scholarly journals Differential Response of Groundnut Genotypes for Varying CaCO3 Concentrations 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Chitdeshwari ◽  
P.M. Brindhavani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Background Soil

Background: Soil calcareousness is the major problem in arid and semi arid regions globally since lime induced chlorosis lead to the deficiency of many essential plant nutrients which in turn resulted in reduced growth and yield loss of many crops. To explore the effects of various concentrations of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on seed germination and seedling growth of groundnut genotypes and to identify CaCO3 stress tolerant and sensitive groundnut genotypes. Methods: The seed germination and seedling growth of ten groundnut genotypes (CO 6, CO 7, TMV 2, TMV 10, TMV 13, TMV 14, VRI 7, VRI 8, ALR 2 and BSR 2) was investigated with CaCO3 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mM L-1 for a period of 14 days. Result: The genotypes VRI 8 and TMV 10 showed higher seed germination and seedling growth even at higher CaCO3 concentration (upto 20 mM L-1) and considered as tolerant genotypes. Whereas TMV 2 and VRI 7 exhibited drastic reduction even at 1 mM L-1 and confirms their susceptibility to CaCO3 stress. Higher concentrations of CaCO3 in the growing medium greatly decreased the germination rate, germination index and vitality index but the impact differs with potentials of genotypes studied.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Nutritional Systems on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Medicinal Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
D. Zarei ◽  
G. Shabani ◽  
M. Reza Chaichi ◽  
M. Khanahmadi ◽  
A. Akbarabadi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chemical System ◽  
Nutritional Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract This study was carried out to determine the effect of different nutritional systems (chemical, biological and integrated) on germination and seedling growth in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). The statistical design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four levels of different fertilizing systems including chemical (T1), biological (a combination of nitrogen bacteria, Azospirillum brasilense and Glomus mosseae) (T2) and integrated fertilizing systems (biological fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer) (T3), and control (without fertilizer) (T0), were employed. The results indicated that the maximum seed germination was 95% and the highest seed germination rate with 30.4 per day was observed in the intergraded nutritional treatment. The experimental results showed that all nutritional treatments had positive effects on seed germination compared to control. The highest level of germination percentage with 95% and the highest rate of germination with 30.4 seeds per day were obtained in integrated nutritional treatment. However, the integrated nutritional system required more time to demonstrate its positive effect on the growth and yield of medicinal pumpkin compared to chemical system. The results of present experiment indicated that integrated nutritional treatment had the greatest positive impact on germination characteristics in medicinal pumpkin. Designing and developing such nutritional systems can guarantee and facilitate the achievement of long-term objectives of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Impacts of different salt source and concentrations on germination and seedling growth of many pumpkin seeds used as rootstoch in Iran

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dadashpour
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Shoot Weight

The effects of different salt sources (C Cl2, NaCl, and KCl) and concentrations, as measured by electrical conductivity, (0, "control", 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) on seed germination and seedling growth of ?Ferro?, ?Obez?, ?RS 841? and ?Strong Tosa F1? pumpkin varieties used as rootstock were investigated in this study. The results showed that germination rate, root length, shoot length, fresh root weight, dry root weight, fresh shoot weight and dry shoot weights tend to decrease when the electrical conductivity of the solution is higher than 5 dS m-1, independent of salt sources and in all of the varieties. Three days after seeding, a germination ratio of 5 % was obtained from RS 841 variety in all salt source and concentrations, while a germination ratio over 50 % was obtained in ?Strong Tosa? variety for the same conditions except CaCl2 salt source. Nevertheless, seeds germinated in medium having high concentrations of CaCl2 had lower germination rate and poor seedling growth, compared to media having the same concentrations of NaCl and KCl. It was concluded that all of the varieties studied were more sensitive to the concentrations prepared using CaCl2 than that of the KCl, and NaCl.

scholarly journals Dust-related impacts of mining operations on rangeland vegetation and soil: a case study in Yazd province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab IbrahimPour ◽  
Alireza KhavaninZadeh ◽  
Ruhollah Taghizadeh mehrjardi ◽  
Hans De Boeck ◽  
Alvina Gul
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Respiration ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Destructive mining operations are affecting large areas of natural ecosystems, especially in arid lands. The present study aims at investigating the impact of iron mine exploitation on vegetation and soil in Nodoushan (Yazd province, central Iran). Based on the dominant wind, topography, slope, vegetation and soil of the area, soil and vegetation parameters close to ​the mine were recorded and analyzed according to the distance from the mine. In order to obtain the vegetation cover, a transect and plot on the windward and leeward side of the mine, with 100 m intervals and three replicates at each sampling location was used, yielding 96 soil samples. The amount of dust on the vegetation, the seed weight and seed germination rate of Artemisia sp. as the dominant species within the area, and the soil microbial respiration were measured. The relationship between vegetation cover and distance from the mine was not linear, which was due to an interplay between pollution from the mine and local grazing, while other factors did increase or decrease linearly. The results showed that, as the distance from the mine increased, the weight of 1000 seeds of Artemisia sp. was significantly increased from 271 to 494 mg and seed germination rate and soil microbial respiration were significantly increased from 11.7 to 48.4 % and from 4.5 to 5.9 mg CO2 g− 1 soil day− 1 respectively, while the amount of dust significantly decreased from 43.5 to 6 mg (g plant)−1 between the distance of 100 to 600 m from the mine in the leeward direction. A similar trend was observed in the windward side, though negative effects were lower compared to the same distance along the leeward sample locations. The direct and indirect effects on plant growth and health from mining impacts generally decreased linearly with increasing distance from the mine, up to at least 600 m. Our study serves as a showcase for the potential of bio-indicators as a cost-effective method for assessing impacts of mining activities on the surrounding environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Cowpea severe mosaic virus on Crop Growth Characteristics and Yield of Cowpea

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Booker ◽  
P. Umaharan ◽  
C. R. McDavid
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Impact

Field experiments were carried out in St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies to determine the effects of time of inoculation of Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) and cultivar on crop growth and yield in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Crop growth and yield loss were investigated through growth analysis and yield component analysis on three cultivars in two seasons (wet and dry). Time of inoculation had the most profound impact on yield. Inoculations during the early log phase (seedling stage), 12 days after seeding (DAS), consistently had the greatest impact (50 to 85% yield loss) compared with those inoculated during the exponential growth phase (24 DAS; 22 to 66% yield loss) or linear growth phase (35 DAS; 2 to 36% yield loss). The effects were particularly pronounced in the dry season and in the more determinate cultivar, H8-8-27. Reduction in maximum leaf area index, leaf area duration, or maximum vegetative dry matter explained reductions in yield. Yield reductions resulted primarily from reduced pod number per plant and, to a lesser extent, from reduced average pod dry weight. The results show that CPSMV control measures should be aimed at delaying infection by CPSMV to minimize the impact on cowpea yield.

Effect of chromium on seed germination, seedling growth and yield of peas

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.R. Bishnoi ◽  
Anita Dua ◽  
V.K. Gupta ◽  
S.K. Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield

Effect of magnetic field on seed germination and seedling growth of sunflower

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matwijczuk ◽  
K. Kornarzyński ◽  
S. Pietruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Effect of magnetic field on seed germination and seedling growth of sunflowerThe impact of a variable magnetic field, magnetically treated water and a combination of both these factors on the germination of seeds and the final mass at the initial stage of growth sunflower plants was presented. Investigations were carried out in pots filled with sand, tin an air-conditioned plant house with no access to daylight using fluorescent light as illumination. A statistical significance positive impact was achieved for the samples subjected to the interaction of both stimulating factors simultaneously, the magnetic field and the impact of treated water several times on the speed of seed germination and final plant mass. Negative impacts were obtained for the majority of the test cases, for the magnetically treated water, the short duration of activity of the magnetic field and for the connection of the magnetic field and low-flow times.

scholarly journals Elucidation of seed dormancy and phytohormones by germination after exogenous foliage whey application

1970 ◽  
pp. 08-14
Author(s):  
Jadhav Rajesh K, Pranay Mulam, Khot Vidhesh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Paper Towel ◽  
Leguminous Seeds ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Leaf Juice

A study was conducted with an aim of achieving 100% seed germination and to evaluate the rate of dormancy upon exogenous application of the deproteinised leaf juice (DPJ) in various leguminous and non leguminous seeds. DPJ if inducing retardation of dormancy, the activity of enzyme was analysed to prove the presence of phytohormones. DPJ from the three non leguminous foliages of brinjal, radddish and dasheen were prepared by green crop fractionation. The seed germination results obtained by the paper towel method and the activity of enzyme protease in DPJ of radish and Colocasia leaves separately. There was variation in germination rate by different DPJ influence. Some seeds showed fast germination while some germinated late. Few seeds were not germinated by control. In some seeds, DPJ decreased the rate of germination while on the contrary there was rapid growth of seedlings by the potentiality of DPJ. DPJ found mutagenic by its influencing inhibitory expression in seedling growth in some cases. The enzyme protease released by phytohormone gibberellin during the seed germination. Positive glyoxlic test indicated presence of auxins in whey.

scholarly journals Use of seaweed-based biostimulant (Ascophyllum nodosum) on ornamental sunflower seed germination and seedling growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Alessandro Reinaldo Zabotto ◽  
Half Weinberg Corrêa Jordão ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Boas ◽  
Fernando Broetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

Abstract Seaweed extracts are employed as biostimulants due to their beneficial effects on crop growth and yield. Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract aid to improve seedling growth and development, and decrease seedlings production costs; however, the correct concentration must be used in order to maximize the biostimulant effects. Consequently, this study aimed to analyze the effects of different concentrations of a seaweed-based (Ascophyllum nodosum) biostimulant on ornamental sunflower seed germination and seedling growth. Seeds of ornamental sunflower cv. “Sol Pleno” were sown in polyethylene trays containing commercial substrate. The treatments consisted of dairy spraying 60 mL of the solutions 0 (control), 5, 10 or 15 mL L-1 biostimulant on substrate. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 treatments (concentrations of biostimulant) and 4 replicates (10 seeds replicate-1). The evaluated variables were percentage, index and time averages of germination, seedling height, fresh and dry mass of shoot and roots, and root system morphology (WinRhizo). The increase of the biostimulant concentration enhances seed germination and seedlings development. The concentration 15 mL L-1 biostimulant showed the best results for percentage and index of germination and the lowest mean germination time and increase plant height and fresh and dry mass of shoots in relation to the control treatment. Accordingly, 15 mL L-1 biostimulant (Ascophyllum nodosum) is recommended for ornamental sunflower “Sol Pleno” seed germination and seedlings growth.

scholarly journals ​Influence of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çirka ◽  
Ali Rahmi Kaya ◽  
Tamer Eryiğit
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background: The high salt level of a germinating environment can lead to reduced, delayed, and even complete inhibition of germination and seeding growth due to osmotic action and/or ion toxicity. Based on this viewpoint, the aim of this study was to investigate germination temperature and salinity effects on germination and early seedling growth of soybean, which can be sown as first and second crops. Methods: Soybean seeds were subjected to NaCl induced saline germinating media prepared in petri dishes under two different germination temperatures (20±2 and 25±2oC). Thirty sterilized seeds per petri dish were sown in ten salt treatments (0, 100, 150, 250, 750, 1000, 2250, 5000, 7500 and 10000 ppm NaCl L-1). The study was carried out according to the completely randomized design with four replications. Result: Lower temperature promoted seed germination, while the high temperature significantly inhibited the seed germination at all NaCl doses tested. As a result, 25oC temperatures, which can only be measured at the time of the second sowing, have been found to negatively affect germination and also increase the negative effects of salt. Due to the moderate tolerance of soybeans to salt stress, the germination rate was positively affected up to 750 ppm NaCl L-1 dose and resulted in severe reductions in subsequent doses. Also, the tolerance of soybean was negatively influenced by the interaction of temperature and NaCl concentration.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Regulation of Gibberellin and the Establishment of Photosynthetic System Promote Rapid Seed Germination and Early Growth of Seedling in Pearl Millet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchao Wu ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
Chuang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Pearl Millet Seeds

Abstract Background：Seed germination is the most important stage for the formation of a new plant. This process starts when the dry seeds begin to absorb water and ends when the radicles sticks out. The germination rate of different plant seeds varies differently. Most energy plants that usually grow on marginal land, the rapid germination of seeds is more conducive to its superiority in competition with surrounding plants, which is also the guarantee of normal plant development and high yield. Pearl millet is an important cereal crop that shares widespread applications in the world. It has the advantages of fast growth, high yield, and low maintenance cost. It can also be used to extract bioethanol to solve the increasingly prominent energy problems. Previous germination experiments are the evidence of very fast seed germination rate of pearl millet, but the molecular mechanisms behind it is still unclear.Results: Through the germination test and the measurement of the germs and radicles length of the seedlings, we found that pearl millet seeds germinated very quickly after 24 hours of swelling of the dry seeds. By using transcriptome sequencing technology, we characterized the gene expression patterns of dry seeds, water imbibed seeds, germs and radicles of seedlings, and found the more DEGs in radicles than germs. Further analysis showed that different genome clusters function specifically at different tissues and time periods. WGCNA and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that that many genes that positively regulate plant growth and development are highly enriched and expressed, especially the gibberellin signaling pathway that can promote seed germination. We speculated that the activation of these key genes promotes the germination of pearl millet seeds and the growth of seedlings. To verify this inference, we measured the content of the main effect hormone gibberellin and found that the gibberellin content after seed imbibition rose sharply and remained at a high level.Conclusions：This study explored the expression patterns of genes involved in pearl millet growth from the germination of dry seeds to the early growth stages. Also identifies the key genes involved in the regulation of seed germination and seedling growth. The activation of key genes in these pathways may contribute to the rapid germination and growth of seeds and seedlings in pearl millet. These results provide new insights to solve the problem for the plants with slow seed germination and seedling growth.

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