scholarly journals Zinc improves learning and memory abilities of fetal growth restriction rats and promotes trophoblast cell invasion and migration via enhancing STAT3-MMP-2/9 axis activity

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (70) ◽  
pp. 115190-115201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zong ◽  
Xiaohua Wei ◽  
Wenli Gou ◽  
Pu Huang ◽  
Ye Lv
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of Yes-associated protein impairs trophoblast invasion and migration: implications for the pathogenesis of fetal growth restriction†

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-879
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Xiaofang Luo ◽  
Mingyu Hu ◽  
Yamin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Hippo Pathway ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Trophoblast Invasion ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition in which a newborn fails to achieve his or her prospective hereditary growth potential. This condition is associated with high newborn mortality, second only to that associated with premature birth. FGR is associated with maternal, fetal, and placental abnormalities. Although the placenta is considered to be an important organ for supplying nutrition for fetal growth, research on FGR is limited, and treatment through the placenta remains challenging, as neither proper uterine intervention nor its pathogenesis have been fully elucidated. Yes-associated protein (YAP), as the effector of the Hippo pathway, is widely known to regulate organ growth and cancer development. Therefore, the correlation of the placenta and YAP was investigated to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of FGR. Placental samples from humans and mice were collected for histological and biomechanical analysis. After investigating the location and role of YAP in the placenta by immunohistochemistry, we observed that YAP and cytokeratin 7 have corresponding locations in human and mouse placentas. Moreover, phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP) was upregulated in FGR and gradually increased as gestational age increased during pregnancy. Cell function experiments and mRNA-Seq demonstrated impaired YAP activity mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibition. Established FGR-like mice also recapitulated a number of the features of human FGR. The results of this study may help to elucidate the association of FGR development with YAP and provide an intrauterine target that may be helpful in alleviating placental dysfunction.

scholarly journals MSC-Secreted Exosomal H19 Promotes Trophoblast Cell Invasion and Migration by Downregulating let-7b and Upregulating FOXO1

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 1237-1249
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Haiyan Ding ◽  
Min Wei ◽  
Wenhui Zha ◽  
Shuang Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
And Migration

220. Homeobox gene HLX is a regulator of HGF/c-met mediated trophoblast migration

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
G. Rajaraman ◽  
P. Murthi ◽  
S. P. Brennecke ◽  
B. Kalionis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Trophoblast Cells ◽  
Cytotrophoblast Cell ◽  
Trophoblast Migration

Homeobox gene transcription factors play critical roles in normal placental development and are expressed in specialised trophoblast cells. Abnormal trophoblast cell function is associated with pregnancy disorders including fetal growth restriction. Our studies show homeobox gene HLX expression in trophoblast cells (1) and that HLX is significantly decreased in fetal growth restriction (2). HLX gene inactivation in cultured trophoblast cells shows that HLX is a regulator of cytokine-dependent trophoblast proliferation (3). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activates trophoblast cell migration in a paracrine fashion and its receptor, c-met, is expressed in trophoblast cells. This study investigates the regulation of HGF/c-met mediated trophoblast migration by HLX, in two human trophoblast cell lines SGHPL-4 and HTR-8/SVNeo. HGF stimulation significantly increased HLX mRNA expression (e.g. 43.2 ± 2.5, HGF v. 18.4 ± 1.7 control, densitometric units, P < 0.001, n = 3). siRNA-mediated inactivation of HLX resulted in significantly decreased trophoblast migration (e.g. 32 ± 4, siRNA v. 127 ± 12 control, migrated cells, P < 0.05, n = 4). When HLX was inactivated in the presence of HGF stimulation, migration remained significantly decreased (e.g. 112 ± 15, siRNA + HGF v. 368 ± 44 HGF, migrated cells, P < 0.05, n = 4). In order to determine if HGF is acting via the c-met receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor, SU11274, was employed to inhibit c-met activity. c-met inhibition resulted in significantly reduced HLX mRNA expression (e.g. 2.1 ± 0.32, SU11274 v. 12.3 ± 1.4 control, densitometric units, P < 0.05, n = 3). HLX expression remained significantly reduced with HGF stimulation and SU11274 mediated c-met inhibition (e.g. 8.02 ± 1.3, SU11274 v. 38.3 ± 5.4 HGF, densitometric units, P < 0.05, n = 3). This is the first study to show that homeobox gene HLX is a downstream effector gene of HGF, that HLX regulates trophoblast migration and that HGF, via its receptor c-met, acts through HLX to control cell migration. (1) Rajaraman G, Murthi P, Quinn L, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeodomain protein HLX is expressed primarily in cytotrophoblast cell types in the early human placenta. (2008) Reproduction, Fertility a (2) Murthi P, Doherty V, Said J, Donath S, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeobox gene HLX1 expression is decreased in idiopathic human fetal growth restriction. (2006) Am J Pathol. 2006 Feb;168(2):511–8. (3) Rajaraman G, Murthi P, Leo B, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeobox gene HLX1 is a regulator of colony stimulating factor-1 dependent cell proliferation. (2007) Placenta Volume 28, Issue 10, October

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