morse cone connection with the external hexagon and internal hexagon connections. A literature search using the PubMed database was performed on March 24, 2021. The search terms were combinations of “Morse cone” or “Morse taper” with each of the following terms (individually): “microleakage”, “leakage”, “infiltration”, and “penetration”. The inclusion criterion was in vitro studies comparing the Morse cone with the external hexagon and/or internal hexagon, based on infiltration at the implant-abutment interface. The exclusion criterion was the evaluation of microleakage at the implant-abutment interface after applying a sealant over this region. The search was expanded as needed. There was no limit on the year of publication, and only articles written in English were included. In addition, references cited in included articles were also included in this review when they were appropriate. This literature review concluded that, in most cases, the microleakage in the Morse cone connection was lower when compared with the external hexagon and internal hexagon connections.

Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Ozdiler ◽  
suleyman dayan ◽  
Burc Gencel ◽  
Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicone Sealant ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

scholarly journals Effect of Splinting in Accuracy of Two Implant Impression Techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Dorigatti de Avila ◽  
Fernanda de Matos Moraes ◽  
Sabrina Maria Castanharo ◽  
Marcelo Antonialli Del'Acqua ◽  
Francisco de Assis Mollo
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Titanium Screw ◽  
Standard Preparation ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Interface Gaps ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Because there is no consensus in the literature about the need for a splint between copings, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the accuracy of 2 impression techniques for implant-supported prostheses. A master cast was fabricated with four parallel implant abutment analogs and a passive framework. Two groups with 5 casts each were formed: Group 1 (squared impression copings with no splint: S) and Group 2 (splinted squared impression copings, using metal drill burs and Pattern resin: SS). The impression material used was polyvinyl siloxane with open trays for standard preparation of the casts. For each cast, the framework was positioned, and a titanium screw was tightened with 10 N·cm torque in analog A, after which measurements of the abutment-framework interface gaps were performed at analogs C and D. This process was repeated for analog D. These measurements were analyzed using software. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a confidence interval of 95% was used to analyze the data. Significant differences were detected between S and SS in relation to the master cast (P ≤ 0.05). The median values of the abutment-framework interface gaps were as follows: master cast: 39.64 μm; squared impression copings with no splint: 205.86 μm; splinted squared impression copings: 99.19 μm. Under the limitations of this study, the technique presented for Group 2 produces better results compared with the technique used for Group 1.

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