scholarly journals Reaching non-specialist audiences and engaging them with science at an affordable seaside campsite

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Anna Woolman
Keyword(s):  
British Science ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Science Association

In 2018, the British Science Association piloted a project that involved partnering with an activity provider and campsite in Ramsgate to determine whether affordable, accessible campsites near the seaside would be an effective location to reach audiences unengaged with science and engage them with food sustainability and eating insects. Results suggested that mostly unengaged audiences were present and that their attitude towards science improved after taking part. Future work should trial different activities and campsite partnerships across the UK, on a larger scale and at busier times of year.

scholarly journals National survey of feasibility of NIV trials for management of children with bronchiolitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000780
Author(s):  
Anna Rosala-Hallas ◽  
Ashley P Jones ◽  
Emma Bedson ◽  
Vanessa Compton ◽  
Ricardo M Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

BackgroundBronchiolitis is a major cause of admission to hospital in children. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) support with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen is routinely used for infants in the UK with bronchiolitis.ObjectiveTo establish UK paediatric practice regarding management of bronchiolitis, and to explore issues pertinent to the design of a potential future randomised controlled trial of NIV.DesignScreening logs were completed in hospitals in England capturing information on paediatric bronchiolitis admissions. An online national survey of clinical practice was disseminated to healthcare professionals (HCPs) across the UK to ascertain current management strategies.ResultsScreening logs captured data on 393 infants from 8 hospitals. Reasons for admission were most commonly respiratory distress and/or poor fluid intake. Oxygen was administered for 54% of admissions. Respiratory (CPAP and HFNC) and non-respiratory support administered varied considerably. The national survey was completed by 111 HCPs from 76 hospitals. Data were obtained on criteria used to commence and wean NIV, responsibilities for altering NIV settings, minimum training requirements for staff managing a child on NIV, and numbers of trained staff. Most centres were interested in and capable of running a trial of NIV, even out of normal office hours.ConclusionsRespiratory and non-respiratory management of bronchiolitis in UK centres varies widely. A trial of HFNC oxygen therapy in this group of patients is feasible and HCPs would be willing to randomise patients into such a trial. Future work should focus on defining trial eligibility criteria.

scholarly journals The newly created Publicly Available Specification (PAS 141) for reusable electrical/electronic products

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Quariguasi-Frota-Neto ◽  
Andrew Reade ◽  
Azadeh Dindarian ◽  
Andrew Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Future Work

Purpose – In 2011, a governmental initiative driven by the Department for Business Innovation and Skills invited the British Standards Institute (BSI) to write and publish a publicly available specification (PAS) for the reuse of waste electrical and electronic equipment entitled PAS 141. The specification's ambitious goals, chief among them to reduce the amount of e-waste generated in the UK, has prompted debate as to whether they are realistic and the extent to which they can be influenced by the certification. The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive framework that can be used in future research to enhance understanding of the mechanisms by which the introduction of PAS 141 certification could lead to the fulfillment of its goals, that is, successful uptake. The authors believe this framework can serve as a roadmap for those interested in the investigation of this novel certification and its effect on the market for reusable electrical and electronic products. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on interviews with reuse organizations and first hand experience as a participant in the steering group that elaborated the certification being investigated, i.e. PAS 141. Findings – It is uncertain whether PAS 141 will fulfill its promises, which are, in the view of the authors, rather ambitious, e.g. reduce e-waste. Furthermore, more research is needed to examine the effect that the introduction of the certification has on the materialization of its goals, and on the complex inter-relationship that exist between the goals and what the authors define as intermediary necessary conditions. Research limitations/implications – This is the first attempt the outline the research needs that arise from the introduction of PAS-141, and the authors believe that there are other equally important questions that are yet to be presented and examined. Practical implications – This paper proposes 28 hypotheses which will help future work to empirically establish: the possibility of PAS-141 attaining its goals and the main necessary conditions for that to happen. This information is pivotal to determine whether the certification is working and to pinpoint opportunities for improvement. Social implications – This works contributes to the understanding of the role of certification on the market of reused products, which employs a large number of people, and in particular, whose coming from disadvantaged backgrounds. Originality/value – Although certification in general has been widely investigated in prior research, scant attention has been paid to certification in the context of electronic products. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first paper of its kind, as it is the first to examine certification in that context.

scholarly journals Storage of prescription veterinary medicines on UK dairy farms: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (5) ◽  
pp. 153-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen M Rees ◽  
David C Barrett ◽  
Henry Buller ◽  
Harriet L Mills ◽  
Kristen K Reyher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Veterinary Medicines ◽  
Veterinary Profession ◽  
Farmer Decision Making ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

Prescription veterinary medicine (PVM) use in the UK is an area of increasing focus for the veterinary profession. While many studies measure antimicrobial use on dairy farms, none report the quantity of antimicrobials stored on farms, nor the ways in which they are stored. The majority of PVM treatments occur in the absence of the prescribing veterinarian, yet there is an identifiable knowledge gap surrounding PVM use and farmer decision making. To provide an evidence base for future work on PVM use, data were collected from 27 dairy farms in England and Wales in Autumn 2016. The number of different PVMs stored on farms ranged from 9 to 35, with antimicrobials being the most common therapeutic group stored. Injectable antimicrobials comprised the greatest weight of active ingredient found, while intramammary antimicrobials were the most frequent unit of medicine stored. Antimicrobials classed by the European Medicines Agency as critically important to human health were present on most farms, and the presence of expired medicines and medicines not licensed for use in dairy cattle was also common. The medicine resources available to farmers are likely to influence their treatment decisions; therefore, evidence of the PVM stored on farms can help inform understanding of medicine use.

scholarly journals Investigation of International Students’ Perception of ‘Community’ in a British Higher Education Institute

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrine Angela Jackson ◽  
Fay Harris ◽  
Russell Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Research Students ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

This paper investigates the perceptions of members of our international student community by giving them a voice and a platform to explore their feelings as part of a Higher Education institute in the UK and whether they consider that the university is a global environment. Our data is based on a series of structured interviews with twelve students from twelve different countries, inclusive of four postgraduate research students. Our findings reveal that our international students commonly feel part of multiple smaller communities but interestingly, they were less sure of their part within an institute-wide community. The postgraduate students’ perceptions of community were quite divergent when compared to the undergraduate perceptions, which we will continue to explore in our future work. Our data supports the perception from international students that their university is a global community, but there were distinct differences in how individuals defined it and some limitations to consider. Some defined it as students and staff of different nationalities being present at a university whilst other definitions relied on cultural characteristics within the institution as a whole. We reflect upon the implications of our research as these perceptions shape international student opinion of Higher Education institutes and what is understood by the term ‘global community’.

scholarly journals Placebo comparator group selection and use in surgical trials: the ASPIRE project including expert workshop

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (53) ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
David J Beard ◽  
Marion K Campbell ◽  
Jane M Blazeby ◽  
Andrew J Carr ◽  
Charles Weijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Surgical Trials ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Placebo Controls ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

Background The use of placebo comparisons for randomised trials assessing the efficacy of surgical interventions is increasingly being considered. However, a placebo control is a complex type of comparison group in the surgical setting and, although powerful, presents many challenges. Objectives To provide a summary of knowledge on placebo controls in surgical trials and to summarise any recommendations for designers, evaluators and funders of placebo-controlled surgical trials. Design To carry out a state-of-the-art workshop and produce a corresponding report involving key stakeholders throughout. Setting A workshop to discuss and summarise the existing knowledge and to develop the new guidelines. Results To assess what a placebo control entails and to assess the understanding of this tool in the context of surgery is considered, along with when placebo controls in surgery are acceptable (and when they are desirable). We have considered ethics arguments and regulatory requirements, how a placebo control should be designed, how to identify and mitigate risk for participants in these trials, and how such trials should be carried out and interpreted. The use of placebo controls is justified in randomised controlled trials of surgical interventions provided that there is a strong scientific and ethics rationale. Surgical placebos might be most appropriate when there is poor evidence for the efficacy of the procedure and a justified concern that results of a trial would be associated with a high risk of bias, particularly because of the placebo effect. Conclusions The use of placebo controls is justified in randomised controlled trials of surgical interventions provided that there is a strong scientific and ethics rationale. Feasibility work is recommended to optimise the design and implementation of randomised controlled trials. An outline for best practice was produced in the form of the Applying Surgical Placebo in Randomised Evaluations (ASPIRE) guidelines for those considering the use of a placebo control in a surgical randomised controlled trial. Limitations Although the workshop participants involved international members, the majority of participants were from the UK. Therefore, although every attempt was made to make the recommendations applicable to all health systems, the guidelines may, unconsciously, be particularly applicable to clinical practice in the UK NHS. Future work Future work should evaluate the use of the ASPIRE guidelines in making decisions about the use of a placebo-controlled surgical trial. In addition, further work is required on the appropriate nomenclature to adopt in this space. Funding Funded by the Medical Research Council UK and the National Institute for Health Research as part of the Medical Research Council–National Institute for Health Research Methodology Research programme.

scholarly journals User and carer involvement in mental health training

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gill Livingston ◽  
Claudia Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
User Training ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Voluntary Organisations

National policy in the UK emphasises the importance of involving service users and caregivers in all types of mental health provision. The training of mental health care and social service professionals has always relied on seeing patients, but the patients' role has usually been a passive one. This is now changing, and service users and carers are becoming active educators in professional training, benefiting both the teachers and those taught. Provision is still very variable and is dependent on local initiatives. Voluntary organisations are active in this field, and there are now two academic posts for service users in the UK. This article explores the current forms of service user training, its benefits and drawbacks, and makes recommendations for future work.

View from the top: a thematic analysis of interviews with top healthcare leaders in the UK about leadership and how UK GPs should prepare for it

BMJ Leader ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
Veronica Wilkie ◽  
Kay Mohanna
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Senior Leaders ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
New Information ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Medical Leadership ◽  
Future Work

IntroductionLeadership is often quoted as being a solution to future work force problems . This study looks at the views of leaders within the NHS to find out what they think should be done, how and when for GPs in training.MethodsA series of interviews were carried out with senior leaders within the NHS, within primary care, NHS England and Health Education England. All the participants were involved in primary care either assenior general practitioners, senior educators, or clinical and non clinical managers. The interviews were face to face or via a telephone and recorded before being transcribed and analysed. The interviews were carried out until no new information was forthcoming.ResultsAll of the participants agreed that leadership was necessary. Non clinicians tended to think that the training was best done once a GP had arrived at a senior leadership position, clinicians tended to think leadership training should happen from the start of the career. The competences identified fitted within those originally identified from the Medical Leadership Competency Framework.DiscussionLeadership training is still regarded as important and overall the senior leaders recognised the need for personal qualities, the ability to lead and work in teams, how to manage and improve services and how to set direction for change. The difficulties of organizing this and how to fit this in with the needs of service delivery and current curriculum was highlighted.

scholarly journals Using Data Mining in Educational Administration: A Case Study on Improving School Attendance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Moodley ◽  
Francisco Chiclana ◽  
Jenny Carter ◽  
Fabio Caraffini
Keyword(s):  
School Leadership ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Leadership Research ◽  
Future Work

Pupil absenteeism remains a significant problem for schools across the globe with negative impacts on overall pupil performance being well-documented. Whilst all schools continue to emphasize good attendance, some schools still find it difficult to reach the required average attendance, which in the UK is 96%. A novel approach is proposed to help schools improve attendance that leverages the market target model, which is built on association rule mining and probability theory, to target sessions that are most impactful to overall poor attendance. Tests conducted at Willen Primary School, in Milton Keynes, UK, showed that significant improvements can be made to overall attendance, attendance in the target session, and persistent (chronic) absenteeism, through the use of this approach. The paper concludes by discussing school leadership, research implications, and highlights future work which includes the development of a software program that can be rolled-out to other schools.

scholarly journals A Cross-Country Comparison of Dynamics in the Large Firm Wage Premium

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Colonnelli ◽  
Joacim Tåg ◽  
Michael Webb ◽  
Stefanie Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Large Firm ◽  
Wage Premium ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
Over Time

We provide stylized facts on the existence and dynamics over time of the large firm wage premium for four countries. We examine matched employer-employee micro-data from Brazil, Germany, Sweden, and the UK, and find that the large firm premium exists in all these countries. However, we uncover substantial differences among them in the evolution of the wage premium over the past several decades. Moreover, we find no clear evidence of common cross-country industry trends. We conclude by discussing potential explanations for this heterogeneity, and proposing some questions for future work in the area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document