scholarly journals Role of microRNA221 in regulating normal mammary epithelial hierarchy and breast cancer stem-like cells

Oncotarget ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 3709-3721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ke ◽  
Zhiju Zhao ◽  
Su-Hyung Hong ◽  
Shoumin Bai ◽  
Zhen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Normal Mammary Epithelial

scholarly journals The Role of BRCA1/2-Mutated Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Svetlana Miklikova ◽  
Lenka Trnkova ◽  
Jana Plava ◽  
Martin Bohac ◽  
Marcela Kuniakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Incidence Rate ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Taking into account the factors of high incidence rate, prevalence and mortality, breast cancer represents a crucial social and economic burden. Most cases of breast cancer develop as a consequence of somatic mutations accumulating in mammary epithelial cells throughout lifetime and approximately 5–10% can be ascribed to monogenic predispositions. Even though the role of genetic predispositions in breast cancer is well described in the context of genetics, very little is known about the role of the microenvironment carrying the same aberrant cells impaired by the germline mutation in the breast cancer development and progression. Based on the clinical observations, carcinomas carrying mutations in hereditary tumor-suppressor genes involved in maintaining genome integrity such as BRCA1/2 have worse prognosis and aggressive behavior. One of the mechanisms clarifying the aggressive nature of BRCA-associated tumors implies alterations within the surrounding adipose tissue itself. The objective of this review is to look at the role of BRCA1/2 mutations in the context of breast tumor microenvironment and plausible mechanisms by which it contributes to the aggressive behavior of the tumor cells.

scholarly journals Integrin Signaling in Mammary Epithelial Cells and Breast Cancer

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur W. Lambert ◽  
Sait Ozturk ◽  
Sam Thiagalingam
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Integrin Signaling ◽  
Normal Mammary Gland ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Sense And Respond

Cells sense and respond to the extracellular matrix (ECM) by way of integrin receptors, which facilitate cell adhesion and intracellular signaling. Advances in understanding the mammary epithelial cell hierarchy are converging with new developments that reveal how integrins regulate the normal mammary gland. But in breast cancer, integrin signaling contributes to the development and progression of tumors. This paper highlights recent studies which examine the role of integrin signaling in mammary epithelial cells and their malignant counterparts.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in the development and neoplasia of the mammary gland

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Altered Expression

Study on the role of microRNAs (miRs) as regulators of gene expression through posttranscriptional gene silencing is currently gaining much interest,due to their wide involvement in different physiological processes. Understanding mammary gland development, lactation, and neoplasia in relation to miRs is essential. miR expression profiling of the mammary gland from different species in various developmental stages shows their role as critical regulators of development. miRs such as miR-126, miR-150, and miR-145 have been shown to be involved in lipid metabolism during lactation. In addition, lactogenic hormones influence miR expression as evidenced by overexpression of miR-148a in cow mammary epithelial cells, leading to enhanced lactation. Similarly, the miR-29 family modulates lactation-related gene expression by regulating DNA methylation of their promoters. Besides their role in development, lactation and involution, miRs are responsible for breast cancer development. Perturbed estrogen (E2) signaling is one of the major causes of breast cancer. Increased E2 levels cause altered expression of ERα, and ERα-miR cross-talk promotes tumour progression. miRs, such as miR-206, miR-34a, miR-17-5p, and miR-125 a/b are found to be tumour suppressors; whereas miR-21, miR-10B, and miR-155 are oncogenes. Oncogenic miRs like miR-21, miR-221, and miR-210 are overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer cases which can be diagnostic biomarker for this subtype of cancer.  This review focuses on the recent findings concerning the role of miRs in developmental stages of the mammary gland (mainly lactation and involution stages) and their involvement in breast cancer progression. Further studies in this area will help us to understand the molecular details of mammary gland biology, as well as miRs that could be therapeutic targets of breast cancer.

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