scholarly journals Water is Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Tanana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Indian Country ◽  
Main Factors

Water is life. Every household in America needs and is entitled to clean and safe water access. Yet, the magnitude of lack of clean water access in Indian country is significant and startling. Our report uncovers the four main factors that have exacerbated gaps in tribal drinking water access, and in turn hurt public health and economic growth:

scholarly journals USAGE PATTERN OF HOUSEHOLD DRINKING WATER IN DIARRHEA IN LAND OF BUMBU YEAR 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dicky Andiarsa ◽  
Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Ika Setianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The World ◽  
Pre Treatment

ABSTRACTDiarrhea has been long a public health concern in the world especially to infants and children. Diarrhea can be caused by many factors including sanitation, clean and healthy behavior, and access to clean water, consumption of drinking water and food, and so on. The results of the research in Tanah Bumbu Regency stated that some of the main causes related to the incidence of diarrhea in Tanah Bumbu Regency included Sanitation, Healthy and clean behavior, clean water access, and drinking water access. Secondary data analysis held to define the scheme of drinking water consumption in families with diarrhea patients in Tanah Bumbu Regency. The result showed that the most families with diarrhea consumed refill drinking water (67.06%) with most of them did not do any pre-treatment to the water (81.55%). The water consuming pattern has been changed to community of Tanah Bumbu Regency by consuming refilling water. Processing (boiling) refilling water before drinking can reduce the risk of diarrhea.Keywords: refilling drinking water, diarrhea, drinking water consumption patterns

scholarly journals Public health impacts of an imminent Red Sea oil spill

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Q Huynh ◽  
Laura H Kwong ◽  
Mathew V Kiang ◽  
Amir M. Mohareb ◽  
Aisha O Jumaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Oil Tanker

The FSO Safer, a deteriorating oil tanker containing 1.1 million barrels of oil, has been deserted off the coast of Yemen since 2015, and the risk of a massive oil spill is increasingly likely. Here we model public health impacts of the Safer spilling and predict severe disruption to fuel, food, and clean water access, stressing the need to address this impending disaster.

scholarly journals Outbreaks of infectious disease associated with private drinking water supplies in England and Wales 1970–2000

2003 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SAID ◽  
F. WRIGHT ◽  
G. L. NICHOLS ◽  
M. REACHER ◽  
M. RUTTER
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Public ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Heavy Rains

In England and Wales over the last 30 years there have been 25 reported outbreaks of infection, associated with private water supplies (PWS). The majority (16 outbreaks) were reported after the introduction of enhanced surveillance. Although PWS only serve 0·5% of the population, 36% of drinking water outbreaks are associated with PWS. The main pathogen, campylobacter, was implicated in 13 (52%) outbreaks. Most reported outbreaks (88%) occurred in commercial or Category Two supplies, which potentially affect larger populations. The main factors implicated in these outbreaks are temporary or transient populations, treatment (lack or failure), the presence of animals and heavy rains. The public health problem associated with PWS could be prevented by the identification and understanding of risk factors, by the proper protection of water sources and adequate treatment and maintenance. This could be facilitated through the introduction of a risk assessment as part of a scheme for PWS.

Governance, Politics, Democracy

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
Robert I. Rotberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
National Level ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Essential Services

High quality leadership everywhere, but especially in Africa, creates good governance. In turn, good governance enables positive outcomes for citizens: enhanced security and safety, economic growth, solid infrastructures, access to speedy broadband, educational opportunities, the availability of clean water, advanced public health treatments and capable care, elevated standards of living, freedoms of speech and assembly, respect for human rights, and a variety of other political and social attainments that are only possible when the governed benefit from accomplished and responsive government. Governance is performance, the delivery of quantities and qualities of essential services by a constituted authority that controls territory, whether at the municipal, the provincial, or the national level. Centuries ago governments—constituted bodies of authority—replaced sovereigns. Citizens subsequently expected, sometimes demanded, that their new governing bodies provide ever better and broader kinds of services. Constituents at various points refused merely to be organized by, dictated to, and taxed from above, by a governing authority. Their expectations grew as taxation became more of a transaction and less of an imposition. Ultimately, a sense of social contract took hold: the modern state could govern only if it won the consent of the governed and, in return, if it met the needs and desires of the inhabitants within its governmental orbit.

Harnessing the Public Health Power of Model Codes to Increase Drinking Water Access in Schools and Childcare

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Wilking ◽  
Angie L. Cradock ◽  
Steven L. Gortmaker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Water Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Plumbing Systems ◽  
State And Local

Drinking water is an important health behavior to support overall child health. Research indicates that children are consuming too little water and too many sugary drinks. Overconsumption of sugary drinks increases child risk for the epidemics of obesity and diet-related chronic diseases like type-II diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. Increasing access to appealing, low-cost drinking water in schools and childcare where children spend much of their time supports efforts to reduce sugary drink consumption. Drinking water infrastructure is key to water access in childcare and schools. In 2012-2013, almost one-third of permanent U.S. school buildings had plumbing systems in fair or poor condition, and almost 40 percent had major renovations or repairs planned.3 Basic plumbing standards for new construction and major renovations or repairs are contained in state and local plumbing codes, and many of these codes are derived from model codes established by private organizations. This article describes the model code process and intervention points where the public health community can work to improve plumbing standards in school buildings and childcare centers.

Clean water treatment using the filtration method for residents of Loa Duri Ulu Village, Loa Janan District, Kutai Kartanegara

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1903-1907
Author(s):  
Faisyal Faisyal ◽  
Marlinda Marlinda ◽  
Amiril Azizah ◽  
Dita Andansari ◽  
Mustafa Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Long Time

The problem of clean water in Loa Duri Ulu Village, Loa Janan District, Kutai Kartanegara has been going on for a long time ago. The effort of making a water treatment system through this service activity, gives hope to the residents of Loa Duri Ulu village, Loa Janan sub-district to end the suffering of consuming less decent water for the better. The purpose of this service is to meet the needs of clean water through filtration-based water treatment. With the guidance from this community service team, the residents are expected to be able to make their own water treatment systems for their own needs at home. Through this service activity, it can provide benefits to the community in the form of improving the quality of drinking water, so that public health increases.

scholarly journals ACCESS TO SAFE WATER AND THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT QUANDARY IN AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS OF A RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejo Olowu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Water Users

Despite formal and concerted commitments by African governments to achieve universal access to clean water through various initiatives since 2000, access to clean drinking water remains a continuous challenge for human development in Sub-Saharan Africa. While some states have achieved some progress, achieving largescale availability of safe water remains a humanitarian crisis in much of Africa. The underpinning premise of this article is that a comprehensive and integrated approach can ensure the sustainability of expanding access to drinking water and sanitation while facilitating economic growth and human development. This article thus investigates the institutional, political, economic, and communal constraints in achieving expanded access to clean water among vast African populations. What are the roles and responsibilities that the civil society and local government agencies have to assume (a) to ensure that local water users and their organizations can assume their responsibilities for sustainable water resource management; and (b) to make sure that water is indeed considered a human right, and not in the least for those who have little or no access to power and influence: women and other underprivileged groups in local societies? Beyond the question of funding, what will be the role and place of a rights-based approach to the underlying structural challenges of participatory planning; ownership of the distribution processes as well as local accountability, all of which determine the sustainability of development programming pertaining to water? This article proffers a series of trajectories within a right-based approaches framework and accentuates how pragmatic responses to the foregoing questions could contribute to the policy responses necessary to ensure the realization of a well-managed regime of water access, distribution, and management in Africa.

scholarly journals Design, performance, and demand for a novel in-line chlorine doser to increase safe water access

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Powers ◽  
Cynthia McMurry ◽  
Sarah Gannon ◽  
Adam Drolet ◽  
Jared Oremo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Service Package ◽  
Chlorine Residual ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Sales Pitch

AbstractFinancially sustainable strategies are needed to increase access to safe drinking water in low-income settings. We designed a novel in-line chlorine doser that employs the Venturi principle to automatically add liquid chlorine at the point of water collection (tap outflows). The Venturi does not require electricity or moving parts, and users do not have to change the way they typically collect water. We field-tested the Venturi and assessed its technical performance and sales viability at water kiosks in Kisumu County, Kenya. We offered kiosk owners 6-month service packages to lease or lease-to-own the device; 27% of kiosks given a sales pitch committed to a service package. All but one kiosk paid in full during the 6-month service period and more than two-thirds purchased the device with payments totaling >$250 USD per kiosk. Kiosk customers could choose to purchase chlorinated or unchlorinated water from separate taps; 66% reported buying chlorinated water. Kiosk taps fitted with the Venturi had detectable free chlorine residual 97.6% of the time. The technical performance of the Venturi and effective demand from kiosks indicate high potential for the Venturi to increase safe water access in low-income communities.

The world and Russia: Inflation is minimal, economic growth is slowing, risks are rising

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Ershov ◽  
Anna S. Tanasova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Money Creation ◽  
Main Factors

Russian economy has reached the low level of inflation, but economic growth has not accelerated. Moreover, according to official forecasts, in the following years it will still be low. The article concludes that domestic demand, which is one of the main factors of growth, is significantly constrained by monetary, budgetary and fiscal spheres. The situation in the Russian economy is still hampered by the decline of the world economic growth. The prospects of financial markets are highly uncertain. This increases the possibility of crisis in the world. Leading countries widely use non-traditional measures to support their economies in the similar environment. In the world economy as well as in Russia a principally new combination of factors has emerged, which create specific features of economic growth. It requires special set of measures to stimulate such growth. The article proves that Russian regulators have large unused potential to stimulate growth. It includes monetization, long-money creation, budget and tax stimuli. It is important that the instruments, which will be used, should be based on domestic mechanisms. This will strengthen financial basis of the economy and may encourage economic growth. Some specific suggestions as to their use are made.

DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented  3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

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