The Land and Tree Tenure-Based Dalihan Natolu Customs for Tree Management in South Tapanuli, North Sumatra

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Tri Martial ◽  
Mhd. Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Tree Management ◽  
Tree Tenure ◽  
North Sumatra

Temporal changes in woody-plant use and the ekwar indigenous tree management system along the Turkwel River, Kenya

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stave ◽  
G. Oba ◽  
N.C. Stenseth
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Tree Management ◽  
Woody Cover ◽  
Tree Tenure

Indigenous systems of management for regulating extraction of non-timber forest products (NTFP) have not been well documented in arid zone grazing lands. Conservation projects have therefore lacked information on customary rights to trees, while they have enforced systems of tree resource management that often conflicted with the indigenous system. This study focused on the indigenous tree tenure system of the Turkana pastoralists called ekwar (plural ngikwarin). The indigenous tree management system in 15.4 km2 of the Turkwel River floodplain woodlands near Lodwar, Kenya was investigated. The study began in 1990 after impoundment of the Turkwel Gorge Dam. In 1990 and 1998, Turkana pastoralists were interviewed about the ekwar. In individual ngikwarin woody cover, wood volume and woody-plant density were measured, and wood extraction assessed in terms of stems and twigs removed by the pastoralists and the urban population of Lodwar. Intensity of charcoal burning was assessed in terms of the density of earthen kilns, and livestock impact in terms of browsing frequency on woody plants. Potential Acacia tortilis litter production was estimated and an ekwar quality index developed to describe woodland productivity conditions. Tree produce was shared with and leased to friends and relatives. Woody cover showed no significant changes, while woody-plant density and volume declined, over the 8-year period. The Turkana usually do not cut live trees, but use dead trees and dry tree-parts for making charcoal. Increased kiln density and increased extraction of tree-parts were considered to be indicative of increased pressure on the riverine woodlands. Livestock browsing did not seem to contribute to woodland degradation. However, decline in woody-plant density and volume might have contributed to the reduction of litter production of A. tortilis. Trends in woodlands in the floodplain might be associated with damming of the Turkwel River and local anthropogenic pressures. Also, the ekwar system of tree tenure seemed to be threatened by the official forestry policy that it be ignored. Incorporating the ekwar system into the forestry conservation policy may achieve sustainable use and improve conservation of the Turkwel River floodplain woodlands.

Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir dan Penempatan Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan pada PDAM Tirtanadi Provinsi Sumatera Utara

MBIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Cut Ermiati ◽  
Dita Amanah ◽  
Dedy Ansari Harahap ◽  
Fitriani Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Work Placement ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
North Sumatra

This study aims to determine the effect of career development and work placement on employee work performance at PDAM Tirtanadi, North Sumatra Province. The population in this study were all employees per division, amounting to 182 employees. From the total population can be determined the number of samples in this study amounted to 65 people. The data analysis technique used is the t-test, f-test, multiple linear regression and determinant coefficient test using SPSS 22. From the calculation results using SPSS shows that there is an influence of career development on employee work performance, there is the influence of work placement on employee performance and there is the influence of career development and work placement on employee performance.

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