International trade of natural gas (principal importers and exporters), 2011 and 2012

2015 ◽  
pp. 340-343
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Natural Gas

International Trade in Natural Gas

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Melamid
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Natural Gas

scholarly journals EXPANSION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE WITH RUSSIAN GAS FOR THE ACCOUNT OF ITS DIVERSIFICATION AND USE OF INNOVATIVE DIRECTIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
R. M. Zhdanovskih
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Forward Contracts ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the gas export of the Russian Federation, as well as to the search for solutions to the problems arising in the process of foreign gas trading by Russian gas companies. It is specially noted that, as a serious shortcoming of gas exports from Russia, it is only one-pointedness to European countries (mainly to EU countries) and Turkey. In addition, it is pointed out that the supply of natural gas (GHG) from the Russian Federation is carried out with a few exceptions only through pipeline systems. All this puts Gazprom and a number of other Russian gas companies in greater dependence, both from direct European importers and from GHG transit countries. It will be possible to solve the problem of diversification and reliability of gas export to the far abroad of the Russian Federation only due to a certain transition to a new technological type of storage and transportation of NG – in liquefied state. In this case, Russian gas companies will be able to export LNG not only via pipelines to a limited number of countries, but also in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by gas tanks to many countries of the world. This will expand the scale of gas trade to the size of oil trading operations. Russian gas companies and Gazprom, using innovative forms of trade in illegal volumes of LNG in the form of spot, futures and forward contracts, will be able to carry out more flexible trading operations and receive increased profits. At the same time, their dependence on European consumers of Russian pipeline PG and transit countries will decrease.

Natural Gas and International Trade

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Stein
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Natural Gas
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