scholarly journals Monitoring Respirable Dust Exposure in Fettling Work Environment of a Foundry: A Proposed Design Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-767
Author(s):  
Milap Sharma ◽  
Krishan K. Kataria ◽  
Narendra M. Suri ◽  
Suman Kant
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Control Intervention ◽  
And Control

Foundry workers are exposed to numerous health hazards, which includes respirable dust exposure as a prominent health issue. Apart from metallic dust, respirable crystalline silica (RCS) is generated during the fettling operation, which is very hazardous and a leading cause for silicosis. Evaluation and control of such hazards deserve particular attention in order to reduce the dust exposure level upto the permissible limits. In present study, an attempt was made to propose a low-cost design control intervention utilizing sensor based intelligence (ATmega328P microcontroller and an optical dust-sensor, SHARP GP2Y1010AU0F) for monitoring the dust exposure, followed by virtual ergonomics approach in CATIAV5R20. The proposed device was tested under several operating conditions. The results indicated that the prototype was sensitive to dust, having higher average dust density values under the dust haze weather condition (arithmetic mean (AM): 0.2590 mg/m3, geometric mean (GM): 0.2350 mg/m3) and fettling work-section (AM: 0.2550 mg/m3, GM: 0.2164 mg/m3) respectively, as compared to other conditions. Also, biomechanics analysis yielded the spine compression values lesser than the recommended limits, validating that the proposed fettling booth models could be considered as suggestive engineering control measures in conjunction with the designed prototype, so as to minimize the respirable dust exposure levels.

Silicosis in rhinestone-manufacturing workers in South China

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wen ◽  
X Wen ◽  
R Li ◽  
S Su ◽  
H Xu
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Total Dust ◽  
Silica Dust ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Silicosis is caused by long-term exposure to silica dust. Crystal rhinestone workers can be exposed to high levels of silica dust and are at risk of silicosis. Aims To explore silicosis cases, silica dust exposure and control measures in a rhinestone factory in South China. Methods We extracted and analysed data on new silicosis cases reported to China’s occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system between 2006 and 2012 from a rhinestone factory in South China. We measured the quartz content of bulk dust, static total and respirable dust samples. Results Ninety-eight silicosis cases were reported between 2006 and 2012. The mean duration of silica dust exposure was 9.2 years (range 3–16). Drilling and polishing workers accounted for 96 (98%) of cases. We collected 1479 static samples including 690 total dust and 789 respirable dust samples. Mean dust levels for drilling were 1.01 mg/m3 (range 0.20–3.80) for total dust and 0.51 mg/m3 (range 0.04–1.70) for respirable dust. Mean dust levels for polishing were 0.59 mg/m3 (range 0.20–2.10) for total dust and 0.28 mg/m3 (range 0.08–0.71) for respirable dust. Over a third [289/789 (37%)] of total dust samples and 129/690 (19%) respirable dust samples exceeded the national permissible exposure limit. Conclusion Exposure to silica dust, ineffective dust control measures and inefficient health surveillance may have contributed to the incidence of silicosis in the factory we studied. Identification of silica dust exposure and effective dust control measures would reduce the risk of silicosis in rhinestone workers.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure to Flour Dust. Exposure Assessment and Effectiveness of Control Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Martinelli ◽  
Fabiola Salamon ◽  
Maria Luisa Scapellato ◽  
Andrea Trevisan ◽  
Liviano Vianello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Industrial Hygiene ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Local Exhaust Ventilation ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Flour Dust

The adverse effects associated with exposure to flour dust have been known since the 1700s. The aim of the study was to assess the occupational exposure to flour dust in Italian facilities, identify the activities characterized by the highest exposure, and provide information to reduce workers’ exposure. The study was performed in different facilities such as flourmills (n = 2), confectioneries (n = 2), bakeries (n = 24), and pizzerias (n = 2). Inhalable flour dust was assessed by personal and area samplings (n = 250) using IOM (Institute of Occupational Medicine) samplers. The results showed personal occupational exposure to flour dust over the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygiene (ACGIH) and the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limit (SCOEL) occupational limits (mean 1.987 mg/m3; range 0.093–14.055 mg/m3). The levels were significantly higher for dough makers in comparison to the dough formers and packaging area subjects. In four bakeries the industrial hygiene surveys were re-performed after some control measures, such as installation of a sleeve to the end of pipeline, a lid on the mixer tub or local exhaust ventilation system, were installed. The exposure levels were significantly lower than those measured before the introduction of control measures. The exposure level reduction was observed not only in the dough making area but also in all bakeries locals.

scholarly journals Environmental Particulate Matter (PM) Exposure Assessment of Construction Activities Using Low-Cost PM Sensor and Latin Hypercubic Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7797
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Numan Khan ◽  
Miroslaw J. Skibniewski ◽  
Chansik Park
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Dust Generation

Dust generation is generally considered a natural process in construction sites; ergo, workers are exposed to health issues due to fine dust exposure during construction work. The primary activities in the execution of construction work, such as indoor concrete and mortar mixing, are investigated to interrogate and understand the critical high particulate matter concentrations and thus health threats. Two low-cost dust sensors (Sharp GP2Y1014AU0F and Alphasense OPC N2) without implementing control measures to explicitly evaluate, compare and gauge them for these construction activities were utilized. The mean exposures to PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 during both activities were 3522.62, 236.46 and 47.62 µg/m3 and 6762.72, 471.30 and 59.09 µg/m3, respectively. The results show that PM10 and PM2.5 caused during the concrete mixing activity was approximately double compared to the mortar. The Latin Hypercube Sampling method is used to analyze the measurement results and to predict the exposure concentrations. The high dust emission and exposure from mixing activities fail to meet the World Health Organization and Health and Safety Commission standards for environmental exposure. These findings will leverage the integration of low-cost dust sensors with Building Information Modelling (BIM) to formulate a digital twin for automated dust control techniques in the construction site.

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

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