Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat K. Singh ◽  
R. Sadhukhan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effective Mutagen ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L

Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.

scholarly journals Induction of chlorophyll mutation through physical and chemical mutagen in Phaseolus lunatus (Lima Bean)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyani R Gunjal ◽  
A.D. More
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Chlorophyll Mutation ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Mutants ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Light Green

The present investigation was undertaken to study the frequency of chlorophyll deficient sectors and chlorophyll mutants induced by Gamma rays at the dosage of 240Gy,300Gy,360Gy,420Gy, Ethyl Methene Sulphate (EMS) at the concentrations of 0.25%,0.50%,0.75%,1% and the Combination of both (Gamma rays and EMS) like 240Gy+1%, 300Gy+0.75%, 360Gy+0.50%, 420Gy+0.25% in the variety ‘King of Garden’ Phaseolus lunatus (lima bean).The chlorophyll mutants were observed in all the three mutagenic treatments in the lima bean. These mutants were White (Albina), Yellow (Xantha), Yellow green (Chlorina) and Light green (Viridis). They were screened after 10-15 days of old seedling and were found at the margin of the leaflet or the entire leaflet.Induced mutation in the sectors of the leaves resulted into chlorophyll chimeric plants. The scoring of chlorophyll mutation frequency in M2 generation was one of the most reliable measures for evaluating the mutagenic induced genetic altercation of the mutagen treatments used in the ideotype. The frequency of chlorophyll mutants increased with the increase in the dose/concentration of the mutants. They can be screened and enhanced through mutation breeding for enormous yield.

scholarly journals Induced Mutagenesis in Cicer arietinum

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mullainathan ◽  
S. Umavathi
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Chick Pea ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

The traditional varieties of chick pea have low potentiality and restricted variability with respect to economic characters. Broadening the genetic base for crop improvement can be quickly achieved through induced mutagenesis. The present study was undertaken in order to comparing the effectiveness and efficiency of mutagens on Cicer arietinum. In this regard, Co – 4 variety of chick pea was subjected to different dose/concentration of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM) for inducing mutation. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency was calculated based on biological damage in M1 and chlorophyll mutations in M2. The results indicated that, mutagenic effectiveness increased with the increase in dose/concentration of mutagen. Intermediate treatments in general were found more efficient in causing less biological damage and inducing maximum amount of mutations. It shows that the chemical mutagens are more effective and efficient than physical mutagen for inducing mutation in Chick pea

scholarly journals Physio-biochemical Parameters of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) Induced by Gamma Rays and EMS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Malik ◽  
Roshan Jahan ◽  
Shazia Bi Ansari ◽  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
Samiullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Induced mutagenesis has proved as a crucial implement to create genetic variability for various essential traits. Trachyspermum ammi is one of the most important medicinal seed spices and its oil exhibits various pharmacological properties. Ajwain has been overlooked owing its narrow genetic base and little study has been performed to create genetic variations. Methods: Dry and healthy seeds of ajwain were treated with the different concentration of gamma rays (25,50,75 and 100Gy), EMS (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%EMS) and different doses of combination treatments (25+0.1%, 50+0.2%, 75+0.3% and 100Gy+0.4%EMS). Among both the mutagens, gamma rays were found to be more effectual mutagens as compared to EMS. Result: The aim of the present study was to find out the mutagenic consequences of gamma rays, EMS and combination treatments on growth and physio-biochemical parameters of ajwain. Studies show that higher doses of both the mutagens caused significantly negative effect on the growth parameters whereas lower doses have positively influenced the parameters. Result shows lower doses of mutagens (25, 50Gy, 0.1%, 0.2%EMS and 25+0.1%, 50Gy+0.2%EMS) proved to be more effective as it caused less biological damage and therefore would be suitable for inducing the desirable mutations and improving the agronomic traits in ajwain.

Gamma Radiation Induced Effects on Cefuroxime and Cefotaxime. Investigation on Degradation and Syn-Anti Isomerization

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 2493-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ciranni Signoretti ◽  
L. Valvo ◽  
P. Fattibene ◽  
S. Onori ◽  
M. Pantaloni
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals A DNA-Damage-Induced Cell Cycle Checkpoint in Arabidopsis

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
S B Preuss ◽  
A B Britt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoint ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cycle Checkpoint ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Regulation Of Cell Cycle

Abstract Although it is well established that plant seeds treated with high doses of gamma radiation arrest development as seedlings, the cause of this arrest is unknown. The uvh1 mutant of Arabidopsis is defective in a homolog of the human repair endonuclease XPF, and uvh1 mutants are sensitive to both the toxic effects of UV and the cytostatic effects of gamma radiation. Here we find that gamma irradiation of uvh1 plants specifically triggers a G2-phase cell cycle arrest. Mutants, termed suppressor of gamma (sog), that suppress this radiation-induced arrest and proceed through the cell cycle unimpeded were recovered in the uvh1 background; the resulting irradiated plants are genetically unstable. The sog mutations fall into two complementation groups. They are second-site suppressors of the uvh1 mutant's sensitivity to gamma radiation but do not affect the susceptibility of the plant to UV radiation. In addition to rendering the plants resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of gamma radiation, the sog1 mutation affects the proper development of the pollen tetrad, suggesting that SOG1 might also play a role in the regulation of cell cycle progression during meiosis.

Recovery of some metal ions using gamma-radiation induced grafted waste rubber powder

1998 ◽  
Vol 238 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Abdel-Bary ◽  
A. M. Dessouki ◽  
E. M. El-Nesr ◽  
M. M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Waste Rubber ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Waste Rubber Powder

Radiation Induced Surface Activity Phenomenon: 2nd Report — Radiation Induced Boiling Enhancement

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Koga ◽  
Yasuyuki Imai ◽  
Tomoji Takamasa ◽  
Koji Okamoto ◽  
Kaichiro Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Surface Activity ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Boiling Enhancement ◽  
60Co Gamma ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Temperature Water

To delineate the effect of Radiation Induced Surface Activity (RISA) on boiling phenomenon, surface wettability in high-temperature environment or Leidenfrost condition and critical heat flux (CHF) of oxide metals irradiated by gamma rays were investigated. When the temperature of the heating surface reaches the wetting limit temperature, water-solid contact vanishes because of a stable vapor film between the droplet and the metal surface, i.e., a Leidenfrost condition. The wetting limit temperature increased with integrated irradiation dose. The CHF of oxidized titanium was improved up to 100% after 800 kGy 60Co gamma ray irradiated. Radiation Induced Boiling Enhancement (RIBE) phenomenon was firstly confirmed through the experiments.

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