scholarly journals Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with drop out from walk in-clinic in patients with psychoactive substance use

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Ajeet Sidana ◽  
◽  
Akashdeep Singh ◽  
Gurvinder Pal Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use

scholarly journals Prevalence of, Factors Associated with and Level of Dependence of Psychoactive Substance Use among Mekelle University Students, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azeb Gebresilassie Tesema ◽  
Znabu Hadush Kahsay ◽  
Gebrezgi Gidey Lemma ◽  
Welday Hagos Gebretsadik ◽  
Mamuye Mussie Weldemaryam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Mekelle University ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
University Undergraduate Students

Background: Psychoactive substance use is a major public health concern globally. Though youth attending higher education institutions are considered particularly vulnerable to psychoactive substances, there is a paucity of evidence in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the prevalence of psychoactive substance use, factors associated with psychoactive substance use and level of dependence among Mekelle University undergraduate students in Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional survey was used to randomly (using multistage sampling) invite 1220 undergraduate students in April and May 2017 to participate. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with psychoactive substance use. Level of dependence was determined using the WHO’s Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test classification. Results: Among the eligible students approached, 1214 participants completed the survey, which yields a 99.5% response rate. The lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use was 66.5% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 64% to 69%) while the current prevalence was 49% (95% CI = 46% to 52%). A history of, but not current, psychoactive substance use was reported by 18%, while 33.5% reported never having used psychoactive substances. The current prevalence of alcohol use was 35.5%, tobacco 7.8% and khat 5.7%. Of the current users, 17% (95% CI = 14% to 20%) were at a moderate to high risk of dependency. Being over 21 years of age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.37 to 2.25), male (AOR = 3.13; 95% CI = 2.26 to 4.34), living in urban areas (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.77 to 3.23), an Orthodox Christian (AOR = 7.55, 95% CI = 4.56 to 12.48), and being in their 3rd year (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.49 to 3.55), 4th year (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.2 to 3.51) and 5th year (AOR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.81 to 7.67) at university were associated with currently using psychoactive substances. Being male and Orthodox Christian was associated with being an ex-smoker. Conclusions: Approximately half of Mekelle University undergraduate students were using psychoactive substances with almost one in five at risk of dependency. The likelihood of use increased with seniority. Evidence-based strategies are needed to prevent school-aged children from using psychoactive substances and university students becoming dependent on substances. Interventions designed to stop current psychoactive substance use may also have promise for reducing dependency.

scholarly journals Psychoactive Substance Use and Its Associated Factors among Truck Drivers in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tewodros Yosef ◽  
Dawit Getachew ◽  
Biruk Bogale ◽  
Wondimagegn Wondimu ◽  
Nigusie Shifera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use

Background. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) remain an important public health issue worldwide. Psychoactive substance use is one of the main contributors to the occurrence of traffic accidents, and its use by truck drivers is a global problem. Also, psychoactive substance use is a commonly observed behavior among truck drivers. To the best of our knowledge, no evidence shows the prevalence and factors associated with psychoactive substance use among truck drivers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with psychoactive substance use among truck drivers in Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 systematically selected truck drivers at Modjo dry port in Ethiopia, from February 1 to March 1, 2018. The data were collected through face-to-face individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the association using crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals. The level of significance was declared at p value < 0.05 in the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Results. Of the 400 truck drivers interviewed, the overall one-month self-reported prevalence of psychoactive substance use was 70% ( n = 280 ). In the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis, aged 38 years and above ( AOR = 0.40 , 95% CI [0.23-0.69]), Christianity religion ( AOR = 0.52 , 95% CI [0.28-0.97]), college and university education ( AOR = 3.47 , 95% CI [1.27-9.47]), having a family size of 3 or more ( AOR = 0.34 , 95% CI [0.20-0.60]), having 6 or more hours spent sleeping at night ( AOR = 0.46 , 95% CI [0.28-0.75]), and rest breaks between driving ( AOR = 2.13 , 95% CI [1.14-3.97]) were significantly associated with psychoactive substance use. Conclusion. The one-month prevalence of psychoactive substance use among truck drivers was remarkably high. We can conclude that psychoactive substance use is a public health problem among truck drivers, which is a major threat to themselves and others on the road. The sociodemographic and occupational factors are the factors associated with drivers’ psychoactive substance use. Therefore, devising health education and counseling program for drivers to tackle the problem plays paramount importance.

Religious Uses of Licit and Illicit Psychoactive Substances in a Branch of the Santo Daime Religion

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Santo Daime ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Constant Source

The article deals with the different effects of tolerant and prohibitionist policies associated with psychoactive substance use in Brazil. Whereas the licit use of ayahuasca has been successfully incorporated into mainstream Brazilian society, the ritual use of cannabis by one of the Santo Daime religious groups has never been fully accepted and remains a constant source of problems for the ayahuasca churches, their followers and society at large.

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