APPLICATION OF THE NARCOSIS TARGET LIPID MODEL TO ALGAL TOXICITY AND DERIVING PREDICTED-NO-EFFECT CONCENTRATIONS

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy A. McGrath ◽  
Thomas F. Parkerton ◽  
Dominic M. Di Toro
Keyword(s):  
Algal Toxicity ◽  
Target Lipid Model

Compatibility of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with algal toxicity bioassays

2009 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bi Fai ◽  
Alastair Grant ◽  
Brian J. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Algal Toxicity

A massive summer-kill of the dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus, on the north Cornwall coast in 1995: freak or forerunner?

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Gibbs ◽  
J.C. Green ◽  
P.L. Pascoe
Keyword(s):  
High Mortality ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Littorina Littorea ◽  
Nucella Lapillus ◽  
Sewage Outfall ◽  
The North ◽  
Algal Toxicity ◽  
Calm Weather

In the summer of 1995 a massive kill of the dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus, occurred in Bude Bay on the north Cornish coast. High mortality was detectable along 12 km of shoreline. The only other intertidal species affected appeared to be another neogastropod, Ocenebra erinacea. The cause of the kill is unknown but the evidence suggests that it occurred in early July following an extended period of warm, calm weather in June. Possible causes of this event are discussed: algal toxicity may have been responsible since an algal bloom was detected offshore in July in the area. Laboratory experiments exposing gastropods to different species and concentrations of microalgae, designed to test whether N. lapillus is more sensitive than Monodonta lineata and Littorina littorea, gave inconclusive results. No comparable kill has occurred in the Bude area for at least 20 y, but it is suggested that nutrients from a newly-constructed, offshore sewage outfall may now stimulate local algal bloom development during calm weather periods.

scholarly journals A Small-Scale Setup for Algal Toxicity Testing of Nanomaterials and Other Difficult Substances

10.3791/61209 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Michael Skjolding ◽  
Susanne Kruse ◽  
Sara Nørgaard Sørensen ◽  
Rune Hjorth ◽  
Anders Baun
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Algal Toxicity

A miniscale algal toxicity test

Chemosphere ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Arensberg ◽  
Vicky H. Hemmingsen ◽  
Niels Nyholm
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Algal Toxicity

Changes in chemical composition and copepod toxicity during petroleum photooxidation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Katz ◽  
Haining Chen ◽  
David Fields ◽  
Erin Beirne ◽  
Phoebe Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Water Accommodated Fractions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Target Lipid Model ◽  
Control Samples

Photoproducts can be formed rapidly in the initial phase of a marine oil spill. However, their toxicity is not well understood. In this study, oil was irradiated, chemically characterized, and tested for toxicity in three copepod species (A. tonsa, T. longicornis, C.finmarchicus). Irradiation led to a depletion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes in oil residues, along with an enrichment in aromatic and aliphatic oil photoproducts. Target lipid model-based calculations of PAH toxic units (TU-PAH) predicted that PAH toxicities were lower in water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of irradiated oil residues (“irradiated WAFs”) than in WAFs of dark-control samples (“dark WAFs”). In contrast, biomimetic extraction (BE) measurements showed increased bioaccumulation potential of irradiated WAFs compared to dark WAFs, mainly driven by photoproducts present in irradiated oil. In line with the BE results, copepod mortality increased in response to irradiated WAFs compared to dark WAFs. Low copepod toxicities were observed for WAFs produced with photooxidized oil slicks collected during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The results of this study suggest that while oil photoproducts have the potential to be a significant source of copepod toxicity, the water solubility of these products might mitigate their toxicity at sea.

Toxicity assays and their evaluation on organic polymer flocculants used for municipal sludge dewatering

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Takigami ◽  
N. Taniguchi ◽  
Y. Shimizu ◽  
S. Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Algal Toxicity ◽  
Reproduction Tests

The toxicity of organic polymer flocculants used for the dewatering of municipal sludge was evaluated by using two different toxicity assays: the Closterium ehrenbergii algal toxicity test and the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay. The algal toxicity of the effluents from a pilot-scale sewage treatment plant was investigated with and without the addition of a flocculant (0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/L). No clear evidence on the toxicity caused by the flocculant was observed on both asexual and sexual reproduction tests of C. ehrenbergii. It was also found that the algal growth inhibition of various types of flocculants (i.e., cationic, anionic, amphoionic and non-ionic) was in the order of 1 to 20 mg/L, which was mainly due to a molecular weight (MW) fraction of greater than 100,000. The results of the B. subtilis rec-assay for these flocculants indicated that eight out of ten cationic flocculants caused the direct DNA damage with LC50 =0.1 to 10 mg/L. One of the genotoxic flocculants was also fractionated into their components by MW. The experimental results showed that the lethal effects were mainly contributed by the polymer fraction of MW greater than 100,000, although the genotoxicity was not detected in that fraction. Therefore, the detected genotoxicity of the flocculants could be caused by the combined effects of various components, such as polymers, oligomers, monomers and additives.

Extension and validation of the target lipid model for deriving predicted no-effect concentrations for soils and sediments

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2679-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D. Redman ◽  
Thomas F. Parkerton ◽  
Miriam Leon Paumen ◽  
Joy A. McGrath ◽  
Klaas den Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Target Lipid Model

Problems and Recommendations in Using Algal Toxicity Testing to Evaluate Contaminated Sediments

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine E. Hall ◽  
James F. Fairchild ◽  
Thomas W. La Point ◽  
Paul R. Heine ◽  
David S. Ruessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Algal Toxicity
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