scholarly journals An Old Drug for a New Application: Potential Benefits of Sildenafil in Wound Healing

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Farsaie ◽  
Hossein Khalili ◽  
Iman Karimzadeh ◽  
Simin Dashti-Khavidaki
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Several studies have evaluated the effects of sildenafil on the tissue repair and wound healing. In the present review, the impact of sildenafil on the wound healing in all available clinical and non-clinical (experimental) studies has been discussed. Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Embase, Cochrane central register of controlled trials and Cochrane database systematic reviews. Related articles indexed in Google Scholar were also included. Key words used as search terms were ‘phosphodiesterase inhibitor’, ‘sildenafil’, ‘skin’, ‘cutaneous’, ‘skin lesion’, ‘skin damage’, ‘wound’, and ‘wound healing’. No time limitation was considered in this review. Results: A total of 15 animal studies, 7 case reports, and 2 small clinical studies have reported the effects of sildenafil on the wound healing. The effects included skin flaps and grafts, anastomosis, systemic sclerosis and Raynaud's disease. Conclusions: The available data support the beneficial effects of sildenafil in improvement of tissue healing in various conditions. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals The Impact of Consumption of Dairy Products on Phospholipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1261-1261
Author(s):  
Emad Yuzbashian ◽  
Catherine B Chan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Human Trials ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Metabolomics approach indicates that circulating phospholipid (PL) and some PL species are associated with a lower insulin resistance risk. Evidence suggests that dairy products' health beneficial effects may pertain to their regulatory influence on PL metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the existing literature of animal and human trials to unravel the impact of dairy products on the concentration of PL and its metabolism. Methods Three online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched to find relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and July 2020. Included studies were interventional trials (animal and human) that investigated the effect of dairy or its subtypes on the circulating or liver content of PL and its species. The risk of bias (RoB) in trials in humans and animals was assessed using the revised Cochrane's and SYRCLE's RoB assessment, respectively. Since there was marked methodological heterogeneity, a meta-analysis did not perform. Results In this review, 2427 articles were identified and screened after removing duplicate articles. Following evaluation of the titles and abstracts and then full-text assessment, 17 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Studies were classified according to their type, resulting in nine human trials and eight animal studies. For human studies, the RoB assessment indicated that more than 55% of studies had high RoB. None animal studies receive low RoB because of the lack of methodological information. Findings from human studies revealed that plasma/serum concentration of PL did not change after intervention with dairy products. PL concentration remained stable even after a high dosage of milk supplemented with dairy-derived PL; however, certain PC or LPC species were increased by interventions. These findings were also confirmed in animal studies. The interesting point in animal studies was that high fat diet-induced elevation of PL tends to be normalized after intervention with dairy products enriched with milk-PL. Furthermore, in mice, intervention with yogurt or cheese did not impact serum or liver content of PL or PC. Conclusions Dairy products can influence the blood concentration of PC and LPC species in both rodents and humans without alteration of total PL and PC. Funding Sources Alberta Diabetes Institute.

scholarly journals Preventive and protective measures reducing influenza transmission in general practice: a systematic review

BJGP Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen19X101657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Suter ◽  
Tessa Kermode ◽  
Carole Clair ◽  
Yolanda Mueller ◽  
Nicolas Senn
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Influenza Transmission ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundSeasonal influenza and influenza-like illnesses are widespread, with an impact on GP consultations. GPs apply many preventive and protective measures to prevent seasonal influenza transmission, with no clear evidence of their effectiveness in this setting.AimTo review the effectiveness of preventive and protective measures to reduce the transmission of seasonal influenza and influenza-like illnesses in GP practices.Design & settingA systematic review was conducted of the literature in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register databases published between January 1960 and April 2014, later extended to January 2018.MethodPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria were used. Controlled trials and experimental studies were included. Study quality was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsOut of 5727 articles screened, only two studies were finally retained: one study about the seasonal influenza vaccination of GPs to prevent transmission from patients or staff, and one about surface disinfection. The first study was a controlled trial, which showed limited evidence for seasonal influenza infection reduction among GPs through vaccination. The second, an experimental study, performed a virus screening on toys in the waiting area before and after disinfection. No study on protection measures was found that assessed the impact on influenza transmission in general practices.ConclusionThe evidence is scarce on interventions that reduce influenza transmission in GP practices.

Impact of Poetry on Empathy and Professional Burnout of Health-Care Workers: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Schoonover ◽  
Daniel Hall-Flavin ◽  
Kevin Whitford ◽  
Mark Lussier ◽  
Alison Essary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Narrative Medicine ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Background: Narrative medicine (NM) interventions have positively influenced empathy and burnout to varying degrees in health-care workers. We systematically reviewed the impact of poetry, a form of NM, on empathy and professional burnout. Methods: A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and Daily, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus, from inception to September 25, 2018, for articles published in English, was conducted using search terms related to NM, empathy, professional burnout, and health-care personnel. Results: Of the 401 abstracts independently screened for inclusion by 2 reviewers, 2 quantitative, 3 qualitative studies, and 1 research letter were included. One research letter, focusing on the use of poetry, found it to increase empathy as measured by a nonvalidated questionnaire. All other studies used mixed NM interventions: 2 quantitative studies, using validated surveys, showed an increase in empathy and 2 qualitative studies showed limited to a prominent finding of increased empathy. There were no studies that used poetry exclusively to assess impact on professional burnout. One quantitative study, utilizing a validated survey, revealed no overall reduced burnout among residents, although high attendance participants had moderately reduced burnout postintervention, and one qualitative study noted limited reduction in burnout. Conclusion: There is evidence that poetry as part of a NM intervention may increase empathy and limited evidence that it may reduce professional burnout among health-care workers.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Application of Perinatal Derivatives in Animal Models on Cutaneous Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Pichlsberger ◽  
Urška Dragin Jerman ◽  
Hristina Obradović ◽  
Larisa Tratnjek ◽  
Ana Sofia Macedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
The Impact

Knowledge of the beneficial effects of perinatal derivatives (PnD) in wound healing goes back to the early 1900s when the human fetal amniotic membrane served as a biological dressing to treat burns and skin ulcerations. Since the twenty-first century, isolated cells from perinatal tissues and their secretomes have gained increasing scientific interest, as they can be obtained non-invasively, have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-fibrotic characteristics, and are immunologically tolerated in vivo. Many studies that apply PnD in pre-clinical cutaneous wound healing models show large variations in the choice of the animal species (e.g., large animals, rodents), the choice of diabetic or non-diabetic animals, the type of injury (full-thickness wounds, burns, radiation-induced wounds, skin flaps), the source and type of PnD (placenta, umbilical cord, fetal membranes, cells, secretomes, tissue extracts), the method of administration (topical application, intradermal/subcutaneous injection, intravenous or intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous implantation), and the type of delivery systems (e.g., hydrogels, synthetic or natural biomaterials as carriers for transplanted cells, extracts or secretomes). This review provides a comprehensive and integrative overview of the application of PnD in wound healing to assess its efficacy in preclinical animal models. We highlight the advantages and limitations of the most commonly used animal models and evaluate the impact of the type of PnD, the route of administration, and the dose of cells/secretome application in correlation with the wound healing outcome. This review is a collaborative effort from the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116), which broadly aims at approaching consensus for different aspects of PnD research, such as providing inputs for future standards for the preclinical application of PnD in wound healing.

scholarly journals Coronavirus infection in neonates: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319837
Author(s):  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
Maria Elena Cavicchiolo ◽  
Martina Borellini ◽  
Serena Calgaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo summarise currently reported neonatal cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA search strategy was designed to retrieve all articles published from 1 December 2019 to 12 May 2020, by combining the terms ‘coronavirus’ OR ‘covid’ OR ‘SARS-CoV-2’) AND (‘neonat*’ OR ‘newborn’) in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedRxiv, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review and the WHO COVID-19 database, with no language restrictions. Quality of studies was evaluated by using a specific tool for assessment of case reports and/or case series.ResultsTwenty-six observational studies (18 case reports and 8 case series) with 44 newborns with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the final analysis. Studies were mainly from China and Italy. Half of neonates had a documented contact with the infected mother and one out of three infected neonates was admitted from home. Median age at diagnosis was 5 days. One out of four neonates was asymptomatic, and the remaining showed mild symptoms typical of acute respiratory infections and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. The majority of neonates were left in spontaneous breathing (room air) and had good prognosis after a median duration of hospitalisation of 10 days.ConclusionsMost neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection were asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms, generally were left in spontaneous breathing and had a good prognosis after median 10 days of hospitalisation. Large epidemiological and clinical cohort studies, as well as the implementation of collaborative networks, are needed to improve the understanding of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates.

scholarly journals Cannabinoids and the kidney: effects in health and disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. F1124-F1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Park ◽  
Praveen K. Potukuchi ◽  
Hamid Moradi ◽  
Csaba P. Kovesdy
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Distribution Type ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
The Impact

Consumption of cannabis and various related products (cannabinoids) for both medicinal and recreational use is gaining popularity. Furthermore, regulatory changes are fostering a cultural shift toward increasing liberalization of cannabis use, thereby increasing the likelihood of even larger numbers of individuals being exposed in the future. The two different types of receptors (CB1 and CB2) that are activated by the pharmacologically active ingredients of cannabis are found in numerous tissues, including the kidneys. Experimental studies suggest that stimulation of these receptors using pharmacologic agents or their naturally occurring ligands could have both deleterious and beneficial effects on the kidneys, depending on receptor distribution, type of renal insult, or the timing of the activation during acute or chronic states of kidney injury. To date, the mechanisms by which the CB1 or CB2 receptors are involved in the pathology of these renal conditions remain to be fully described. Furthermore, a better understanding of the impact of exocannabinoids and endocannabinoids on the renal system may lead to the development of new drugs to treat kidney disease and its complications. Given the increasing public health relevance of cannabis exposure, it is clear that more research is necessary to clarify the various physiological and pathophysiological effects of cannabis and related analogs on the kidney. This will help limit the deleterious effects of these substances while promoting their potential beneficial impact on renal function in various types of kidney diseases.

scholarly journals Recommendations for active correction of hypernatremia in volume-resuscitated shock or sepsis patients should be taken with a grain of salt: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211876204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W Quinn ◽  
Kerry Sewell ◽  
Dell E Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Resuscitated Patients ◽  
The Impact

Background: Healthcare-acquired hypernatremia (serum sodium >145 mEq/dL) is common among critically ill and other hospitalized patients and is usually treated with hypotonic fluid and/or diuretics to correct a “free water deficit.” However, many hypernatremic patients are eu- or hypervolemic, and an evolving body of literature emphasizes the importance of rapidly returning critically ill patients to a neutral fluid balance after resuscitation. Objective: We searched for any randomized- or observational-controlled studies evaluating the impact of active interventions intended to correct hypernatremia to eunatremia on any outcome in volume-resuscitated patients with shock and/or sepsis. Data sources: We performed a systematic literature search with studies identified by searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ClinicalTrials.gov , Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office, DARE (Database of Reviews of Effects), and CINAHL and scanning reference lists of relevant articles with abstracts published in English. Data synthesis: We found no randomized- or observational-controlled trials measuring the impact of active correction of hypernatremia on any outcome in resuscitated patients. Conclusion: Recommendations for active correction of hypernatremia in resuscitated patients with sepsis or shock are unsupported by clinical research acceptable by modern evidence standards.

Abstract 12729: Impact of Chilli-pepper Intake on All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Beni R Verma ◽  
Leon Zhou ◽  
Simrat Kaur ◽  
Yasser Sammour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Chilli Pepper ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Background: Chilli-pepper (CP) is well known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and blood glucose regulation effects. However, the impact of CP on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality is not clear. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using Ovid, Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and Scopus. We screened the studies from inception till January 16, 2020, and reported the outcomes of our interest after consumption of CP (Figure1a). The inclusion criteria were: all observational and randomized controlled trials reporting the outcomes of interest, and pediatric, animal studies, letters/case reports, reviews, abstracts, and book chapters were excluded. All-cause mortality was studied as the primary endpoint. Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and cancer-related deaths were studied as secondary outcomes. Results: From 4729 studies screened, four studies including 570,762 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Random-effects pooled analysis showed that there was a 25% reduction in the relative risk of all-cause mortality for regular CP consumers, compared to non-consumers (relative risk (RR): 0.75; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.64-0.88, p = 0.0004, Figure1b). Furthermore, there were a 26% and 23% reduction in the RR of death due to cardiovascular causes (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.88, p=0.0006, Figure1c) and cancer (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71-0.84, p=0.0001, Figure 1d), respectively. However, there were no statistically significant differences in cerebrovascular accidents (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.36-1.60, p=0.47). Conclusion: In a contemporary meta-analysis of 570,762 subjects, regular CP consumption was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer-related mortalities. Future studies are needed to better understand the potential mechanisms of the mortality benefits of CP consumption.

scholarly journals Relation between bruxism and dental implants

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bueno TORCATO ◽  
Paulo Renato Junqueira ZUIM ◽  
Daniela Atili BRANDINI ◽  
Rosse Mary FALCÓN-ANTENUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Restoration Failure

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to gather information and discuss the predictability of implant-supported prostheses in patients with bruxism by performing a literature review. METHODS: In order to select the studies included in this review, a detailed search was performed in PubMed and Medline databases, using the following key words: bruxism, dental implants, implant supported prosthesis, and dental restoration failure. Items that were included are: case reports, randomized controlled trials, in vitro studies, literature and systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, of the last 20 years that addressed the theme. Articles without abstracts, animal studies, articles in languages other than English and articles from journals unrelated to the dental field were excluded. RESULTS: after analysis according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 28 articles were selected from a total of 54. It is known from the array of scientific articles which have assessed, either through retrospective, prospective or experimental studies, that the biomechanical and biological impact of bruxism on implant-supported prostheses is small, and that the literature has contributed little to exemplify the prosthetic limits of safety for the specialist from a clinical point of view. CONCLUSION: Although there is still no general consensus on this matter, most of the literature review articles do provide clinical guidelines that contribute to implant supported prostheses longevity and stability in patients with bruxism.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Dietary Choline Impact on Cognition from a Psychobiological Approach: Insights from Animal Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1966
Author(s):  
Fernando Gámiz ◽  
Milagros Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychobiological Approach ◽  
Dietary Choline

The influence of dietary choline availability on cognition is currently being suggested by animal and human studies which have focused mainly on the early developmental stages. The aim of this review is to systematically search through the available rodent (rats and mice) research published during the last two decades that has assessed the effect of dietary choline interventions on cognition and related attentional and emotional processes for the entire life span. The review has been conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines covering peer-reviewed studies included in PubMed and Scopus databases. After excluding duplicates and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria we have reviewed a total of 44 articles published in 25 journals with the contribution of 146 authors. The results are analyzed based on the timing and duration of the dietary intervention and the behavioral tests applied, amongst other variables. Overall, the available results provide compelling support for the relevance of dietary choline in cognition. The beneficial effects of choline supplementation is more evident in recognition rather than in spatial memory tasks when assessing nonpathological samples whilst these effects extend to other relational memory tasks in neuropathological models. However, the limited number of studies that have evaluated other cognitive functions suggest a wider range of potential effects. More research is needed to draw conclusions about the critical variables and the nature of the impact on specific cognitive processes. The results are discussed on the terms of the theoretical framework underlying the relationship between the brain systems and cognition.

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