Immunomodulatory effect of levamisole on PPR vaccine in goats and change in haematological profile

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousam Das ◽  
D. P. Isore ◽  
S. N. Joardar ◽  
I. Samanta ◽  
S. K. Mukhopadhayay
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Mixed Blood ◽  
Haematological Profile

Levamisole is an anthelmintic and synthetic immunomodulator. Effect of levamisole on PPR vaccine in goat model was evaluated in this study. Healthy, sero negative for PPR infection 12 Black Bengal goats were divided into three groups. Levamisole was injected @ 2.5 mg/kg b.wt. and @ 5.0 mg/kg b.wt. in two groups respectively. After seven days all animals were vaccinated with PPR cell culture vaccine. Blood samples were collected from animals at 0 day, 7th day, 14th day, 21st day and 30th day. Serum was separated and used in indirect ELISA for qualitative and quantitative assay of antibody titer. EDTA mixed blood sample was used for determination of immunity induced blood cells number. Antibody titer and immunity induced blood cells number were more in the Levamisole and vaccine treated groups than only vaccine treated group. So, levamisole acted as an immunomodulator when it was used prior PPR vaccine in goats.

scholarly journals Determination of Hematological Values of Common Crocodile (Caiman Crocodilus fuscus) in Captivity in the Magdalena medio of Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Juana Valentina Grijalba Otálora ◽  
Ekin Josué Forero Rojas ◽  
Angie Fernanda Contreras ◽  
Julio Cesar Vargas ◽  
Roy Jose Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Caiman Crocodilus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Hematological Values

Caiman zoo breeding (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) has been developing with greater force in Colombia since the 90s. It is essential to evaluate the physiological ranges of the species to be able to assess those situations in which their health is threatened. The objective of the present study was to determine the typical hematological values of the Caiman (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) with the aid of the microhematocrit, the cyanmethemoglobin technique, and a hematological analyzer. The blood samples were taken from 120 young animals of both sexes in good health apparently (males 44 and females 76). The samples were taken from the coccygeal vein between the second and third interscalar space with lilac lid vacutainer tube whit acid ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic as an anticoagulant. The animals are located in the middle of the Magdalena area in Colombia. The results obtained on average were Hematocrit: 23.36 %, Hemoglobin: 7.78 g/dl, Red blood cells: 3.89 106/μL, Average corpuscular volume: 60 fl, Average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration: 33.33 g/dl and Average corpuscular hemoglobin: 73.9 pg. This is the first study of hematological values for this particular species in Colombia.

scholarly journals Sheep pestivirus in Morocco: sero-epidemiological and molecular study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouafaa Fassi Fihri ◽  
Noâma Jammar ◽  
Nadia Amrani ◽  
Ikhlass El Berbri ◽  
Said Alali
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sheep Breeding ◽  
Border Disease ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
The Difference

The present study is the first to investigate Border disease caused by the sheep pestivirus (SPV) in sheep herds in Morocco. Sero-epidemiological investigations were carried out in six regions of the Kingdom, known as important in terms of sheep breeding. A total of 760 blood samples were collected including aborted ewes from 28 randomly selected farms. The samples were analysed, for the determination of anti-pestivirus antibodies, using indirect ELISA technique. Next, reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was conducted on serologically negative samples to identify possible persistently infected (PI) animals, through detection of specific RNA fragment. The results revealed an overall SPV seroprevalence in studied areas of 28.9%. The difference in seroprevalence between the six investigated regions was not statistically significant (p>0.05) and varied slightly from 20.9% to 37.5%. Furthermore, 93% of investigated farms were affected with an average seroprevalence of 22.7% (with a variation of 1%–74%). RT-PCR results were all negative, indicating the absence of PI animals in the tested samples. Nevertheless, the present study revealed that SPV is endemic in Morocco.

Is there a relationship between serum minerals (Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) at mating on pregnancy rates in fat-tailed Morkaraman sheep?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baris Atalay Uslu ◽  
Leyla Mis ◽  
Fetih Gulyuz ◽  
Bahat Comba ◽  
Omer Ucar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Minerals ◽  
Real Time Ultrasonography ◽  
Cu And Zn

The specific roles of nutrients in reproduction are not well defined in sheep. Hence, the relationships between certain mineral (Ca, Mg) and element (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) levels at mating and pregnancy rates was investigated in fat-tailed Morkaraman ewes synchronised with different hormones (melatonin, norgestomet implant and eCG) early in anoestrus season. For this purpose, 40 healthy ewes (aged 2-4 years) allocated in the synchronised (n=30) and no-treated group (n=10) were used during mid-May (suckling period). On the eCG injection day, fertile rams (n=8) were introduced into the groups and, then the oestrus signs were visually monitored twice daily for 7 days. The oestrous ewes were allowed to hand-mate using rotational (four rams daily) mating system. Additionally, jugular blood samples were collected on the days of onset of oestrus (before mating) for determination of serum Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn levels. Presence of pregnancies was diagnosed by real-time ultrasonography 35 days post-mating. Totally, 25 ewes became pregnant (21 ewes with stimulated- and 4 with spontaneous oestrus), while 9 ewes (all received stimulation) were not pregnant. In non-pregnant ewes, unlike other minerals and elements, the Cu and Zn values were significantly lower than their reference values (for Cu: 0.87±0.16 mg/dl vs. 9.20 mg/dl; for Zn: 2.06±0.30 mg/dl vs. 3.8 mg/dl, resp.; P less than 0.01 in both cases). In pregnant ewes, the corresponding values remained unchanged (P>0.05). Hence, the present findings indicate that the low Cu and Zn levels during the oestrus might adversely affect the subsequent pregnancy rate in suckling ewes.

scholarly journals Determination of the activity of selected antioxidant enzymes during bovine laminitis, induced by oligofructose overload

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (05) ◽  
pp. 6398-2020
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ABID HAYAT ◽  
JIAFENG DING ◽  
YUEPENG LI ◽  
XIANHAO ZHANG ◽  
JIANTAO ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dairy Heifers

Alimentary oligofructose (OF) overload induces acute laminitis in dairy heifers. We examined the correlation between acute bovine laminitis and antioxidant levels by measuring the activities of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in dairy heifers with acute bovine laminitis. A total of 12 clinically healthy non-pregnant Chinese Holstein heifers, aged between 18-26 months (20.67 ± 3.01 mo), weighing 335-403 kg (379.71 ± 19.87 kg), and with BCS ranging from 2.7 to 3.3 were selected and divided into two groups of six animals: an OF-treated group and a control group. The OF-treated heifers (n = 6) received 17 g/kg BW of oligofructose dissolved in 2 L/100 kg BW of tap water, whereas the control heifers (n = 6) received 2 L/100 kg BW of tap water. Blood samples of OF-treated and the control heifers were collected at –72 h before, as well as 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after OF overload. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activity levels were measured by authenticated standard methods using blood samples. The mean concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in the OF-treated heifers from 24 h to 72 h and significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 18 h compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly higher (p < 0.01) at 24 h to 72 h and significant increased (p < 0.05) at 12 h to 18 h in OF-treated heifers compared with healthy heifers. There were no significant differences in GSH and CAT activities between the control and treatment groups. Our study showed that inadequate levels of antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) may be linked to oxidative stress in sick heifers. OF-treated heifers had decreased SOD and increased MDA in response to acute laminitis. Therefore, SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA activities may play a dynamic role in the etiopathogenesis of acute laminitis in dairy heifers. However, further detailed research is required to describe these responses and to develop strategies to control acute laminitis.

scholarly journals The effect of an extract from Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and on the survival of Escherichia coli

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (spe) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Terra Agostinho ◽  
Sebastião David Santos-Filho ◽  
Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca ◽  
Sotiris Missailidis ◽  
Mario Bernardo-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stannous Chloride ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Bacterial Cultures

This study evaluated effects of an aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc) and on the survival of cultures of Escherichia coli treated with stannous chloride. Blood samples from Wistar rats were treated with reishi extract, radiolabeling procedure was performed, plasma (P), blood cells (BC) and insoluble (IF) and soluble (SF) fractions of P and BC were separated. The radioactivity was counted for the determination of the percentages of radioactivity (%ATI). Cultures of Escherichia coli AB1157 were treated with stannous chloride in the presence and absence of reishi extract. Blood samples and bacterial cultures treated with NaCl 0.9% were used as controls. Data indicated that reishi extract altered significantly (p<0.05) the %ATI of P, BC, IF-P, SF-P, IF-BC and SF-BC, as well as increased the survival of bacterial cultures treated with stannous chloride. Our results suggest that reishi extract could present a redox/chelating action, altering the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc and protecting bacterial cultures against oxidative damage induced by stannous chloride.

scholarly journals Effects of chronic sucralose sweetener on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m, morphology of red blood cells and the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (spe) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle de Souza Rocha ◽  
Marcia de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Mônica de Oliveira Benarroz ◽  
Jacques Natan Grinapel Frydman ◽  
Angélica Beatriz Garcia-Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Quantitative Morphology ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Sodium Pertechnetate ◽  
Blood Smears

This work evaluates effects of the sweetener with sucralose on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc), on the morphology of red blood cells (RBC) and on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in Wistar rats. Animals were treated with sweetener for 8 days. Blood samples were withdrawn and the assay of labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc was performed. Blood cells (BC) and plasma (P) were isolated. Aliquots of BC and P were also precipitated, soluble and insoluble fractions separated. The radioactivity in each fraction was counted and percentage of incorporated radioactivity (%ATI) determined. Blood smears were prepared, fixed, stained and the qualitative and quantitative morphology of the RBC was evaluated under optical microscopy. In biodistribution experiments, sodium pertechnetate was administrated, organs and tissues isolated, radioactivity was counted and percentage of incorporated radioactivity per gram (%ATI/g) determined. The data showed no significant alterations in %ATI, morphology of RBC and in %ATI/g in the studied organs.

scholarly journals Determination of IgG avidity in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with Toxocara canis

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizandra Roselaine Schoenardie ◽  
Carlos James Scaini ◽  
Luciana Farias da Costa de Avila ◽  
Rita Leal Sperotto ◽  
Sibele Borsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
The Mean

Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease in that IgM titers can remain high for long periods making difficult to determine the stage of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the applicability of indirect ELISA, associated with urea, to discriminate between the acute and chronic toxocariasis. IgG avidity was evaluated in 25 BALB/c mice experimentally infected with 1000 Toxocara canis eggs. Blood samples were collected, and sera treated with 6 M urea and assayed by ELISA every two weeks. The percent IgG avidity was determined using the mean absorbance of sera treated with urea, divided by the mean absorbance of untreated sera. In the first 15 days post-inoculation, was observed a low percentage, between 7.25 and 27.5%, IgG avidity, characteristic of an acute infection. After 60 days of infection, all the mice showed between 31.4 and 58% IgG avidity, indicating a chronic infection.

scholarly journals Tracing the mineral from the soil to the plant to the animal blood part II. Effect of unlimed and limed grass on the chemical composition of goats' blood

1969 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-183
Author(s):  
J. A. Bonnet ◽  
A. R. Riera ◽  
L. Rivera Brenes ◽  
R. Orlandi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Concentration Curves

This paper reports spectrophotometric methods and transmittance-concentration curves for hemoglobin and iron in blood and phosphorus in blood serum and a photocolorimeter method and curve for calcium in blood serum. Fifteen cross-bred virgin female goats were randomized in groups of five and fed according to three treatments: unlimed grass, limed grass, and limed grass plus manganese per os. Amounts of grass fed to each animal and their monthly weights were recorded for a one-month prefeeding period, a two month pre-gestation period, and a six-month gestation period. Blood samples were also drawn monthly from each animal for determination of hemoglobin, iron, hematocrits, red blood cells and white blood cells in blood, and calcium and phosphorus in blood serum.

STUDIES ON A SEROLOGICAL PREGNANCY TEST: III

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaivola ◽  
U. Kiistala ◽  
E. Axelson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Pregnancy Test ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Improvement has been made in a serological haemagglutination inhibition method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in urine, using a highly purified, immunologically homogenous HCG in the preparation of antisera and in the coating of blood cells. Furthermore agar diffusion tests have been carried out with a view to clarifying the immunological nature and homogeneity of the HCG used.

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