scholarly journals Immune response against HtrA proteases in children with cutaneous mastocytosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Zofia Renke ◽  
Sabina Kędzierska-Mieszkowska ◽  
Magdalena Lange ◽  
Bogusław Nedoszytko ◽  
Anna Liberek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Clonal Proliferation ◽  
Frequent Form ◽  
Cutaneous Mastocytosis ◽  
Igg Level

Mast cells play important role in both innate and adaptive immunity but clonal proliferation of abnormal mast cells in various organs leads to mastocytosis. The skin variant of the disease, cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) is the most frequent form of mastocytosis in children. The HtrA proteases are modulators of important cellular processes, including cell signaling and apoptosis, and are connected with development of many pathologies. The above and the observation that mast cells constitutively release the HtrA1 protein, prompted us to investigate a possible involvement of the HtrA proteins in pediatric CM.We assayed the levels of the serum autoantibodies (IgG) against the recombinant HtrA proteins (HtrA1-4) in children with CM (n= 36) and in healthy controls (n= 62). The anti-HtrA IgGs were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western-blotting. In the CM sera the levels of the anti-HtrA1 and anti-HtrA3 autoantibodies were significantly increased compared to the control group while the HtrA proteins’ levels were comparable. No significant differences in the anti-HtrA2 IgG level were found, and the anti-HtrA4 IgGs had a tendency to decrease. In healthy children, the IgG levels against the HtrA1, -3 and -4 increased significantly with the age of children; no significant changes were observed for the anti-HtrA2 IgG. Our results suggest involvement of the HtrA1 and HtrA3 proteins in pediatric CM; the involvement of the HtrA4 protein is possible but needs to be investigated further. In healthy children, the autoantibody levels against HtrA1, -3 and -4 but not against HtrA2 increase with age.

scholarly journals Identification and Validation of Serum Autoantibodies in Children with B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Serological Proteome Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runhong Yu ◽  
Shiwei Yang ◽  
Yufeng Liu ◽  
Zunmin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract Purpose: Study was by intention to screen serum autoantibodies that may contribute to the early detection of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in children.Patients and methods: The total protein from three pooled B-ALL cell lines(NALM-6, REH and BALL-1 cells) was separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE), which was followed by Western blot by mixed serum from B-ALL patients (n=20) or healthy children(n=20). We obtained and analyzed the images of 2-D gel and Western blot by PDQuest software,and then identify the spots of immune responses in B-ALL samples compared with those in control samples.The proteins from spots were identified using mass spectrometry (MS). The autoantibodies against α-enolase and voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1(VDAC1) were further validated on the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The protein expression levels of the candidate antigens α-enolase and VDAC1 in B-ALL were thoroughly studied by immunohistochemical analysis.Results: Six protein dots were identified with MS as Aconitase,apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase(DLD), α-enolase,medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase(MCAD) and VDAC 1.The frequencies of autoantibodies against α-enolase and VDAC1 in children with B-ALL were 27% and 23%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal controls(4% and 0). Immunohistochemical analysis showed the expression of α-enolase and VDAC1 was positive in 95% and 85% of B-ALL patients, respectively, but negative expression levels were showed in the control group. Conclusion: This study incidates that α-enolase and VDAC1 may be the antigen associated with B-ALL .α-enolase and VDAC1 autoantibodies may develop into potential serological markers of B-ALL in children.Other proteins also need to be confirmed in a large number of serum samples.

scholarly journals Bactericidal capacity of oral neutrophils as a marker for clinical course of inflammatory ­respiratory diseases in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 740-748
Author(s):  
O I Pikuza ◽  
R A Fayzullina ◽  
A M Zakirova ◽  
Z Ya Suleymanova ◽  
E L Rashitova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cationic Proteins

Aim. To study the number of neutrophils in the oral cavity, their bactericidal potential, to assess as an indicator for predicting the course of recurrent bronchitis (J40) and community-acquired focal pneumonia in children. Methods. 87 children between 5 and 10 years old, including 52 children with recurrent bronchitis and 35 with focal community-acquired pneumonia were observed. The control group consisted of 37 conditionally healthy children of a similar age. Viral antigens were studied by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Oral neutrophil counts and functional activity were determined. Antibacterial antibodies were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. 70.11% of patients had a viral antigen, and 57.47% had immunoglobulins M and G against bacterial pathogens. Oral neutrophil counts increased in the main group compared to the control group: up to 163.826.5 cells (p 0.001) in recurrent bronchitis, to 110.925.5 (p 0.05) in community-acquired pneumonia. By the recovery period, the number of oral neutrophils counts decreased in recurrent bronchitis (1.7 times higher compared to the control group, p 0.01) and remained practically unchanged in community-acquired pneumonia (115.026.9, p 0.05). Myeloperoxidase level had opposite changes for the groups compared to the control group: with recurrent bronchitis, it was 1.610.09 to the level in the control group (p 0.05), with community-acquired pneumonia 0.730.09 to the level in the control group (p 0.001). The level of lysosomal cationic proteins decreased to 0.770.09 to the level in the control group (p 0.05) in recurrent bronchitis, and to 0.800.09 (p 0.05) in pneumonia. Conclusion. In inflammation of the respiratory tract, neutrophil migration to the oral cavity, as well as myeloperoxidase level, increases, indicators of spontaneous luminol-dependent chemiluminescence are activated, and a deficiency of lysosomal cationic proteins occurs; this prevents the penetration of the pathogen into the lower respiratory tract.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN SECRETION OF RAT SKIN MAST CELLS IN SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
N. V. Yaglova ◽  
S. S. Obernikhin ◽  
V. V. Yaglov
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Functional Changes

Mast cells are active participants of innate immune response. Systemic immune response induces functional changes even in organs, which are not considered primary targets of bacterial or viral infections. Cytophysiology of mast cells located in organs not affected by systemic inflammatory response, like skin, is still poorly studied. Investiga- tions of this issue might elucidate some pathogenetic mechanism of skin diseases associated with previously devel- oped intestinal or respiratory infection. The aim was to investigate structural changes of rat skin mast cells in systemic inflammatory response indicative of mast cell secretion. Materials and methods: The experiment was performed on 45 male Wistar rats. Systemic inflammatory response was induced by intraperitoneal injection of sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide E. coli (20mg/kg). The survived rats were sacrificed 1 and 7 days after injection. Serum levels of interleucine-2, 12p40, and interferon-γ were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histological examination of abdominal skin slices, stained with hematoxilin and eosin and toluidine blue was performed. Results. The rats developed systemic inflammatory response, which attenuated on the 7th day after lipopolysac- charide injection. No significant changes in skin morphology were found. Skin mast cells demonstrated some morpho- logical and functional changes indicative of active secretion of mediators without activation of degranulation. On the 7th day mast cell cytophysiology had no significant changes compared to the control group. Conclusion. Systemic inflammatory response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide does not activate migration of mast cells to skin, but changes their secretory processes by enhancing peace-meal degranulation.

scholarly journals Serum Lp-PLA2 Level Predicting Coronary Artery Lesions in Children with Kawasaki Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. E611-E618
Author(s):  
Xiong Zhang ◽  
Ya-Wang Shao ◽  
Ya-Lan Zhang ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an inflammatory disease associated with coronary vasculitis in children. In this study, we explored the correlation between Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and coronary artery lesions (CAL) in children with KD. Methods: Ninety-three children with KD were divided into a normal coronary artery (NCA, 54 cases) group and coronary artery lesions (CAL, 39 cases) group, according to the results of echocardiography. Another 42 healthy children were selected as the control group. The serumal levels of Lp-PLA2, Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level were analyzed. The left main coronary artery (LMCA), diameters of left anterior descending coronary artery (LADC), right proximal coronary artery (PRCA), and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were obtained by color Doppler ultrasound. The correlation between the above indexes and KD was analyzed. Results: The levels of white blood cell counts (WBC), ESR, CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 as well as IMT were significantly increased in KD children (P < 0.05), and the levels of CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 as well as IMT in the CAL group increased more significantly (P < 0.05). An increasing trend also has been described in the diameters of LMCA, LADC and PRCA for KD children with CAL compared with with NCA. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the elevated levels of CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 were independent risk factors for KD with CAL. Correlation analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 level was positively correlated with the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and CRP in CAL group and NCA group (respectively, all P < 0.01). In addition, a similar correlation was also described between Lp-PLA2 level and the diameters of LMCA, LADC and PRCA in CAL group (respectively, all P < 0.01). Conclusion: Lp-PLA2 may participate in the pathological mechanism of KD. Detection of the serum Lp-PLA2 level can be used in the diagnosis of KD disease and the assessment of coronary artery lesions in KD children.

Ghrelin and leptin levels in children with anxiety disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Ozmen ◽  
Asilay Şeker ◽  
Esra Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Important Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

Abstract Background Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric disorders in childhood and an important health problem that is associated with the risk of serious mental, educational and economical problems. Researchers have mentioned many different mechanisms in the etiopathology of anxiety disorders. This study aimed to investigate ghrelin and leptin levels in children with anxiety disorders and thus to contribute to the clarification of anxiety in children. Methods Forty-three children aged 6–12 years with a diagnosis of the Anxiety Disorder according to DSM 5 and 21 healthy children age- and gender-matched to the study group were included. All the subjects were assessed with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C) scale. Blood samples were obtained in the morning and serum ghrelin and leptin levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results In the anxiety group the ghrelin levels were higher than the control group (p = 0.037) but there was no significant difference between the leptin levels (p = 0.430). Also, when the girls in the anxiety group and the girls in the control group were compared, ghrelin levels were higher in the anxiety group (p < 0.01). Conclusions These findings suggest that ghrelin may play a significant role in the etiologic mechanisms of anxiety disorders. However, more detailed studies are needed to explain the linkage between anxiety disorders and neuropeptides.

scholarly journals Possible Role of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Childhood Seizures

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 087-091
Author(s):  
Magdy Mostafa Kamel ◽  
Samir Mohammed Mounir ◽  
Nagwa Ismail Okaily ◽  
Mohammed Hosny Abdelzaher ◽  
Mohammed Hosny Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Hsp70 Level ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background There has been a long interest in investigating the relationship between heat shock protein (HSP) expression and the evidence of neuronal damage in the most susceptible brain areas after seizures. So, the present study aimed to assess heat shock protein (HSP70) in children with seizures (febrile seizures and epilepsy), and to find out the cutoff point of this marker that may help in confirming epilepsy diagnosis. The present study has been conducted to evaluate serum levels of HSP70 in children with epileptic and febrile seizures and to compare these results to that of healthy children. Materials and Methods A prospective study included 85 children (32 females and 53 males) in Children and Maternity Unit, Minia University Hospital, Minia, Egypt. Children were subdivided into three groups, group (I) included 30 children with epilepsy, group (II) included 30 children with febrile seizures, and group (III) included 25 healthy children that served as a control group. HSP70 assay was performed for all included children using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results The overall results revealed significant high serum HSP70 levels in epilepsy and febrile seizures groups when compared with control group (p < 0.001). Also, HSP70 serum levels were significantly higher in epilepsy group than in febrile seizures group (p < 0.001). Serum HSP70 level at a cutoff point > 170 ng/L showed 60% sensitivity and specificity equal to 83.3% in prediction of epilepsy. Conclusion HSP70 level was significantly higher in epileptic and febrile seizures children than normal healthy children, and HSP70 may be beneficial in confirming the diagnosis of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Humoral Immunity and Interleukin 18 Receptor 1 in some Patients with Molluscum Contagiosum Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Molluscum Contagiosum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Molluscum Contagiosum Virus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Igg Level

The molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a dermatotropic poxvirus. The causative agent of molluscum contagiosum (MC) is nonlethal, common and worldwide. Additionally, little inflammation is associated with MC papules. The present study aims to evaluate the immune status of MC patients by measuring the level of immunoglobulins IgG and IgM by using the radial immune diffusion assay (RIA) and the level of interleukin 18 receptor 1 (IL-18R1) by the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The study is conducted during November 2013 to April, 2014 in outpatient clinic of Baquba Teaching Hospital. There are 75 patients, diagnosed with clinical lesions of MCV on different areas of the body, whose age is ranged between 2-50 years including 40(53.3%) males and 35(46.7%) females. The study includes 15 healthy persons age between 2-50 years. The level of IL 18R1 were significantly elevated in patients (677.15±874.22) compared with control (178.46±31.79 ng/ml). There is also a significant elevation in the mean level of serum IgM, where it is 1946.6±825.6 mg/dl while in control group is 140.1±68.7mg/dl. By contrast in patients with lower levels of IgG than the control, the mean serum IgG level in patient is 221.9±96.7 mg/dl while in the control is 1229.9±299.7 mg/dl. Finally, there is no significant difference between MC patients from rural area and urban area.

scholarly journals Protein Energy Wasting in a Sample of Egyptian Children on Regular Hemodialysis: Relation to Anorexigenic Hormones

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 658-665
Author(s):  
Ragia M. Said ◽  
Maged A. El Wakeel ◽  
Ghada M. El-Kassas ◽  
Hend H. Mostafa ◽  
Alyaa H. Kamhawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Growth Impairment ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

BACKGROUND: Increased incidence of pediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with associated serious consequences indicating a major public health problem. Malnutrition and uremic wasting are leading causes of growth impairment and increasing morbidity and mortality of pediatric ESRD patients, predominantly those on regular hemodialysis (HD). Ghrelin and obestatin, which are known appetite regulatory hormones, might have a pivotal role in uremic wasting and growth impairment in hemodialyzed children. AIM: The aim of the present study was to measure serum unacylated ghrelin (UAG) and obestatin and to investigate their roles in the growth impairment of Egyptian hemodialyzed children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 50 hemodialyzed and 40 healthy children recruited from the Department of Nephrology, Pediatric Hospital, Ain Shams University. Full clinical examination and measurement of anthropometric indices were done. Routine labs were done as well, with an assessment of serum levels of obestatin, UAG, and insulin by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, we determined fasting serum glucose and lipid profile with the calculation of homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: Anthropometric measurements were statistically significantly decreased in the hemodialyzed group than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Weight z-score was the most affected anthropometric parameter (37 patients = 74% with underweight and 13 patients = 26% with normal weight). The hemodialyzed children showed a significant increase of UAG, obestatin, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, and TG, while a significant decrease of HDL-cholesterol and albumin (p < 0.01). UAG had a negative correlation with Wt-z score, Ht z-score, fat mass %, albumin, and TG while obestatin was inversely correlated to Wt-z score, BMI z-score, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio (W/H). CONCLUSION: UAG and obestatin hormones were elevated in a group of Egyptian children on regular HD. These hormones were strongly related to the impairment of renal functions, and anthropometric parameters, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, and insulin resistance in these pediatric hemodialyzed patients.

Differences of TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 in lobar pneumonia and bronchial pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Tian ◽  
Li-Ping Chen ◽  
Gang Yuan ◽  
Ai-Min Zhang ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Lobar Pneumonia ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and galectin-3 concentrations in lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia induced by mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children and to explore these related factors predicting the severity of MP. METHODS: A total of 148 children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and 32 healthy controls were analyzed from March 2017 to August 2018 in our province. Clinical information was collected from the hospitalized MP patients. The 148 patients with MPP were divided into two groups: lobar pneumonia group and bronchial pneumonia group. The 32 healthy children were considered the control group. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 were examined in the serum of 148 children patients with MPP and 32 healthy children by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 levels were obviously higher in both the lobar pneumonia and bronchial pneumonia groups, compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, these levels were significantly higher in the lobar pneumonia group, compared to the bronchial pneumonia group. After treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 totally descended during the recovery period. CONCLUSION: There are differences in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 concentrations in lobar pneumonia and bronchial pneumonia caused by MP in children. In general, the TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 levels were significantly higher in the lobar pneumonia group, when compared to the bronchial pneumonia group. This was because most lobar pneumonia cases are much more serious than bronchial pneumonia. Moreover, it has been proven that TNF-α, IL-6 and Gal-3 may play an important role in the pathogenesis development of MPP. At the same time, these are important issues in diagnosing MPP.

scholarly journals Neuron-specific enolase as a diagnostic marker of chronic gastroduodenitis in children

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
S. KH. Dombayan ◽  
L. А. Kharitonovа ◽  
I. V. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Group I ◽  
High Level

Objective: to assess the nature of changes in the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in children suffering from chronic gastroduodenitis, depending on the severity of the disease, gender and physical development indicators.Materials and methods. The study group included 154 children aged 8–15 years with chronic gastroduodenitis. The main group includes children with superficial gastroduodenitis (group I) and erosive gastroduodenitis (group II). The control group consisted of 56 healthy children. All children underwent an assessment of physical development. The serum NSE level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was revealed that the main parameters of the physical development of children from the control group exceeded the values of similar parameters of children of the main group. High NSE values were established in children with chronic gastroduodenitis in comparison with the control (p≤0.01). The NSE level in boys exceeded the value of the indicator in girls in the main group and in the control group. The level of NSE in girls of the main group exceeded the value of NSE in healthy girls (p≤0.05). Studying the level of NSE taking into account gender and the severity of the pathological process revealed higher rates in boys with erosive gastroduodenitis compared with the control group (p≤0.05). In the group of children with erosive gastroduodenitis, higher NSE rates were found in boys compared with girls (p<0.05).Conclusions: A high level of NSE in children with erosive gastroduodenitis and revealed gender differences in NSE concentrations in blood serum indicate the possible role of this indicator in the development of severe forms of the disease and do not exclude the possible association of the effects of this enzyme with the function of sex hormones. The quantitative values of NSE for predicting the development of chronic gastroduodenitis in children are established. 

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