Threats to the Urban Forest: The potential economic impacts of invasive forest pests and diseases in the Northeast

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kosiba ◽  
Emma Tait ◽  
Gene Desideraggio ◽  
Alyx Belisle ◽  
Clarke Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
Pests And Diseases

scholarly journals Forest Stewardship Series 16: Forest Pests and Diseases

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Morrison ◽  
Claralynn Nunamaker ◽  
John Leblanc ◽  
Gregory Giusti ◽  
Gary Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Forest Pests ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Forest Stewardship

scholarly journals Legal and Administrative Aspects of Forest Pest and Disease Control in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Pine Bark Beetles ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Forest Act

Approximately 40% of Japanese forests are softwood plantations consisting of trees such as Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), and several varieties of pine (Pinus spp.). Policies and programs related to forest pests and diseases are important for growing forest plantations. Damage caused by the pine bark beetle (Monochamus alternatus) has been a long-standing problem in Japan. Forest damage caused by the pine bark beetle was first found in Nagasaki Prefecture in 1905. Since then, the area of damage has expanded gradually to all prefectures. Damage caused by pine bark beetles became serious during and just after the end of the Second World War. In 1950, the Natural Resource Section of the General Headquarters of the Allied Forces, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (GHQ/SCAP) made recommendations for how to control forest pests and diseases. The first act was enacted in 1950, although the control of forest pests was initially addressed as part of the first Forest Act of 1897. Several important reasons for why the Japanese government has failed to stop the expansion of the damaged area can be found in GHQ recommendations: the lack of coordinated programs, underutilization of damaged trees, and shortcomings of forest-management plans.

scholarly journals Urban trees facilitate the establishment of non-native forest insects

NeoBiota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Branco ◽  
Pedro Nunes ◽  
Alain Roques ◽  
Maria Rosário Fernandes ◽  
Christophe Orazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Country ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
First Record ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Pests

Cities, due to the presence of ports and airports and the high diversity of trees in streets, parks, and gardens, may play an important role for the introduction of invasive forest pests. We hypothesize that areas of urban forest facilitate the establishment of non-native forest pests. Based on scientific literature and a pan-European database on non-native species feeding on woody plants, we analysed where the first detections occurred in European countries. We collected site data for 137 first detections in Europe and 508 first European country-specific records. We also estimated the percentage of tree cover and suitable habitat (green areas with trees) in buffers around detection points. The large majority of first records (89% for first record in Europe and 88% for first records in a European country) were found in cities or suburban areas. Only 7% of the cases were in forests far from cities. The probability of occurrence decreased sharply with distance from the city. The probability to be detected in urban areas was higher for sap feeders, gall makers, and seed or fruit feeders (>90%) than for bark and wood borers (81%). Detection sites in cities were highly diverse, including public parks, street trees, university campus, arboreta, zoos, and botanical gardens. The average proportion of suitable habitat was less than 10% in urban areas where the species were detected. Further, more than 72% of the cases occurred in sites with less than 20% of tree cover. Hotspots of first detection were identified along the coastal regions of the Mediterranean and Atlantic, and near industrial areas of central Europe. We conclude that urban trees are main facilitators for the establishment of non-native forest pests, and that cities should thus be intensely surveyed. Moreover, as urban areas are highly populated, the involvement of citizens is highly recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document