Interrelation between Surface Wax Alkanes from Red Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seeds and Adzuki Bean Weevil [Callosobruchus chinensis (F.)] (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mukherjee ◽  
A. Sengupta ◽  
S. Shaw ◽  
S. Sarkar ◽  
D. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Surface Wax ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
Olfactory Cue

Background: Callosobruchus chinensis (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is one of the major insect pests of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grains, commonly known as rajma seeds, in Europe and Asia including India. Infestations of these insects destroy majority of legume seeds including rajma which causes a great economic loss. Hence, a proper sustainable pest management measures are necessary for storage of rajma seeds. For this, the study aims to identify and quantify the n-alkane profile from the surface waxes of rajma seeds and their role as olfactory cue in C. chinensis. Individual synthetic alkane followed by the synthetic blends mimicking rajma seed surface wax n-alkanes as olfactory cue was also evaluated.Methods: Collected rajma seeds were solvent extracted to isolate surface waxes. The extract then fractioned by thin-layer chromatography and followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses to purify, quantify and identify n-alkanes.Result: Rajma seeds’ surface waxes analysis revealed 18 n-alkanes between n-C15 and n-C33. The predominant alkanes were n-octacosane and n-hexadecane. n-Octadecane was the least abundant alkane in seeds. Total alkane content was 3502.67±12.82µg from 100 g (number 200 ± 5.13) seeds. Adult female C. chinensis elicited attraction towards the surface wax alkanes at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 seed(s) equivalent of rajma seed(s) in the Y-tube olfactometer bioassay, but the highest attraction was observed at 6 seeds equivalent. Hence, a synthetic alkane blend resembling of 6 seeds equivalent, present in seeds’ surface wax alkane or a combination of nine (which elicited positive response) synthetic alkane blend resembling 6 seeds equivalent could be used as lures in developing baited trap in insect pest management programme.

scholarly journals Farmers Status, Knowledge & Management Practices on Major Chickpea Insect Pests in Some Selected Zones of Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarekegn Fite ◽  
Tadele Tefera ◽  
Mulugeta Negeri ◽  
Mulugeta Negeri ◽  
Hirpa Legesse
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Development Agents

Survey were undertaken in five zones of Oromiya and Amhara regional states, Ethiopia from February to March 2018 to investigate farmers’ status, knowledge, major chickpea production constraints and insect pest management practices of chickpea. The survey involved 293 randomly taken farmers, who are interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Chickpea insect pests were considered as the main, among production constraints of chickpea by most of the interviewed farmers in Ethiopia. The majority of the farmers’ responded that Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the most prevalent insect pests of chickpea under field condition and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in storage. Development Agents (DAs) were the top pest advisory service providers in the current study. A conventional insecticide (namely; Lambda-cyhalotrin and Dimethoate) for the control of H. armigera was the most commonly used pest management methods. Moreover, Two times insecticide applications per cropping season were the most frequent, deployed by most of the interviewed farmers followed by cultural pest management practices. Use of biological control and resistant chickpea varieties against major insect pests were low to negligible in the current survey study in the area. The majority of the farmers began control decision when H. armigera larval stages were smaller and they did not consider larval number per chickpea plant for the decision. These results will be used to formulate future effective and sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) in chickpea for Ethiopian farmers emphasizing ecologically and economically-based approaches.

scholarly journals Sources of semiochemicals mediating host finding in Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Babu ◽  
A. Hern ◽  
S. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Dimethyl Disulphide ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Conspecific Adult ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractBruchid pests such as Callosobruchus chinensis (Linnaeus) endanger stored legume seeds throughout the tropical belt. The chemical composition of the headspace volatiles from healthy and fourth instar larvae-infested cowpea seeds were identified, characterized, and compared using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays were performed to evaluate the effect of these chemicals on the orientation of conspecific adult females. Analysis of volatiles released from healthy and infested seeds revealed qualitative differences for three out of the 17 compounds identified. Dimethyl disulphide, isobutenyl methyl ketone and methyl trisulphide were found only in the blend emitted from infested but not from healthy seeds. Quantitative differences were apparent for tridecane which was released in larger amounts from infested seeds. While volatiles collected from healthy seeds were attractive to female bruchids, volatiles collected from infested seeds were repellent. To test the hypothesis that the qualitative differences in the chemical composition found may be due to insect-derived components, the volatiles from frass and fourth instar larvae combined were analysed. These volatiles contained both of the sulphides emitted from infested seed but not from healthy seeds. Although a limited induction of volatiles from cowpea seeds cannot be excluded, it is postulated that behavioural differences of the female weevils are largely due to insect-derived semiochemicals. The potential use of such semiochemicals as part of an integrated pest management strategy is discussed.

scholarly journals The seed coat of Phaseolus vulgaris interferes with the development of the cowpea weevil [Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)]

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana B. Silva ◽  
Maurício P. Sales ◽  
Antônia E. A. Oliveira ◽  
Olga L. T. Machado ◽  
Kátia V. S. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Cowpea Weevil ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
The Common

We have confirmed here that the seeds of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) do not support development of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), a pest of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] seeds. Analysis of the testa (seed coat) of the bean suggested that neither thickness nor the levels of compounds such as tannic acid, tannins, or HCN are important for the resistance. On the other hand, we have found that phaseolin (vicilin-like 7S storage globulin), detected in the testa by Western blotting and N-terminal amino acid sequencing, is detrimental to the development of C. maculatus. As for the case of other previously studied legume seeds (Canavalia ensiformis and Phaseolus lunatus) we suggest that the presence of vicilin-like proteins in the testa of P. vulgaris may have had a significant role in the evolutionary adaptation of bruchids to the seeds of leguminous plants.

scholarly journals PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH NATURALLY OCCURRING TOXINS IN LEGUME SEEDS - RAPID DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A LECTIN FROM A KOREAN CULTIVATED KIDNEY BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Nader Nciri ◽  
Taesub Shin ◽  
Namjun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Public Health Hazards

Objective: The delicacy of kidney beans is highly appreciable but, at the same time, their toxicity has raised an alarming concern. In this regard, more public awareness is needed about bean poisoning.Methods: This work aimed at promptly investigating the chemical and biological properties of a lectin derived from a Korean cultivar of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).Results: Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of two major polypeptide bands around 31.00 kDa. Hemagglutination assay and Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion technique confirmed the presence of lectin in dry seeds.Conclusion: It was evident that the Korean bean cultivar contains biologically active lectins, which may pose a risk to the consumer if the beans are eaten in raw or undercooked state.

scholarly journals Chemical Control of Whitefly and Aphid Insect Pest of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
S. K. Roy ◽  
M. S. Ali ◽  
F. T. Z. Mony ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
M. A. Matin
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L
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