Haploid Culture and Double Haploid Induction in Medicago sativa L. cv. XinJiangDaYe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Rina Wu ◽  
Fang Tang ◽  
Cuiping Gao ◽  
Xia Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Double Haploid ◽  
Haploid Plant ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Cultivation Methods ◽  
Haploid Plants

Background: Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa), a perennial cross-pollinated plant, is one of the most important forage crops in the world with commercial value and ecological significance. However, due to the complexity of its genome, varietal improvement is difficult. Therefore, generating genetically homozygous materials have greater significance for breeding. In the current study, we aimed to identify the best tissue culture conditions to obtain haploid plants and double haploid plants.Methods: In this study, the haploid plants of alfalfa were obtained by combining tissue culture regeneration system with Flow cytometry. Different concentrations of colchicine were applied to the haploid plants using solid and liquid cultivation methods to determine the optimum conditions to obtain double haploid plants of Medicago Sativa L. cv. ‘XinJiangDaYe’. Result: Among the two colchicine cultivation methods tested, the doubling rate of regenerated plants obtained by liquid cultivation method was higher and the leaves developed under this system have the best doubling effect among the three explants tested. Optimal doubling conditions for alfalfa haploid (Medicago Sativa L. cv. ‘XinJiangDaYe’) were identified. The double haploid plant material generated from the current study could serve as a genetic resource for developing the hybrid combinations and for analyzing genetic linkage in alfalfa improvement programs.

scholarly journals Allelopathic tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties to dodder (Cuscuta epithymum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Plamen Marinov-Serafimov ◽  
Irena Golubinova ◽  
Diana Marinova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Allelopathic effects of cold water extracts of Cuscuta epithymum L. on seed germination and initial development of Medicago sativa L. varieties were investigated under laboratory conditions at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, during 2016-2017. It was found that the water extracts from dry biomass of C. epithymum had a considerably stronger inhibitory effect on the studied M. sativa varieties (IR 32.7-100.0 %), as compared to the extracts of fresh biomass (IR 0.2-40.5%). Depending on the kind of C. epithymum extract (fresh or dry parasitic weed biomass), IRs for seed germination of the tested M. sativa varieties could be conventionally classified into five groups: 1) seed germination stimulation, -1.4% - extracts from fresh biomass affecting the variety ?Multifoliolate?; 2) seed germination inhibition of 0.1-10% - extracts prepared from fresh biomass affecting the varieties ?Prista 3?, ?Pleven 6?, ?Prista 5? and ?Obnova?; 3) seed germination inhibition of 11-20% - extracts from fresh biomass affecting the varieties ?Roly? and ?Victoria?; 4) seed germination inhibition of 30-45% - extracts from dry biomass affecting the variety ?Multifoliolate?; 5) seed germination inhibition of 46-60% - extracts from dry biomass affecting the varieties ?Prista 5?, ?Prista 3?, ?Victoria?, ?Roly?, ?Dara?, ?Pleven 6? and ?Obnova?. The varieties ?Victoria?, ?Prista 5? and ?Multifoliolate? of M. sativa possess some allelopathic tolerance because their germination indexes (GI) range from 80.5 to 88.7 % for the extracts prepared from fresh weed biomass of C. epithymum, and from 47.1 to 48.6% for the extracts from dry weed biomass, compared to control treatment. These varieties can be used as components in future breeding programmes.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF TOTAL NITROGEN AND PROTEINS FROM ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) COLLECTED IN THREE SLOPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Valentina Butleska Gjoroska ◽  
Liljana Koleva Gudeva ◽  
Lenka Cvetanovska
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves and stems contain different proteins and nitrogen concentration in different stages of growth. The objective of this study is to determine the dynamic of nutrient accumulation of total nitrogen and proteins in leaves and stems. The experiment was conducted in three slopes, on three regions in the Republic of North Macedonia (Tetovo, Skopje and Ovche Pole). Chemical analysis of total nitrogen and proteins were obtained from first, second and third slope. Modern techniques have been used for analyzing the protein activity of plant material in multiple measuring points. Significant differences are found in the production of total nitrogen and proteins between the locations in Tetovo region on one side, and Skopje and Ovche Pole on the other side. It shows that Tetovo region has better conditions for producing alfalfa protein. Alfalfa is a culture that is rich in high nitrogen and protein content in the Tetovo region, which is correlated with the amino acid composition, resulting in a high biological value. Therefore, alfalfa is the dominant forage crop and active diet culture with high applicability to the bio-diet. Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules in plants and other organisms. Protein macromolecules make up half of the dry matter in the plant cell. The plant cell contains many different proteins with a specific function. Proteins contain the most important property - biological specificity, so the individuality of each organism is conditioned by the type of protein it is made of. Proteins have a specific structure that is found in their biological activity. Proteins are the most important components in the plant cell. Nitrogen is one of the many compounds important for plant life processes and its role in physiological processes in plants is quite large. The needs of certain plants for nitrogen are different. Nitrogen in plants is important in the composition of proteins, nucleic acids, coenzymes, alkaloids, some pigments and other compounds. Accordingly, the nitrogen in plants exists as non-protein and protein nitrogen, found in the protein component. It can only enter the plant cell if it is reduced to ammonia. This scientific research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the nitrogen and protein composition of alfalfa grown in the Skopje, Tetovo and Ovche Pole region. The results of this research, represent the first full and complete overview of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), with its protein composition, which would be of great importance for the further cultivation of this forage crop. Scientific evidence has shown that the Tetovo region has a higher advantage over the Skopje and Ovche Pole region in terms of nitrogen and protein content, which are crucial nutrients in forage crops.

A transplant plug technique for production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants from somatic embryos

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. McElroy ◽  
D. C. W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

A transplant plug technique was developed that uses in vitro somatic embryogenesis techniques to mass-multiply alfalfa plants in a form suitable for direct transplanting. The plug contains potting media covered with an agar nutrient cap. Plants develop from embryos placed on the cap and then establish in the potting media.Key words: Hybrid alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., tissue culture, transplant plug, somatic embryogenesis

Genetic control of somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Kielly ◽  
S. R. Bowley
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The genetic control of somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was studied using one nonembryogenic and three embryogenic genotypes: A70-34, a selection from 'Rangelander'; RA3, a selection from 'Regen-S'; and C2-4, a selection from a breeding population that had A70-34 in its pedigree. Crosses of embryogenic × embryogenic and embryogenic × nonembryogenic and S1 and BC1 testcrosses were evaluated for in vitro regeneration. Selfing reduced the expression of the trait. Somatic embryogenesis was dominant and explained by two loci. All three regenerating genotypes shared a common genetic system.Key words: alfalfa, Medicago sativa, somatic embryogenesis, tissue culture.

scholarly journals Effects of shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic.) on the chemical composition of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Tsvetanka Dimitrova ◽  
Plamen Marinov-Serafimov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Functional Relations ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

A study was conducted in a pure stand of lucerne (variety Viktoria) under natural weed infestation with shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic.) on a slightly leached chernozem soil under nonirrigated conditions in the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops - Pleven during the 2006-2007 period. The effect of shepherd's purse Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic. on the chemical composition of lucerne Medicago sativa (L.) was analyzed. Statistically significant (P<0.05) functional relations were found between the chemical characteristics and percentage of Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic. participation in the lucerne sward, and forage quality. These relations indicated a multiple practical relevance and a necessity to control Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) Medic. in lucerne stands in order to decrease weed density and improve forage quality.

Inheritance of somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Hernández-Fernández ◽  
B. R. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Callus Production ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

To study the inheritance of somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), three alfalfa genotypes were self-pollinated and intercrossed. A70-34 is a highly embryogenic genotype; R3 produced callus but not embryos; and MK does not produce callus. Callus production was controlled by one locus with complete dominance. In a survey of 107 alfalfa genotypes, the dominant and recessive alleles were present in equal frequencies. Embryogenesis among those plants producing callus was controlled by two complementary loci with additivity within each locus. The suggested designations for the two genes are Rna and Rnb.Key words: alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., tissue culture, somatic embryogenesis, inheritance.

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