scholarly journals Toxicity of 3 water samples tested with the Bacteria luminescence inhibition testusing Vibrio fischeri (Microtox) : Test report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Keur ◽  
◽  
N.H.B.M. Kaag
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Test Report ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
Microtox Test

The relationship between composition and toxicity of tannery wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cotman ◽  
J. Zagorc-Končan ◽  
A. Žgajnar-Gotvajn
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Air Stripping ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
The Relationship

Key toxic components have been identified in pre-treated tannery wastewater with fractionation of samples through chemical and physical means (filtration, air stripping, adsorption on activated carbon, …). The goal of each fractionation step was to reduce the toxicity due to a specific group of chemicals and compare the results to the toxicity present in the unaltered sample. Toxicity short-term tests with the invertebrate Daphnia magna and the bacterial luminescence inhibition test with Vibrio fischeri were used in combination with chemical analyses. During the toxicity identification and evaluation fractionation, a portion of the sample was pressure filtered. Treated samples contained less organic pollution and metals and were less toxic especially to Daphnia magna. For the removal of ammonia the second portion of sample was air-stripped at different pH levels. We removed 84% of ammonia at pH 11; the toxicity to both organisms decreased but ammonia did not have a deciding effect on the toxicity of tannery wastewater when the organic load was still present. The most successful procedure for toxicity removal was adsorption on powdered activated carbon. We removed organic pollution detected as COD, organic nitrogen compounds and part of the metals. Zeolite treatment was a little less successful for removing ammonia than air-stripping.

scholarly journals Removal of Azo Dye Acid Red 27 from Aqueous Solutions Using Classical and Modified Fenton Reagent with Zero-Valent Iron

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5(137)) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Simona Kliś ◽  
Maciej Thomas ◽  
Krzysztof Barbusiński ◽  
Klaudiusz Gołombek ◽  
Łukasz Krzemiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Modified Fenton ◽  
Microtox Test ◽  
Parameter Values

The article compares the classic Fenton reagent (Fe2+/H2O2) with its modification with zero-valent iron (ZVI/H2O2) to remove azo dye Acid Red 27 from aqueous solutions at a concentration of 100 mg/L. For both methods, the most favorable parameter values ​​were determined at which visual discoloration of the solutions tested was obtained (for Fe2+/H2O2:pH 3.5, H2O2=60 mg/L, Fe2+/H2O2=0.3, t=15 min, and for ZVI/H2O2: pH 3, H2O2=40 mg/L, ZVI=80 mg/L, t=15 min). Under these conditions, the COD value was reduced by 71.5% and 69.2% for the classic Fenton and its modification, respectively. A reduction in toxicity was also obtained for Vibrio fischeri bacteria to below 25% by using the Microtox test. ZVI digestion at acidic pH for 10 minutes allowed to shorten the reaction time by about four times - from 15 to 4 minutes. BET analysis showed that the specific surface area increases with the digestion time, which significantly accelerates the reaction. The visual discoloration of aqueous solutions was obtained, and the final COD values ​​were very small, ranging from 49-53 mg O2/L. According to the Vibrio fischeri toxicity classification test for water samples, all solutions of dyes tested can be considered as non-toxic (toxicity value <25%). In the study presented, results of decreasing the COD value and concentration of the dye in the ZVI/H2O2 method obtained are slightly worse compared to the Fe2+/H2O2 method. However, taking the decolorisation time as a criterion, a four times faster decolorisation time was obtained in the ZVI/H2O2 method, compared to the Fe2+/H2O2 method.

Application of Fenton oxidation to reduce the toxicity of mixed parabens

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1867-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui C. Martins ◽  
Marta Gmurek ◽  
André F. Rossi ◽  
Vanessa Corceiro ◽  
Raquel Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
Toxicity Analysis ◽  
Single Compound ◽  
The Impact

The aims of the present work were to assess the application of a chemical process to degrade a mixture of parabens and determine the influence of a natural river water matrix on toxicity. Model effluents containing either a single compound, namely methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, or to mimic realistic conditions a mixture of the six compounds was used. Fenton process was applied to reduce the organic charge and toxic properties of the model effluents. The efficiency of the decontamination has been investigated using a chemical as well as a toxicological approach. The potential reduction of the effluents' toxicity after Fenton treatment was evaluated by assessing (i) Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition, (ii) lethal effects amongst freshwater Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea), and (iii) the impact on mammalian neuronal activity using brain slices. From the environmental point of view such a broad toxicity analysis has been performed for the first time. The results indicate that Fenton reaction is an effective method for the reduction of chemical oxygen demand of a mixture of parabens and their toxicity to V. fischeri and C. fluminea. However, no important differences were found between raw and treated samples in regard to mammalian neuronal activity.

scholarly journals Thiourea Organocatalysts as Emerging Chiral Pollutants: En Route to Porphyrin-Based (Chir)Optical Sensing

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Nele Konrad ◽  
Matvey Horetski ◽  
Mariliis Sihtmäe ◽  
Khai-Nghi Truong ◽  
Irina Osadchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Soret Band ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Cd Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Base Interaction ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Binding Event ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition

Environmental pollution with chiral organic compounds is an emerging problem requiring innovative sensing methods. Amino-functionalized thioureas, such as 2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea (Takemoto’s catalyst), are widely used organocatalysts with virtually unknown environmental safety data. Ecotoxicity studies based on the Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition test reveal significant toxicity of Takemoto’s catalyst (EC50 = 7.9 mg/L) and its NH2-substituted analog (EC50 = 7.2–7.4 mg/L). The observed toxic effect was pronounced by the influence of the trifluoromethyl moiety. En route to the porphyrin-based chemosensing of Takemoto-type thioureas, their supramolecular binding to a series of zinc porphyrins was studied with UV-Vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, computational analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The association constant values generally increased with the increasing electron-withdrawing properties of the porphyrins and electron-donating ability of the thioureas, a result of the predominant Zn⋯N cation–dipole (Lewis acid–base) interaction. The binding event induced a CD signal in the Soret band region of the porphyrin hosts—a crucial property for chirality sensing of Takemoto-type thioureas.

scholarly journals Application of geochemical and ecotoxicity indices for assessment of heavy metals content in soils / Zastosowanie wskaźników geochemicznych i ekotokysycznych w ocenie zawartości metali ciężkich w glebach

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Baran ◽  
Jerzy Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
High Level

Abstract The research aimed to use chemical, geochemical, and ecotoxicity indices to assess the heavy metals content in soils with different degrees of exposure to human pressure. The research was conducted in southern Poland, in the Malopolska (Little Poland) province. All metal contents exceeded geochemical background levels. The highest values of the Igeo index were found for cadmium and were 10.05 (grasslands), 9.31 (forest), and 5.54 (arable lands), indicating extreme soil pollution (class 6) with this metal. Mean integrated pollution index (IPI) values, depending on the kind of use, amounted to 3.4 for arable lands, 4.9 for forests, and 6.6 for grasslands. These values are indicative of a high level of soil pollution in arable lands and an extremely high level of soil pollution in grasslands and forests. Depending on the type of soil use, Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition was from -33 to 59% (arable lands), from -48 to 78% (grasslands), and from 0 to 88% (forest). Significantly the highest toxicity was found in soils collected from forest grounds.

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