Genetic evaluation of reproductive traits in Jersey crossbred heifersat an organized farm of eastern India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshuman Kumar ◽  
Ajoy Mandal ◽  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
Poonam Ratwan ◽  
Narendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Eastern Regional

The present study was conducted on data of reproductive traits (viz., age at first service and age at first calving) in Jersey crossbred heifers, maintained at the Eastern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, West Bengal over a period of 38 years (1977-2014) to determine the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors. The data were classified according to season of birth, period of birth of animals and distributed in eight genetic groups having different level of Jersey inheritance. The least square mean of age at first service (AFS) and age at first calving (AFC) were 750.61±12.35 and 1089.36±13.99 days respectively. Sire had highly significant (P<0.01) influence on both AFS and AFC in the present study whereas, the genetic group had only significant effect on age at first calving. The half-bred of Jersey and Tharparkar crosses (1/2 Jersey-1/2 Tharparkar) had significantly lower AFC (987.47±43.21 days) than half-bred of Jersey and Red Sindhi and other crosses in this study. Moreover, the animals having less than 50 % and more than 62.5 % Jersey inheritance had highest AFC than other crosses. On the other hand, period of birth had significant effect on both AFS and AFC; however, season of birth only influenced AFC. Heritability estimates of AFS and AFC were observed 0.46±0.19 and 0.30±0.19 respectively. Strong genetic correlation (0.81±0.19) was estimated between these traits. Since, these traits have moderate to high heritability, it indicates faster improvement of these traits through selection.

Effect of Different genetic and non-genetic factors on Pre weaninglitter and growth performance of pigs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purabi Kaushik ◽  
S. Banik ◽  
S. Naskar ◽  
K. Barman ◽  
A. A. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Better Than

The study was carried out on two different genetic groups of pig viz. Duroc and Hampshire maintained at pig breeding farm of National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati. Effect of different genetic group and non-genetic factors (year and season of farrowing and parity) were estimated by least squares analysis of variance for different litter production, weight and pre weaning growth rate. Genetic group and parity revealed highly significant (P less than 0.01) effect on all the traits under study. However, effect of year and season of birth was non significant in most of the cases. The pre weaning mortality of Hampshire pigs was found to be less than Duroc. The performance of litter production and weight traits of Hampshire pigs were found to be better than Duroc pigs in the farm.

scholarly journals Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Different Genetic Group of Buck’s Semen Quality and Quantity at National Livestock Breeding Center, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
R. Bastola ◽  
M.R. Kolachhapati ◽  
N.A. Gorkhali ◽  
R. Poudel ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Genetic Groups

This study was conducted to assess the quality and quantity aspects of different genetic group of buck’s semen used for Artificial Insemination (AI) at National Livestock Breeding Centre (NLBC), Pokhara. For this, records from different breeds and genetic groups of buck semen collected over 3 years (2014-2016) were analyzed. Parameters such as volume, density, mass motility, initial motility concentration and post thaw motility were analysed for various non-genetic factors like year, season, green based feeding. Data were analyzed by least square method using Harvey 1990 software package. The result showed that different genetic group of bucks (P<0.001) have highly significant effect (P=0.00) on volume of semen. Significant interaction (P=0.01, 0.001) was observed between year and season on volume and density of the semen. Similarly, different genetic group of bucks had significant effect on density (P=0.03). Year showed a significant effect (P=0.02) on initial motility of the buck semen. Similarly, significant interaction between year and season on initial motility percentage (P=0.01) and post thaw motility percentage (P=0.00) was found. Likewise, year has a significant effect (P=0.01) on the Post thaw motility percentage (P=0.03) of the semen. Also, a significant effect of different breed of buck was found on post thaw motility percentage (P=0.00). In addition, the average post thaw motility percentage semen of all the genetic groups of bucks was above 52% which is considered as a good percentage for the success of AI. This result might be due to use of egg yolk free extender which is soya-based protein. Moreover, adoption of new buck semen processing technologies might further improve the semen quality and long term storability along with better management and distribution of these buck semen by Government of Nepal through livestock unit at different municipalities will improve the conception rate and save huge effort and investment for the importation of buck semen.

HEIFER GROWTH IN SEVERAL STRAINS OF HOLSTEINS AND AYRSHIRES AND IN PROGENY OF AYRSHIRE COWS MATED TO BROW SWISS AND NORWEGIAN RED BULLS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. LEE ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. E. EMSLEY ◽  
J. P. F. DARISSE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
The Other ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Key Words Growth ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
First Time

Body weights and measurements were compared among several genetic groups from the 496 Holstein-based H line heifers and 344 Ayrshire-based A line heifers. Differences among herds (Charlottetown, P.E.I., Lennoxville and Normandin, Que.; Ottawa, Ont., and Lethbridge, Alta) were large and highly significant (P < 0.01) for age at first calving and all weights and measurements except birth weight. Year and season of birth effects were small and generally not significant (P > 0.05). Birth weights were 4.1 kg lighter for calves from first parity dams and 1.4 kg lighter for second parity dams than fourth or later parity dams. Heifers calving at earlier ages for the first time were generally heavier and larger at 66 and 82 wk than those calving later, reflecting the effects of concurrent pregnancy. H line heifers were significantly heavier and larger in all measurements than A line heifers. Differences among the Canadian, American, and Research Branch Holstein sire groups were small and generally not significant (P > 0.05). Brown Swiss progeny were significantly (P < 0.05) taller at the withers and longer in the rump and generally larger than progeny of other A line sire groups. Norwegian Red progeny were the most similar to the Brown Swiss, followed by the other Ayrshire groups. Key words: Growth, heifers, Holsteins, Ayrshires, Brown Swiss, Norwegian Red

Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting body weights in Sahiwal × Friesian crosses

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Taneja ◽  
P. N. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Body Weights

SUMMARYThe data were collected from seven dairy farms in India on Sahiwal × Friesian crosses over a period of 30 years (1937–1966). There were nine distinct genetic groups (grades); Sahiwal, 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4 and 7/8 Friesian and Indian Friesians (animals having 15/16 or more Friesian blood).Least-square analysis of variance was run to examine the effects of grades, farms, periods, seasons, and breed of sire on body weights at birth, 19 weeks, 12 months and 3 years. The effects due to grades, farms and periods were significant for all the traits. The effects due to season and breed of sire were significant for all traits except for weight at 3 years.The least-square constants showed that, with increase in Friesian inheritance, birth weight increased considerably, while the increase in body weights at 19 weeks, 12 months and 3 years was only marked up to the 1/2-Friesian group.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters of litter weights of Khari goats and their response towards different non-genetic factors under low input management system in Nawalparasi, Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
N. Bhattarai ◽  
M. R. Kolachhapati ◽  
N. R. Devkota ◽  
U. C. Thakur ◽  
S. P. Neopane
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genes ◽  
Birth Type

Accurate estimates of genetic parameters are important for genetic improvement in Khari goats. In this regard, altogether 1005 adult does of Khari goat in Deurali VDC, Nawalparasi were evaluated in terms of litter weight at birth (LWB) and litter weight at weaning (LWW) and their genetic parameters from February, 2012 to January 2015. Least square means (LSM) and standard errors of the mean (SEM) for these traits were determined with respect to some non-genetic factors such as altitude, season of conception, season of kidding, dam’s parity, dam’s size at conception, and birth type. Accordingly, Overall LSM±SE of LWB and LWW in present study were determined 3.97±0.06 and 18.21±0.34 Kgs., respectively. Where, LWB did not differed significantly with altitude and dam’s parity, however, it was significantly influenced (p<0.001) by the season of conception, season of kidding, dam’s size at conception, and birth type. Similarly, LWW was significantly varied with respect to altitude (p<0.01), season of conception (<0.001), season of kidding (<0.05), dam’s parity (<0.001), dam’s size at conception (<0.001), and birth type (<0.001). Moderately high heritability estimates of LWB (0.52±0.16) and LWW (0.56±0.17) indicated that these traits were under the strong influence of additive genes and selection based the superiority of individual doe would be appropriate for successful genetic improvement. Highly significant positive genetic (rA=0.95) and phenotypic correlation (rP=0.91) between LWB and LWW suggested that selection for any of these trait would result in considerable positive change in other trait. More specifically, LWB can be used as a guide to select replacement does targeting to increased LWW within the herd. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 251-258

scholarly journals Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits of Pakhribas Pig in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Shreeram P. Neopane
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The People ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Pakhribas pig is a black colour pig and is highly preferred by the people in the Eastern hills of Nepal. This breed was developed in Nepal by three-way crossing of exotic breeds  (Saddle back, Fayuen and Tamworth) at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Pakhribas, the then Pakhribas Agricultural Centre (PAC). The data of 348 pigs, born over a period of fifteen years (1990 to 2004) were used to study the effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits and estimate their genetic parameters. The findings revealed that the   overall gestation length and farrowing intervals were 113.7 ± 0.12 days and 182.5 ± 2.2 days, respectively. Season of birth and parity of dams were not important sources of variation for reproductive traits, where as year affected these traits significantly. Heritability estimates of gestation length was low (0.02 ± 0.094), but heritability for farrowing interval was moderate (0.14 ± 0.147) suggesting selection based on farrowing interval would bring the improvement in the trait.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 77-81DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11584

Effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on milk yield and milk constituents on Sahiwal cattle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Verma ◽  
G. K. Sachdeva ◽  
Alok Kumar Yadav ◽  
S. Gautam ◽  
M. M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The present study pertained to records on milk production and milk constituents of 259 Sahiwal cattle with 600 lactations spread over a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2010, collected from Dairy Cattle Breeding division of National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana. To study the effect of various genetic and non-genetic factors on milk yield and milk constituents traits, mixed model least square analysis was used for analysis of data. Overall least square mean for all lactation traits of total milk yield (TMY), milk yield in 305 days or less (305MY), lactational average fat % (LFA) and lactational average solid not fat % (LSA) were 1880.39 ± 73.82 Kg, 1782.97 ± 68.37 Kg, 4.71 ± 0.01 % and 8.81 ± 0.01 % respectively. Analysis of variance showed that the differences were statistically significant for the effect of sire on TMY and 305MY; period on all the traits except TMY; parity on 305MY. However the effect of season of calving was not found significant on all the traits.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal genetic merit and country of origin on ewe reproductive performance, lambing performance and ewe survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Fetherstone ◽  
N McHugh ◽  
T M Boland ◽  
F M McGovern
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the ewe’s maternal genetic merit and country of origin (New Zealand or Ireland) on ewe reproductive, lambing and productivity traits. The study was performed over a four year period (2016 to 2019) and consisted of three genetic groups: high maternal genetic merit New Zealand (NZ), high maternal genetic merit Irish (High Irish) and low maternal genetic merit Irish (Low Irish) ewes. Each group contained 30 Suffolk and 30 Texel ewes, selected based on the respective national maternal genetic indexes; i.e. either the New Zealand Maternal Worth (New Zealand group) or the €uro-star Replacement index (Irish groups). The impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as litter size; lambing traits such as gestation length, birth weight, lambing difficulty, mothering ability, and productivity traits such as the number of lambs born and weaned were analyzed using linear mixed models. For binary traits, the impact of maternal genetic merit on reproductive traits such as conception to first AI service; lambing traits such as dystocia, perinatal lamb mortality and productivity traits such as ewe survival were analyzed using logistic regression. New Zealand ewes outperformed Low Irish ewes for conception to first AI (P&lt;0.05) and litter size (P=0.05). Irish ewes were more likely to suffer from dystocia (6.84 (High Irish) and 8.25 (Low Irish) times) compared to NZ ewes (P&lt;0.001); birth weight and perinatal mortality did not differ between groups (P&gt;0.05). Lambs born from NZ ewes were 4.67 (95% CI: 1.89 to 11.55; P&lt;0.001) and 6.54 (95% CI: 2.56 to 16.71; P&lt;0.001) times more likely to stand up and suckle unassisted relative to lambs born from High or Low Irish ewes, respectively. New Zealand and High Irish ewes had a greater number of lambs born and weaned throughout the duration of the study compared to their Low Irish counterparts (P&lt;0.001). New Zealand ewes tended to be more likely to survive from one year to the next compared to Low Irish ewes (P=0.07). Irish ewes of high maternal genetic merit outperformed their Low counterparts in total number of lambs born and weaned per ewe, but performance did not differ across other traits investigated. This highlights the importance of continuous development of the Irish maternal sheep index to ensure favourable improvements in reproductive, lambing and productivity traits at farm level. Overall, results demonstrate the suitability of NZ genetics in an Irish production system.

scholarly journals Maternal inheritance on reproductive traits in Brangus-Ibagé cattle

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ernani Henkes ◽  
Magda Vieira Benavides ◽  
João Francisco Coelho Oliveira ◽  
José Carlos Ferrugem Moraes ◽  
Tania Azevedo Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Cytoplasmic inheritance influence on reproductive traits was investigated in the Brangus-Ibagé cattle (3/8 Nelore x 5/8 Aberdeen Angus). Additive genetic effects were responsible for 12% ± 11% of phenotypic variation observed in first calving interval, but their contribution dropped to zero when all calving intervals (CI) were considered. The heritability estimate for age at first calving (AFC, in days) was 0.19 ± 0.09. Mitochondrial lineage (MIT) had negligible effects on phenotypic variances of calving interval (0.0 ± 0.02), calf birth weight (0.0 ± 0.01), and cow weight at calving (0.0 ± 0.01). However, for the age at first calving, MIT accounted for 0.15 ± 0.07 of total variation. Cow weight at calving had a significant linear effect on CI and AFC. Three D-loop mtDNA mutations significantly affected either calving interval (T®C at sites 16,113 and 16,119) or calf birth weight (T®C at site 16,113). The C variants had decreased CI (29 and 32 days, respectively) and increased calf weight (0.6kg). Although the effects were small, direct selection for these mutation-carrier cows might improve the reproductive and developmental performance in this herd.

scholarly journals Influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on the reproductive traits in ewes

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
A.S. Kramarenko ◽  
S.S. Kramarenko ◽  
S.I. Lugovoy ◽  
K.I. Havryliuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits
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