AVR2-induced immunity to Phytophthora infestans by unrelated resistance genes of Solanum species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Aguilera Galvez
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Induced Immunity

scholarly journals The presence of Phytophthora infestans in the rhizosphere of a wild Solanum species may contribute to off-season survival and pathogenicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 103475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
Laura Masini ◽  
Rebecca McDougal ◽  
Preeti Panda ◽  
Levine de Zinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Wild Solanum Species ◽  
Wild Solanum

Effector-driven marker development and cloning of resistance genes against Phytophthora infestans in potato breeding clone SW93-1015

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Lenman ◽  
Ashfaq Ali ◽  
Per Mühlenbock ◽  
Ulrika Carlson-Nilsson ◽  
Erland Liljeroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Marker Development ◽  
Breeding Clone

scholarly journals Fungal Sensitivity to and Enzymatic Degradation of the Phytoanticipin α-Tomatine

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Sandrock ◽  
Hans D. VanEtten
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Tolerance

α-Tomatine, synthesized by Lycopersicon and some Solanum species, is toxic to a broad range of fungi, presumably because it binds to 3β-hydroxy sterols in fungal membranes. Several fungal pathogens of tomato have previously been shown to be tolerant of this glycoalkaloid and to possess enzymes thought to be involved in its detoxification. In the current study, 23 fungal strains were examined for their ability to degrade α-tomatine and for their sensitivity to this compound and two breakdown products, β2-tomatine and tomatidine. Both saprophytes and all five non-pathogens of tomato tested were sensitive, while all but two tomato pathogens (Stemphylium solani and Verticillium dahliae) were tolerant of α-to-matine (50% effective dose > 300 μM). Except for an isolate of Botrytis cinerea isolated from grape, no degradation products were detected when saprophytes and nonpathogens were grown in the presence of α-tomatine. All tomato pathogens except Phytophthora infestans and Pythium aphani-dermatum degraded α-tomatine. There was a strong correlation between tolerance to α-tomatine, the ability to degrade this compound, and pathogenicity on tomato. However, while β2-tomatine and tomatidine were less toxic to most tomato pathogens, these breakdown products were inhibitory to some of the saprophytes and nonpathogens of tomato, suggesting that tomato pathogens may have multiple tolerance mechanisms to α-tomatine.

scholarly journals Mating type, mefenoxam sensitivity, and pathotype diversity in Phytophthora infestans isolates from tomato in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Eduardo Cardozo de Miranda ◽  
Nelson Dias Suassuna ◽  
Ailton Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Tomato Breeding ◽  
Major Resistance Genes

The objective of this work was to characterize 79 Phytophthora infestans isolates collected in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fields, as to mating type, mefenoxam sensitivity, and pathotype composition. The isolates were sampled in 2006 and 2007 in seven Brazilian states as well as in the Distrito Federal. They were characterised as to mating type (n=79), sensitivity to fungicide mefenoxam (n=79), and virulence to three major resistance genes Ph-1, Ph-2, and Ph-3/Ph-4 (n=62). All isolates were of the mating type A1. Resistant isolates were detected in all sampled states, and its average frequency was superior to 50%. No difference was detected in pathotype diversity, neither between subpopulations collected in 2006 and 2007 nor between isolates grouped as resistant or intermediately sensitive to mefenoxam. All major resistance genes were overcome at different frequencies: Ph-1, 88.7%; Ph-2, 64.5%; and Ph-3/Ph-4, 25.8%. Isolates with virulence genes able to overcome all major resistance genes were detected at low frequencies. Tomato breeding programs in Brazil must avoid the development of cultivars with resistance based exclusively on major genes.

scholarly journals Wide Phenotypic Diversity for Resistance to Phytophthora infestans Found in Potato Landraces from Peru

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1530-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willmer Pérez ◽  
Miriam Ñahui ◽  
David Ellis ◽  
Gregory A. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Oomycete Pathogen ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Better Than

The wild and cultivated species of potato have been utilized in potato breeding to good effect but only a very small sample of the available biodiversity has been exploited. In total, 468 accessions of wild and cultivated species of potato were assessed for resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans using greenhouse assays. Wide phenotypic variation for resistance was found within a species (i.e., among accessions) but not among species which, on average, were similar. Nineteen accessions had resistance levels better than or similar to the variety Chucmarina, which is routinely used by the International Potato Center as a resistant control. Surprisingly, a number of accessions were significantly more susceptible than the susceptible control, Tomasa Condemayta. Frequency histograms of species indicated continuous variation for resistance with little evidence for functional resistance genes.

scholarly journals The effect of pyramiding Phytophthora infestans resistance genes R Pi-mcd1 and R Pi-ber in potato

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Adillah Tan ◽  
Ronald C. B. Hutten ◽  
Richard G. F. Visser ◽  
Herman J. van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Genes

scholarly journals First Report of Phytophthora infestans A2 Mating Type in Ecuador

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Oyarzun ◽  
M. E. Ordoñes ◽  
G. A. Forbes ◽  
W. E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
Wild Solanum Species ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Andean Highlands

The tropical highlands of Ecuador are a genetic center for several Solanaceous species, including potato. In 1995 and 1996, severe late blight epidemics occurred in wild Solanum species, e.g., Solanum brevifolium, growing in the transitional area between the highlands and the coastal tropical lowlands near the city of Quito. Sixteen isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected in 1995 and 36 isolates in 1996. Of these, three from 1995 and four from 1996 were A2 mating type. Extensive and systematic sampling of commercial potato and tomato in Ecuador have failed to reveal the presence of the A2 mating type (G. A. Forbes, X. M. Escobar, C. C. Ayala, J. Revelo, M. E. Ordoñez, B. A. Fry, K. Doucet, and W. E. Fry, Phytopathology, in press.). Apparently the A2 mating type reported for the first time in Ecuador is only associated with wild Solanaceous spp. Further research is required to determine the consequences of this event for management of late blight in both potato and tomato, two important field crops in the Andean highlands.

Changes in the antioxidant status in leaves of Solanum species in response to elicitor from Phytophthora infestans

2007 ◽  
Vol 164 (10) ◽  
pp. 1268-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Polkowska-Kowalczyk ◽  
Bernard Wielgat ◽  
Urszula Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Solanum Species
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document