scholarly journals Influence of companion diagnostics on efficacy and safety of targeted anti-cancer drugs: systematic review and meta-analyses

Oncotarget ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (37) ◽  
pp. 39538-39549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ocana ◽  
Josee-Lyne Ethier ◽  
Laura Díez-González ◽  
Verónica Corrales-Sánchez ◽  
Amirrtha Srikanthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Companion Diagnostics ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Meta Analyses

1204 Influence of companion diagnostics on efficacy and safety of targeted anti-cancer drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. S172-S173
Author(s):  
J.L. Ethier ◽  
L. Dýez-González ◽  
V. Corrales-Sánchez ◽  
A. Srikanthan ◽  
M.J. Gascón-Escribano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Companion Diagnostics ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and safety of interventions for treating head lice: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001129
Author(s):  
Bill Stevenson ◽  
Wubshet Tesfaye ◽  
Julia Christenson ◽  
Cynthia Mathew ◽  
Solomon Abrha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundHead lice infestation is a major public health problem around the globe. Its treatment is challenging due to product failures resulting from rapidly emerging resistance to existing treatments, incorrect treatment applications and misdiagnosis. Various head lice treatments with different mechanism of action have been developed and explored over the years, with limited report on systematic assessments of their efficacy and safety. This work aims to present a robust evidence summarising the interventions used in head lice.MethodThis is a systematic review and network meta-analysis which will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement for network meta-analyses. Selected databases, including PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be systematically searched for randomised controlled trials exploring head lice treatments. Searches will be limited to trials published in English from database inception till 2021. Grey literature will be identified through Open Grey, AHRQ, Grey Literature Report, Grey Matters, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number registry. Additional studies will be sought from reference lists of included studies. Study screening, selection, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality will be undertaken by two independent reviewers, with disagreements resolved via a third reviewer. The primary outcome measure is the relative risk of cure at 7 and 14 days postinitial treatment. Secondary outcome measures may include adverse drug events, ovicidal activity, treatment compliance and acceptability, and reinfestation. Information from direct and indirect evidence will be used to generate the effect sizes (relative risk) to compare the efficacy and safety of individual head lice treatments against a common comparator (placebo and/or permethrin). Risk of bias assessment will be undertaken by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the certainty of evidence assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations guideline for network meta-analysis. All quantitative analyses will be conducted using STATA V.16.DiscussionThe evidence generated from this systematic review and meta-analysis is intended for use in evidence-driven treatment of head lice infestations and will be instrumental in informing health professionals, public health practitioners and policy-makers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017073375.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Acupoint Catgut Embedding for Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Qinwei Fu ◽  
Shasha Yang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Yaofeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Meta Analyses

In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupoint catgut embedding for the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. We searched seven online databases to collect studies published up to Feb 29th, 2020. Study quality of each included article was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted based on the Cochrane systematic review method by using RevMan 5.3 software. Among the included trials, acupoint catgut embedding alone or plus oral western medicine or plus other acupoint-based therapies, or plus oral traditional Chinese medicine were the main therapies in the experimental groups. Interventions in control groups mainly include oral western medicine alone, other acupoint-based therapies alone, or other acupoint-based therapies alone. Primary outcomes in this study include recovery rate, accumulative marked effective rate, accumulative effective rate, and recurrence rate. Finally, 30 trials involving 1889 participants were included. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses show that acupoint catgut embedding alone or plus oral western medicine or plus other acupoint-based therapy or plus oral traditional Chinese medicine was significantly better compared with using oral western medicine alone in terms of efficacy for IBS-C and IBS-D. In addition, acupoint catgut embedding alone or plus oral western medicine or plus other acupoint-based therapy or plus oral traditional Chinese medicine could improve the effective rate and decrease the recurrence rate for IBS-D compared with using oral western medicine, other acupoint-based therapies, or oral traditional Chinese medicine alone. Adverse events of acupoint catgut embedding include local induration, redness, swelling, and itchiness, but they were all mild and disappeared swiftly with ordinary local interventions. There is an urgent need for RCTs of high quality and large sample size and with longer treatment duration and follow-up periods of acupoint catgut embedding for IBS.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Dabigatran vs. Rivaroxaban among Asians with non-valvular atrial fibrillation：Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jia ◽  
Mingming Zhou ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Luhai Yu ◽  
Xiangyan He
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Systemic Embolism ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Atrial fibrillation(AF) increases the risk of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism in patients. Moreover, Asian patients with AF are more likely to have ischemic stroke than non-Asian patients. Oral anticoagulants could effectively prevent thrombotic events. Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban are two most commonly used novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in Asia, but those clinicial studies in relation with them are mostly in American and European countries. Therefore, whether there are differences between Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban among Asian patients with AF in terms of efficacy and safety is still unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis will mainly assess clinical efficacy and safety of Dabigatran versus Rivaroxaban in Asian patients with AF by a pooled analysis. We will follow the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) and the reporting MOOSE (Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) when performing this study. Then Cochrane Library,Web of Science, PubMed and China national knowledge infrastructure will be searched for eligible retrospective investigation that report the efficacy and safety outcomes of AF patients who utilised Dabigatran or Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention in Asian countries. The abovementioned database will be comprehensively searched from inception to September 30, 2019 to locate all potentially eligible studies. Outcome measures will include safety and efficacy indicators. Safety indicators include intracranial hemorrhage, major bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding. Efficacy indicators include systemic embolism and stroke. New evidence for clinical profile of Dabigatran versus Rivaroxaban in AF patients will be provided for decision-making of Asian patients.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020156197

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Preclinical Studies of Anti-Cancer Drugs in Solid Tumors

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikatsu Koga ◽  
Atsushi Ochiai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pdx Models

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are used as powerful tools for understanding cancer biology in PDX clinical trials and co-clinical trials. In this systematic review, we focus on PDX clinical trials or co-clinical trials for drug development in solid tumors and summarize the utility of PDX models in the development of anti-cancer drugs, as well as the challenges involved in this approach, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Recently, the assessment of drug efficacy by PDX clinical and co-clinical trials has become an important method. PDX clinical trials can be used for the development of anti-cancer drugs before clinical trials, with their efficacy assessed by the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST). A few dozen cases of PDX models have completed enrollment, and the efficacy of the drugs is assessed by 1 × 1 × 1 or 3 × 1 × 1 approaches in the PDX clinical trials. Furthermore, co-clinical trials can be used for personalized care or precision medicine with the evaluation of a new drug or a novel combination. Several PDX models from patients in clinical trials have been used to assess the efficacy of individual drugs or drug combinations in co-clinical trials.

Strategies to Facilitate Access to High-Cost Anti-Cancer Drugs: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanthawat Patikorn ◽  
Rungpetch Sakulbumrungsil ◽  
Dennis Ross-Degnan ◽  
Suthira Taychakhoonavudh ◽  
Puree Anantachoti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Senna alata (akapulko) Extract versus Topical Antifungals for Treatment of Superficial Fungal Skin Infections: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Jane L. Tababa ◽  
Rowena Natividad S. Flores-Genuino ◽  
Charissa Mia D. Salud-Gnilo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Mycologic Cure ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Senna Alata

Objective. The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Senna alata (akapulko) plant extracts compared with topical antifungals in the treatment of superficial fungal skin infections. Methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that studied patients with diagnosed cutaneous tinea or dermatophytosis (excluding hair and nail), tinea versicolor, or cutaneous candidiasis, via microscopy or culture, and compared the efficacy and safety of S. alata (akapulko) extract versus topical antifungals. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts of merged search results from electronic databases (The Cochrane Skin Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE (January 1990 to December 2011), Health Research and Development Information Network (HERDIN), and reference lists of articles), assessed eligibility, assessed the risk of bias using the domains in the Cochrane Risk Bias tool and collected data using a pretested Data extraction form (DEF). Meta-analyses were performed when feasible. Results. We included seven RCTs in the review. There is low certainty of evidence that S. alata 50% lotion is as efficacious as sodium thiosulfate 25% lotion (RR 0.91, 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.04; 4 RCTs, n=216; p=0.15; I2=52%) and high quality evidence that S. alata cream is as efficacious as ketoconazole (RR 0.95, 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.09; 1 RCT, n=40; p=0.44) and terbinafine cream (RR 0.93, 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.01; 1 RCT, n=150; p=0.09) in mycologic cure. For adverse effects, there is very low certainty of evidence of increased harm with S. alata 50% lotion compared to sodium thiosulfate 25% lotion (RR 1.26, 95% CI, 0.46, 3.44; 2 RCTs, n=120; p=0.65; I2=19%). Adverse effects were few and mild. Conclusion. S. Alata 50% lotion may be as efficacious as sodium thiosulfate 25% lotion and is as efficacious as ketoconazole 2% and terbinafine 1% creams. There is insufficient evidence to compare the safety of S. alata 50% lotion with sodium thiosulfate 25% lotion

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