scholarly journals Species Diversity and Composition of Chalcidids Wasps (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera) on Tidal Swamp Rice Field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahlul Ikhsan ◽  
Hidrayani . ◽  
Yaherwandi . ◽  
Hasmiandy Hamid ◽  
Rosichon Ubaidillah
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
New Record ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Richness Index

Background: Indragiri Hilir District has the most extensive rice harvest area and is the most significant contributor to rice production in Riau Province. Family Chalcididae is a parasitoid insect that can act as a biological agent to reduce pest attacks on rice. This research aimed to study the species diversity of Chalcididae on tidal swamp rice fields in Indragiri Hilir District. Methods: Sampling was carried out in two periods of rice planting. Samplings were conducted in 4 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang, Reteh and Tembilahan Hulu, using three sampling techniques (i.e., insect net, malaise trap and yellow pan trap). Diversity index (H’), Species richness index (d), Species Evenness index (J’) and Similarity Index (Is) were calculated. Result: We found 127 individuals consisting of 5 genera and 11 species of Chalcididae were found in the four studied areas. Among them, Antrocephalus lugubris, A. maculipennis, Brachymeria excarinata, B. minuta and Dirhinus anthracia. B. excarinata and Antrocephalus sp. are reported as a new record to Indonesia and were found in all study locations. B. excarinata has the highest abundance of individuals. The shape of the landscape can influence the diversity index, species abundance and individual abundance of Chalcididae.

scholarly journals SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OFANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)ON TIDAL SWAMP RICE IN INDRAGIRI HILIR, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 658-664
Author(s):  
Zahlul Ikhsan ◽  
◽  
Hidrayani a ◽  
Yaherwandi b ◽  
Hasmiandy Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
High Diversity

Indonesia has a high diversity of ant species, but much remains unreported. In agricultural habitats, ants can act as predators, decomposers, and bioindicators for agricultural ecosystems health. This research aimed to study the species diversity of Formicidae on tidal swamp rice fields in Indragiri Hilir District. Sampling was carried out in two periods of rice planting. Samples were conducted in 4 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely BatangTuaka, Keritang, Reteh, and Tembilahan Hulu, using four sampling techniques (i.e., insect net, malaise trap, yellow pan trap, and pitfall trap). Diversity index (H ), Species richness index (d), Species Evenness index (J), and Similarity Index (Is) were calculated. We found 5,754 individuals consisting of 5 subfamilies and 43 species of Formicidae at the four studied areas. Subfamily Myrmicinaehas the highest individual abundance, 2.578 individuals, followed by subfamily Formicinae1.823 individuals, subfamily Ponerinae 776 individuals, subfamily Dolichoderinae 575 individuals, and subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae 2 individuals. Diversity of plant species and environmental factors can affect the diversity index, species abundance, and abundance of individual Ants.

scholarly journals The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHLUL IKHSAN ◽  
HIDRAYANI ◽  
YAHERWANDI ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

scholarly journals The abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Koneri ◽  
MEIS J. NANGOY ◽  
PARLUHUTAN SIAHAAN
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index

Abstract. Koneri R, Nangoy MJ, Siahaan P. 2019. The abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3275-3283. Butterflies play a number of roles in the ecosystem. They help pollination and natural propagation and also are an important element of the food chain as prey for bats, birds, and other insectivorous animals. This study aimed to analyze the abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in the Talaud Islands of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sampling method used was scan sampling along the transect line in three habitat types, namely, forest edge, farmland, and shrubland. The species diversity was determined by using the diversity index (Shanon-Wiener), the species richness index was calculated using the Margalef species richness index (R1), while species evenness was counted by using the Shannon evenness index (E). One-way ANOVA and Duncan test at the 95% significance level were used to determine differences in species richness, species abundance, species diversity values, and species evenness among habitat. In this study, we identified 1008 individuals of butterfly consisted of 32 species and five families. Nymphalidae was the dominant family with 15 species, while the highest abundance species was Eurema tominia. The highest species abundance, species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index were found in forest edge habitat. The largest similarity index of the composition of the butterfly communities was found in forest edge and farmland habitats. The abundance and diversity of butterfly species in a habitat are strongly influenced by the diversity of vegetation as shelter and source of nectar for butterflies, and the existence of a river as a source of water and minerals from wet rocks, mud, and sand along the riverside.

scholarly journals Distance Effects on Diversity and Abundance of the Flower Visitors of Ocimum kilimandscharicum in the Kakamega Forest Ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen K. Mandela ◽  
Mugatsia H. Tsingalia ◽  
Mary Gikungu ◽  
Wilbur M. Lwande
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Kakamega Forest ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

Pollination is an important ecosystem service in the maintenance of biodiversity and most importantly in food production. Pollination is on the decline due to habitat loss, exotic species invasions, pollution, overharvesting, and land use changes. This study analyzed the abundance and diversity of flower visitors’ of Ocimum kilimandscharicum in Kakamega forest with increasing distance from the forest edge. Data were collected through direct observation and sweep netting. Six study sites were identified along two transects each 2.5 km long and labeled A to F. Distance in metres from the forest edge to each site was A=221, B=72, C=83, D=198, E=113, and F=50. Sampling was done from 7:30 am to 4:00 pm, three days in a week for five months consecutively. Diversity indices of different flower visitors were calculated using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare differences between sites and a two-sample t-test was used to identify mean significant differences in species diversity between the closest and the furthest sites. A total of 645 individuals belonging to 35 species were captured from 4 families. The highest diversity was at site F (H’= 2.38) which was closest to the forest edge and the lowest diversity was from site A (H’=1.44) which was furthest from the forest edge. Distance from the forest edge significantly influenced species diversity (F(3, 20)=14.67, p=0.024). Distance from the forest edge also significantly influenced species abundance between the furthest sites A, D, and E and the nearest sites F, B, and C to the forest edge (t=4.177; p=0.0312) and species richness (t=3.2893; p=0.0187). This study clearly demonstrates that Ocimum kilimandscharicum flower visitors play essential roles in pollination and their higher number of visits translates into higher numbers of seeds set. Many of these pollinators are associated with the forest and hence the need to conserve the Kakamega forest as a source pool for pollinators.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU-PAKUAN (PTERIDOPHYTA) DAN KONDISI TEMPAT TUMBUHNYA PADA HUTAN RAWA GAMBUT SEKUNDER DAN LAHAN GAMBUT TERBUKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Furwoko Kirno ◽  
Dwi Astiani ◽  
Hanna Artuti Ekamawanti
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Index Value

The activities of the community around the peat swamp forest cause disruption of the ecosystem from the sustainability of the forest area's resources. Land clearing and peatland fires also affect the presence of ferns. The new environmental conditions due to changes in land cover cause ferns to be affected by these changes. Kuala Dua Village Kubu Raya Regency has secondary peat swamp forest and open peat land due to fires 3-4 years earlier so it is overgrown with a variety of new types of flora, one of which is a type of fern. The objective of the study is to describe species diversity of ferns and their site conditions in secondary peat swamp forests and open peatlands of Kuala Dua Village, Kubu Raya District. This research was conducted with survey method using multiple plot samples. The plots determination was done by purposive sampling which was taken place on the site where there were many species of ferns land. Three plots were on each land covered condition with a plot size of 5 m x 5 m that divided into 25 of a 1 m x 1 m sub plots. The results show that 5 species of ferns found in peat swamp forest and 4 species of ferns were found on open peatlands. The species that has the highest INP value in the forest was Asplenium belangeri and the species that has the INP value in open peatland was Nephrolefis falcata. Dominant Index, Spesies Diversity Index and Spesies Abudance Index were 0,12 and 0,18; 0,30 and 0,36; 0,51 and 0,52 on the forest and open peatland respectively. The Similarity Index value (IS) of ferns in secondary peat swamp forest and open peatland is 44%. The study shows dissimility of species fern in peat swamp forests and open peatlands.Keywords: Open peatland, Pteridophyta, secondary peat swamp forest

scholarly journals Butterfly diversity of Putalibazar Municipality, Syangja District, Gandaki Province, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 18827-18845
Author(s):  
Kismat Neupane ◽  
Mahamad Sayab Miya
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Butterfly Diversity ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

A study was carried out to find the butterfly species diversity and abundance in Putalibazar Municipality, Syangja, Gandaki, Nepal, from June 2019 to July 2020. Pollard walk method was used for data collection in three different habitat types: forest, agricultural land, and settlement area. The study was performed in all seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, post monsoon and winter. A total of 180 butterfly species from 108 genera and six families were recorded. The overall Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was 4.48. The highest diversity was represented by the Nymphalidae with 67 species (H= 3.79). Butterfly diversity and species abundance was highest in the forest area (147 species, 1199 individuals; H= 4.47). The highest species richness (109 species) was observed in the monsoon season.

scholarly journals Ecology-faunistic analysis of blackflies (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) of hydrobiocenesis on the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
A. Tepliuk ◽  
T. Tepliuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Quantitative Correlation ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
North Eastern

It has been installed that the species richness of the blackflies of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians counts 38 species of 2 genera: Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906 (2 species) and Simulium Latreille, 1802 (36 species). 20 species develop in the streams (Simpson's species diversity index (Іs) equals to 0,22), and 26 species develop in the rivers (Іs – 0,10). There are 8 common species of Simuliidae for both types of watercourses (similarity index by Czekanowski/Sørensen (І) is 0,26). 12 species of blackflies develop only in the streams, and 18 species develop only in the rivers. S. trifasciatum Curtis, 1839, S. reptanoides Carlsson, 1962, S. ornatum Meigen, 1818 and S. intermedium Roubaud, 1906 dominate in the hydrobiocenoses of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians. S. trifasciatum and S. ornatum are widespread. It has been discovered that Simuliidae fauna of main altitudinal zonal plant groups of the region differs in composition and quantitative correlation of species. S. intermedium, S. ornatum, S. reptans Linnaeus, 1758 and S. trifasciatum are eurytopic. In the hydrobiocenoses of the district of beech forests has been registered 31 species (Is – 0.09), and in the watercourses of the district of spruce mountain Carpathian forests has been registered 24 species (Is – 0.18). It has been found out that with the decrease of height in the district of the beech forests, the value of Simpson's species diversity index decreases from 0.16 (20 species) in the subdistrict of the dark-coniferous-beech watershed forests to 0.11 (21 species) in the subdistrict of fir-beech and beech-fir precarpathian forests.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN KEPITING BIOLA PADA KAWASAN HUTAN MANGROVE DESA KARIMUNTING KECAMATAN SUNGAI RAYA KEPULAUAN KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanafi Hanafi ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Ahmad Yani
Keyword(s):  
Fiddler Crab ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fiddler Crabs ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
Index Value

Karimunting Village is a coastal area that has a mangrove with contained several faunas in it, one of which is a fiddler crab. The fiddler crab is a Decapoda ordo and it is included in the Ocypodidae family. This study aims to collect data on the diversity of fiddler crabs in Karimunting Village. The method used in this study is a survey, while the sample is collected by applying the transect line with a purposive sampling technique. The transect line is 500 m length, with a total of three lanes. There are ten plots of 1x1 meter in size in each transect lines to pick up fiddler crabs. Fiddler crabs species were found in 6 species, namely Uca paradussumieri, Uca annulipes, Uca forcipata, Uca rosea, Uca crassipes and Uca tetragonon. The Shannon-Winner species diversity index (H') of fiddler crabs in 1st and 2nd lanes both are categorized medium, while in the 3rd lane is categorized low. The range of values H'=0,3-1,5. The value of species abundance index (Xi) ranges from 3-16.6 ind/m2. The value of evenness index (e) ranges from 0,72 to 0,84. The dominance index value (C) ranges from 0,3 to 0,5 categorized as the absence of the dominant species of fiddler crab. Comparison of species similarity index (IS) for each lane is categorized differently, for the 1st and 2nd lane the index is 91% and categorized as having high species similarity, then in 2nd and 3rd lane the index is 75% and categorized as having a medium species similarity, whereas the index for 1st and 3rd is 60%, therefore it is categorized as having low species similarity.Keyword: Diversity, Fiddler Crab, Karimunting Village

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Spesies Anggota Ordo Anura di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi Tahun 2012

Biosfera ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Donan Satria Yudha ◽  
Yonathan Yonathan ◽  
Rury Eprilurahman ◽  
Septiana Indriawan ◽  
Eka Cahyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Merapi Volcano ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Evenness Index

Merapi volcano as one of national park is an ecotourism site which is very potential to visit. Information about species diversity for a national park is very important especially if its area fluctuated susceptibly. Two years after 2010 Merapi eruption, there are no research about species diversity and evenness of Anuran in that place. The research is carried out during June-November 2012 which is dry season. The objective of this research is to study the species diversity and evenness of Anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi. The research is carried out in 6 locations; those are Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, Petak Pitu, Bukit Turgo, and Bukit Plawangan. We used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method combined with transect in Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, and Petak Pitu. VES method combined with time search in Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo. VES method combined with track exploration in Bukit Plawangan. Species diversity is analyzed with Shanon-Wiener diversity index. Species evenness is analyzed with Pielou evenness index. Total individuals each species is counted to know species abundance. Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is consisted of 12 species’ which is distributed in 6 locations. The highest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Bukit Turgo (H’=1.31; E=0.94). The lowest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Petak Pitu (H’=0.49; E=0.3). Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is low (Bukit Turgo and Kali Kuning) and very low (Bukit Plawangan, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, and Petak Pitu). Species evenness of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is stable (Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo), still labil (Bukit Plawangan, Kali Kuning, and Telogo Muncar), and oppressed (Petak Pitu).

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Belalang dan Kerabatnya (Orthoptera) pada Dua Ekosistem Pegunungan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
NETY VIRGO ERAWATI ◽  
SIH KAHONO
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sweep Net

A study on diversity and abundance of grasshopper and its relatives (Orthoptera) was conducted at two mountainous rainforest ecosystems (Mounts Kendeng and Botol) of Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. A hundred meters of a line transect was used to sample and set up several insect traps (yellow pan, malaise, pit fall, bait pit fall, sweep net, and light traps), and insect sweepings as well. The light traps were set up at about fifty meters distance from the end of the sampling sites. A total individual collected by traps was combined on every comparable sampling site. Total individuals of the Orthoptera captured were 414; consisted of 25 species of 9 families. Both species diversity and number of families were higher at Mount Kendeng rather than Mount Botol. Number of species of each family usually similar except on family of Grillidae was much higher at Mount Kendeng. Species belong to Phasmidae was not recorded at Mount Kendeng, while species belong to both families of Gryllotalpidae and Tettigonidae were not captured at Mount Botol as well. Overal there was a difference in the species richness at each between. Shannon Diversity Index (H’) and evenness (E) were higher at Mount Kendeng (2.44 and 0.81) rather than Mount Botol (1.80 and 0.66). Similarity Index of Jaccard (Cj) and Sorenson (Cn) of both localities were similar (0.40 and 0.32). Herbivores were most dominant at both localities (Phasmidae, Tetrigidae, Acrididae, Gryllidae, dan Gryllotalpidae), followed by omnivores (Blattidae), scavenger (Gryllacrididae), and predator (Mantidae).

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