scholarly journals Age-related modulation of plasmatic beta-Galactosidase activity in healthy subjects and in patients affected by T2DM

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (55) ◽  
pp. 93338-93348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Spazzafumo ◽  
Emanuela Mensà ◽  
Giulia Matacchione ◽  
Tiziana Galeazzi ◽  
Lucia Zampini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

Intestinal lactase (beta-galactosidase) and other disaccharidase activities of suckling and adult common brushtail possums, Trichosurus vulpecula (Marsupialia:Phalangeridae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Crisp ◽  
M Messer ◽  
PE Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Lactase Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Brush Border Enzyme ◽  
Beta Galactosidase ◽  
Age Related Changes

Small-intestinal disaccharidase activities of eight suckling T. vulpecula, aged from 34 to 150 days, and of two adult animals were investigated. Intestinal maltase, isomaltase and sucrase activities increased with age, whereas lactase activities decreased. Trehalase activities were relatively high in all animals and showed no obvious age-related changes. Three separate beta-galactosidase activities, one neutral and two acid, acted on lactose. The neutral beta-galactosidase activity appeared to be due to a brush border enzyme similar to that of eutherian mammals, whereas the acid beta-galactosidases were soluble and probably of lysosomal origin. One of these, acid beta-galactosidase-1, had similar properties to the sole intestinal beta-galactosidase of macropodid marsupials, whereas the other, acid beta-galactosidase-2, has not previously been described. Galactosyl oligosaccharides isolated from macropodid milk were readily hydrolysed by both acid beta-galactosidases but not by the neutral beta-galactosidase. The total intestinal lactase activity in animals aged up to 125 days was due mainly to acid beta-galactosidase-1, whereas in older animals it was due mostly to the neutral beta-galactosidase; this suggests that late in lactation the young T. vulpecula change from a macropodid mode of digestion of galactosyl oligosaccharides to a eutherian mechanism for the digestion of lactose. These findings may have implications for the hand-rearing of orphaned T. vulpecula.

scholarly journals Dendranthema zawadskii var. lucidum (Nakai) J.H. Park Extract Inhibits Cellular Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Aging-Related Inflammation in Rats

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Jehun Choi ◽  
Gwi-Yeong Jang ◽  
Jeonghoon Lee ◽  
Hae-Young Chung ◽  
Hyung-Jun Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dendranthema Zawadskii ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

Senescence is the phenomenon by which physiological functions of organisms degenerate with time. Cellular senescence is marked by an inhibition of cell cycle progression. Beta-galactosidase accumulates in the lysosomes of aged cells. In this study, human dermal fibroblast cells (HDFs) were treated with 0.5 μM doxorubicin for 4 h to induce cellular senescence. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity was then measured 72 h after treatment with aerial parts of Dendranthema zawadskii var. lucidum (Nakai) J.H. Park (DZ) extract. Treatment with DZ extract significantly decreased SA-β-gal activity in a dose-dependent manner in HDFs. Additionally, DZ extract treatment reduced age-related oxidative stress and inflammation in the aortas of aged rats. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in aortas of aged control rats were higher than those in young rats. However, DZ extract-fed aged rats showed significantly lower ROS levels than the aged control rats. When the aged rats were treated with DZ extract at either 0.2 or 1.0 mg∙kg−1∙day−1, NF-κB levels in aorta tissue decreased significantly compared to those in aorta tissue of the aged control rats without DZ treatment. In addition, DZ extract-fed aged rat aortas showed significant reductions in expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by NF-κB translocation. Therefore, these results suggest that DZ effectively inhibited senescence-related NF-κB activation and inflammation. DZ extract may have a role in the prevention of the vascular inflammatory responses that occur during vascular aging.

scholarly journals Age-related and sex-related changes in perfusion index in response to noxious electrical stimulation in healthy subjects

2014 ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakae ◽  
Toshiki Nishimura ◽  
Masahiko Shibata ◽  
Takashi Mashimo ◽  
Yuji Fujino
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Perfusion Index ◽  
Age Related

Age-Related Changes in the Renin-Aldosterone System in Healthy Subjects

2011 ◽  
pp. P2-619-P2-619
Author(s):  
Rene Baudrand ◽  
Carmen Campino ◽  
Marlene Aglony ◽  
Alejandro Martinez-Aguayo ◽  
Cristian A Carvajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Overlapping reading frames at the LYS5 locus in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 4795-4806
Author(s):  
J W Xuan ◽  
P Fournier ◽  
N Declerck ◽  
M Chasles ◽  
C Gaillardin
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Lacz Gene ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Frame Fusion ◽  
Beta Galactosidase ◽  
Reading Frames

Mutants affected at the LYS5 locus of Yarrowia lipolytica lack detectable dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. The LYS5 gene has previously been cloned, and we present here the sequence of the 2.5-kilobase-pair (kb) DNA fragment complementing the lys5 mutation. Two large antiparallel open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2) were observed, flanked by potential transcription signals. Both ORFs appear to be transcribed, but several lines of evidence suggest that only ORF2 is translated and encodes SDH. (i) The global amino acid compositions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SDH and of the putative ORF2 product are similar and that of ORF1 is dissimilar. (ii) An in-frame translational fusion of ORF2 with the Escherichia coli lacZ gene was introduced into yeast cells and resulted in a beta-galactosidase activity regulated similarly to SDH; no beta-galactosidase activity was obtained with an in-frame fusion of ORF1 with lacZ. (iii) The introduction of a stop codon at the beginning of ORF2 prevented SDH expression in yeast cells, whereas no phenotypic effect was observed when ORF1 translation was blocked.

scholarly journals Exploring Epigenetic Age in Response to Intensive Relaxing Training: A Pilot Study to Slow Down Biological Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavanello ◽  
Campisi ◽  
Tona ◽  
Lin ◽  
Iliceto
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Epigenetic Clock ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epigenetic Age

DNA methylation (DNAm) is an emerging estimator of biological aging, i.e., the often-defined “epigenetic clock”, with a unique accuracy for chronological age estimation (DNAmAge). In this pilot longitudinal study, we examine the hypothesis that intensive relaxing training of 60 days in patients after myocardial infarction and in healthy subjects may influence leucocyte DNAmAge by turning back the epigenetic clock. Moreover, we compare DNAmAge with another mechanism of biological age, leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and telomerase. DNAmAge is reduced after training in healthy subjects (p = 0.053), but not in patients. LTL is preserved after intervention in healthy subjects, while it continues to decrease in patients (p = 0.051). The conventional negative correlation between LTL and chronological age becomes positive after training in both patients (p < 0.01) and healthy subjects (p < 0.05). In our subjects, DNAmAge is not associated with LTL. Our findings would suggest that intensive relaxing practices influence different aging molecular mechanisms, i.e., DNAmAge and LTL, with a rejuvenating effect. Our study reveals that DNAmAge may represent an accurate tool to measure the effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions in the prevention of age-related diseases.

scholarly journals AGE-ASSOCIATED INCREASE IN KYNURENINE INHIBITS AUTOPHAGY AND PROMOTES SENESCENCE IN BONE MARROW STEM CELLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S956-S956
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kondrikov ◽  
Ahmed Elmansi ◽  
Xing-ming Shi ◽  
Sadanand Fulzele ◽  
Meghan mcGee-Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Autophagic Flux ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Mice

Abstract Aging is characterized by progressive decline of tissue functionality and age-related accumulation of cellular and molecular damage leading to multiple pathological conditions including osteoporosis and increased fracture rates. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an essential role in bone development and regeneration with their ability to undergo differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and adipogenic cell lines cell lines. Proliferation rate of MSC is declined with ages leading to misbalance between bone resorption and osteogenesis. A recently identified age-related change in bone and bone marrow is an accumulation of tryptophan metabolite, kynurenine (KYN), catalyzed by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) or free-radical oxidation. We previously reported that KYN suppresses autophagy in BMSC. We now investigated the effect of KYN on BMSC cellular function. In vitro treatment of murine BMSC isolated from 18 month old mice with kynurenine disrupted autophagy suppressing autophagic flux. KYN treatment also induces senescence in BMSC marked by increase in SA-beta-galactosidase activity as well as, increased expression of senescence marker p21. Inhibition of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) by AhR inhibitors significantly reduced β-galactosidase activity increase and blocked p21 expression elevation suggesting that KYN induces senescence in BMSC through the AhR pathway. Interestingly, KYN treatment failed to up-regulate beta-gal activity in BMSC isolated from 6 month-old mice suggesting that KYN induction of senescence maybe potentiated with aging. Together those data support the idea that KYN shifts the homeostatic balance of BMSC during prolonged stress or in aging through downregulating survival autophagic pathway in favor of driving BMSCs to senescence.

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