scholarly journals Methanolysis of Gmelina Seed Oil to Biodiesel with KNO3 Activated MgO-ZnO Composite Catalyst

2019 ◽  
pp. 335-348
Author(s):  
Hamza Sani ◽  
Umar Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Gmelina Seed Oil

Heterogeneously Catalyzed Methanolysis of Gmelina Seed Oil to Biodiesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Callistus Nonso Ude ◽  
Dominic Okechukwu Onukwuli ◽  
Jonah Chukwudi Umeuzuegbu ◽  
Chinemelum Chukwujekwu Chukwuka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Gmelina Seed Oil

Application of Sinusoidal Function and a 25–1 Fractional Factorial Array in the Kinetics and Optimization Study of Gmelina Seed Oil Modified Alkyd Resin Synthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigozie F. Uzoh ◽  
Okechukwu D. Onukwuli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Alkyd Resin ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Molecular Properties ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Gmelina Seed Oil ◽  
Sinusoidal Function

Abstract An overnight dry hard alkyd resin has been designed from non-drying gmelina seed oil (GSO). The study was enhanced through pseudo combined array (PCA) and a dynamic data processor (DDP). The GSO modified alkyd resin was synthesized through a two stage alcoholysis-esterification method using glycerol, phthalic and maleic anhydride. The DDP was designed for the conversion of the GSO acid functional group in the alkyd reactor on the basis of the third order kinetic model and sinusoidal function. Models describing the molecular properties (conversion, viscosity and molecular weight average) in terms of the process parameters were derived from multiple regression by integrating a 25–1 fractional factorial array (FFA) in a central composite design (CCD) implemented with design expert. The fatty acid profile of the raw GSO was determined using GC-MS while structural elucidation of the raw GSO, chemically modified GSO and GSO based alkyd resins were determined using FTIR spectrometry. The synthesized alkyds show very good physic-chemico-mechanical properties. Specifically, the drying schedule shows that the GSO alkyd resin achieved a dry hard time of 8.3 h in presence of nano-ZnO pigment. The designed kinetic model was able to track the trajectory of the reaction motion such that the molecular properties falls within specification. The Optimum responses of 89.66 % conversion, viscosity of 293 cP and molecular weight average of 5,481 predicted, fall within the range suggested from the kinetic model. Correspondent experiments conducted with the predicted optimum conditions were in reasonable agreement with the predicted values.

scholarly journals Nano-Magnetic Catalyst CaO-Fe3O4 for Biodiesel Production from Date Palm Seed Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortadha A Ali ◽  
Imad A. Al-Hydary ◽  
Tahseen A Al-Hattab
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Magnetic Catalyst

A nanocatalyst of CaO supported by Fe3O4 magnetic particles was prepared by a chemical precipitation method. It was characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Hammett indicator. It has been found that the catalyst consists of CaO and Fe3O4 accompanied by CaFe2O4. This composite catalyst was used for the catalytic transesterification of palm seed oil. The results revealed that the highest biodiesel yields for palm seed oil of 69.7% can be obtained under the conditions of (65 °C reaction temperature, 300 min reaction time, 20 methanol/oil molar ratio, and 10 wt.% of CaO/Fe3O4 catalyst loading). The physicochemical properties of the biodiesel produced from palm seed oil were further studied and compared with the ASTM and the EN biodiesel specifications. The results showed that the properties of the biodiesel produced comply with the international standard specifications. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 25th January 2017; Revised: 11st July 2017; Accepted: 12nd July 2017; Available online: 27th October 2017; Published regularly: December 2017How to Cite: Ali, M.A., Al-Hydary, I.A., Al-Hattab, T.A. (2017). Nano-Magnetic Catalyst CaO-Fe3O4 for Biodiesel Production from Date Palm Seed Oil. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (3): 460-468 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.3.923.460-468) 

scholarly journals A Novel Heterogeneous Superoxide Support-Coated Catalyst for Production of Biodiesel from Roasted and Unroasted Sinapis arvensis Seed Oil

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Maryam Hanif ◽  
Haq Nawaz Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Asif Hanif ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Asma Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Composite Support

Disadvantages of biodiesel include consumption of edible oils for fuel production, generation of wastewater and inability to recycle catalysts during homogenously catalyzed transesterification. The aim of the current study was to utilize low-cost, inedible oil extracted from Sinapis arvensis seeds to produce biodiesel using a novel nano-composite superoxide heterogeneous catalyst. Sodium superoxide (NaO2) was synthesized by reaction of sodium nitrate with hydrogen peroxide via spray pyrolysis, followed by coating onto a composite support material prepared from silicon dioxide, potassium ferricyanide and granite. The roasted (110 °C, 20 min) and unroasted S. arvensis seeds were subjected to high vacuum fractional distillation to afford fractions (F1, F2 and F3) that correlated to molecular weight. For example, F1 was enriched in palmitic acid (76–79%), F2 was enriched in oleic acid (69%) and F3 was enriched in erucic acid (61%). These fractions, as well as pure unroasted and roasted S. arvensis seed oils, were then transesterified using NaO2/SiO2/PFC/Granite to give biodiesel a maximum yield of 98.4% and 99.2%, respectively. In contrast, yields using immobilized lipase catalyst were considerably lower (78–85%). Fuel properties such as acid value, cetane number, density, iodine value, pour point, and saponification value were within the ranges specified in the American biodiesel standard, ASTM D6751, where applicable. These results indicated that the nano-composite catalyst was excellent for production of biodiesel from unroasted and roasted S. arvensis seed oil and its fractions.

Detection of Cotton-Seed Oil in Olive-Oil

1880 ◽  
Vol 10 (243supp) ◽  
pp. 3874-3874
Author(s):  
Benjamin Nickels
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil
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