scholarly journals Copper-Zinc Battery’s Performance with Different Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Jiaxuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Copper Zinc

<p>This research evaluates how different electrolytes affect the voltage output of a battery. As one of the few types of devices capable of storing electrical energy, batteries are extremely efficient and reliable. They are widely adopted in a great number of devices, hence they are important to our daily life. How to construct better batteries will always be one of the most crucial challenges of our developments in energy. In this research we tested two different salt solutions, NaCl solution and KOH solution, on a Cu-Zn cell to see which works better.</p>

FABRICATION AND TESTING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY REGENERATIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazli Firdaus Jamil ◽  
Mohd Azman Abdullah ◽  
Norreffendy Tamaldin ◽  
Ahmed Esmael Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Vehicle Usage ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System ◽  
Wasted Energy

The world is demanding for alternative way of energy consumption for vehicle usage. The energy efficient vehicle (EEV) is one of the advancement for future land transportation that known as hybrid and electric vehicles nowadays. The vehicles use different energy other than fuel which is electric energy. This paper emphasizes the development of electromagnetic energy regenerative suspension system (EReSS) as a system that harvests energy from the vibration of vehicle suspension system. The harvested energy is converted to electrical energy for vehicle usage. A prototype of electromagnetic EReSS is fabricated and laboratory experimentation on test rig is conducted to test the voltage output. It is observed that the EReSS can harvest the wasted energy from the vibration and produce sufficient electric energy for the vehicle electrical and electronic usage. The number of windings of the coil and diameter of the coil affect the voltage output of the EReSS. The voltage output of the EReSS can be optimized by setting up the parameters. As the EReSS is proven to harvest energy, it can be used on hybrid and electric vehicle to improve the efficiency of the vehicle and reduce the fuel consumption.

Preparation, Characterization and Swelling Behaviours of a Novel Multifunctional Superabsorbent Composite Based on Ca-Montmorillonite and Sodium Humate

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yian Zheng ◽  
Aiqin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Inorganic Component ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Superabsorbent Composite

AbstractIn this work, a novel water-managing superabsorbent composite was prepared by graft copolymerization reaction using acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) as the monomers, calcium montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) as an inorganic component and sodium humate (SH) as fertilizer, and well characterized by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of the reaction temperature, neutralization degree of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, Ca-MMT and SH on water absorbencies were systematically investigated. The water absorbencies of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal conditions with a Ca-MMT content of 20 wt% and an SH content of 30 wt% are 615 g g-1 and 45 g g-1 in distilled water and in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The swelling behaviours of the superabsorbent composite in various cationic salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and FeCl3) were also investigated and it was found that at the same saline concentration (> 0.1 mmol L-1), the effect of three cationic salt solutions on the swelling capability has the following order: NaCl < CaCl2 < FeCl3. Here, it is worthy to point out that the water absorbency and swelling behaviours of the developed composite were improved by introducing simultaneously Ca-MMT and SH into PAA-AM network in comparison with that of incorporated single with Ca-MMT or SH.

scholarly journals Infrared spectrum of HDO in water and in NaCl solution

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans R. Wyss ◽  
Michael Falk
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectrum ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Molecular Geometry ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Infrared Band

The molar absorptivity of dilute HDO in water and in aqueous NaCl solutions was determined at temperatures between 10 and 85° in the spectral region from 4000 to 2000 cm−1.The infrared band profiles for the OH and OD stretching fundamentals are single-peaked and devoid of shoulders, in contrast to the high-frequency shoulders recently observed in the Raman spectrum. It is shown that such shoulders do not contradict a single-peaked distribution of OH oscillators with respect to inter-molecular geometry. Absence of resolvable sub-bands in the spectrum of HDO in concentrated salt solutions indicates a wide distribution of ion–H2O interactions, akin to the distribution of H2O–H2O interactions in water.

Thermodynamics of Cm(III) in Concentrated Salt Solutions: Carbonate Complexation in NaCl Solution at 25°C

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Fanghänel ◽  
Th. Könnecke ◽  
H. Weger ◽  
P. Paviet-Hartmann ◽  
V. Neck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Carbonate Complexation

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN INTENSITAS CAHAYA MATAHARI PADA PERMUKAAN PANEL SURYA (SOLAR CELL) MENGGUNAKAN CERMIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Soni A Kaban ◽  
Muhamad Jafri ◽  
Gusnawati Gusnawati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Flat Mirror ◽  
A Current

Abstrak Energi surya merupakan salah satu energi yang bias dikonversi menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan panel surya (photovoltaic solar). Pada penelitian ini, dirancang panel surya dengan cermin datar sebagai reflektor scanning dengan empat buah reflektor pada empat sisi panel surya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan keluaran panel surya yang optimal menggunakan cemin sebagai media reflektornya dan mendapatkan konfigurasi penempatan cermin untuk meningkatkan keluaran arus dan tegangan panel surya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan percobaan terhadap objek bahan penelitian dengan kemiringan reflektor cermin 30o, 45o, dan 60o. Dengan penambahan reflector cermin pada panel surya menyebabkan peningkatan keluaran panel surya pada pukul 12.00 Wita. Panel tanpa reflektor mengahasilkan Arus 2,1 Ampere, Tegangan 6,52 Volt. Panel reflektor 30o menghasilkan Arus 1,89 Ampere, Tegangan 6,25 Volt, Panel reflektor 45o, Arus 2,33 Ampere, Tegangan 6,15 Volt dan Panel reflektor Arus 3,02 Ampere, dan Tegangan 6,41 Volt.Kata kunci: Energi; fotovoltaik; panel surya; cermin. Abstract Solar energy is one of the energies that can be converted into electrical energy using solar panels (photovoltaic solar). In this study, a solar panel with a flat mirror as a scanning reflector was designed with four reflectors on the four sides of the solar panel. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to obtain optimal solar panel output using the mirror as a reflector medium and obtain a mirror placement configuration to increase the current and voltage output of the solar panels. The method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting experiments on the object of the research material with a mirror reflector tilt of 30o, 45o, and 60o. With the addition of a mirror reflector on the solar panel, it causes an increase in the output of the solar panel at 12.00 GMT+08. The panel without a reflector produces a current of 2.1 Ampere, a voltage of 6.52 volts. The 30o-reflector panel produces a current of 1.89 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.25 Volts, a 450 Reflector Panel, a Current of 2.33 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.15 Volts and a Current 3.02 Amperes of Reflector Panel, and a Voltage of 6.41 Volts. Keywords: Energy; photovoltaic; solar panel; mirror

scholarly journals Analysis of Photovoltaic Cells Performance at University of Bangka Belitung

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Andi Maulana ◽  
Welly Yandi ◽  
Wahri Sunanda
Keyword(s):  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Real Power ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
The Real ◽  
Voltage Output

Photovoltaic as a renewable source of electrical energy is utilized at University of Bangka Belitung (UBB) as a source of additional electrical energy. With a capacity of 280 Wp per unit, the photovoltaic performance needs to be maintained so that their performance is getting better. After cleaning with cleaning fluid, the photovoltaic voltage output has increased from 13.7 - 16.8 volt to 17.4 - 22.6 volt. After cleaning the photovoltaic, the current output also increased from 0.33 - 1.8 A to 1.5 - 7.6 A. The real power generated also increased from 4.5 - 29.7 Watt to 26 - 164 Watt

scholarly journals The Conductance and Swelling of Composite Membrane ‘Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles’ in Monovalent Salt Solution ‘KCl and NaCl’

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Eri Sandriani ◽  
Ni Nyoman Rupiasih ◽  
Made Sumadiyasa
Keyword(s):  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Membrane Conductance ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Chitosan Matrix ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Monovalent Salt ◽  
Chitosan Composite

A research about to determine the conductance and water absorption capacity (swelling) of the composite membrane has been conducted. The membrane used was a membrane made of chitosan matrix, silver nanoparticle(AgNP) of 100 µg as a filler and acetic acid 1% as a solvent, which named chitosan composite membrane (Ch-AgNP). A 2% chitosan membrane (membrane Ch) used as a comparison. The membrane conductance value determined by measuring the membrane voltage (V) as a function of current (I) in monovalent salt solutions of NaCl and KCl with a concentration of 0.025 M. The swelling tests have been carried out using distilled water. The results showed that Ch membrane conductance was greater than the Ch-AgNP composite membrane. In KCl solution, the conductance is 0.0991 ?-1 and 0.0984 ?-1 and in NaCl solution are 0.1002 ?-1 and 0.0996 ?-1. The membrane conductance is greater in NaCl solution than in KCl solution. The swelling test showed that the swelling percentage of Ch-AgNP composite membrane was greater than Ch membrane

scholarly journals EQUIVALENTS OF THE PASSIVE EIGHT-EARTH POLAR WITH THREE INPUT AND FIVE OUTPUT CONCLUSIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
G. A. Bolshanyn
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Output Current ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Eight-poles of various designs, including an eight-terminal network with three input and five output terminals, are needed to replace some power objects. Especially when only the input and output characteristics of electrical energy are of interest. The paper presents the eightterminal network equations with three input and five output terminals, establishing a connection between these characteristics. Equations of the A-form establish a connection between the input and output voltages and currents; the B-form equations establish a connection between the output and input voltages and currents; G-form equations establish a connection between the input current, output voltages and output voltage, output currents; H-form equations establish the relationship between the input voltage, output currents and output current, output voltages; the Yform equations establish a connection between the input and output currents and the input and output voltages; The Z-form equations establish the relationship between the input and output voltages and the input and output currents. When implementing these equations, attention should be paid to the difference in the directions of the currents in each individual case.

scholarly journals Direct-Current Generators Based on Conductive Polymers for Self-Powered Flexible Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Meng ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Guangyuan Xu ◽  
Yinji Ma ◽  
Heling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Schottky Contact ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Current Generator ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Current Voltage

Abstract Direct-current generators, especially those based on the Schottky contact between conductive polymers and metal electrodes, are efficient in converting mechanical stimuli into electrical energy. In contrast to triboelectric and piezoelectric generators, direct-current generators readily produce direct-current outputs and high currents that are crucial for integrating multiple energy-harvesting units in large scale and driving some types of devices. To further increase the current/voltage output of direct-current generator, here, we systematically investigate the effects of various conductive polymers and electrodes on the outputs by both computations and experiments. Particularly, the direct-current generator based on Cu/PANI/Ag is found to exhibit overwhelmingly current and voltage outputs over previous ones (current: 800 µA, 4 times larger; voltage: 3.5 V, 5 times larger.) under the same mechanical deformation. The preparation method of electrochemical deposition endows the generators flexibility, the linear relationship of current/voltage output vs. strain applied on the generators, combined with the large outputs offer advantages for the generator to work as flexible sensors. Furthermore, a mechanosensation-active matrix array based on direct-current generator for the strain monitoring demonstrated its promising prospects in flexible electronics. The direct-current generators with improved performance could serve as a stream new blood for versatile sensory systems and human-machine interactive interfaces.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document