scholarly journals Last Mile

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Kristin Funk
Keyword(s):  
Care Delivery ◽  
Broadband Access ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Health Justice ◽  
The Impact

This critical review of literature evaluates the impact of COVID-19 on health and mental health care delivery in rural Indiana, specifically the move to increased telehealth services. Telehealth has been a mostly positive experience for patients and providers. However, many Indiana residents are without the option of telehealth due to underdeveloped infrastructure that is necessary to support broadband access. This disparity is evidence of a larger social and health justice issue and illuminates a call to action for social workers on all levels to collaborate with community members, government agencies, and local programs to push the issue towards the public health arena and to promote broadband access as a human right.

scholarly journals Can the Health-Care System Meet the Challenge of Pandemic Flu? Planning, Ethical, and Workforce Considerations

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Levin ◽  
Eric N. Gebbie ◽  
Kristine Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Delivery Systems ◽  
The Impact

The federal pandemic influenza plan predicts that 30% of the population could be infected. The impact of this pandemic would quickly overwhelm the public health and health-care delivery systems in the U.S. and throughout the world. Surge capacity for staffing, availability of drugs and supplies, and alternate means to provide care must be included in detailed plans that are tested and drilled ahead of time. Accurate information on the disease must be made available to health-care staff and the public to reduce fear. Spokespersons must provide clear, consistent messages about the disease, including actions to be taken to contain its spread and treat the afflicted. Home care will be especially important, as hospitals will be quickly overwhelmed. Staff must be prepared ahead of time to assure their ability and willingness to report to work, and public health must plan ahead to adequately confront ethical issues that will arise concerning the availability of treatment resources. The entire community must work together to meet the challenges posed by an epidemic. Identification and resolution of these challenges and issues are essential to achieve adequate public health preparedness.

scholarly journals PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS COVID-19 IN AFGHANISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Sayeed Naqibullah Orfan ◽  
Abdul Hamid Elmyar
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 has tremendously affected the world including Afghanistan since its outbreak.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the public knowledge about COVID-19 in Afghanistan as well as practices used to prevent contracting the disease. It also studied the attitudes of the public towards the COVID-19 survivors, and the impact of the participants’ gender, place of residence and marital status on their responses.Method: The data were collected from 1472 individuals through an online survey questionnaire. SPSS version 24.0 was used to analyze the data.Results: The findings showed that the public were very knowledgeable about COVID-19. They used various practices to varying extent to prevent contracting COVID-19 and its spread. Moreover, the participants’ attitudes towards the COVID-19 survivors varied. They had negative attitudes towards them if close contact was concerned, but their attitudes were positive towards them if close contact was not involved, e.g., educating community members about the disease. Gender and place of residence had a significant impact on the participants’ knowledge and practices, but they did not affect their attitudes towards the survivors. Furthermore, marital status significantly affected the participants’ practices, but it did not have any impact on their knowledge and attitudes towards the survivors.

scholarly journals The Impact of E-Commerce-Related Last-Mile Logistics on Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6492
Author(s):  
Marta Viu-Roig ◽  
Eduard J. Alvarez-Palau
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
European Science ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Impact

E-commerce-related last-mile logistics have a great impact on cities. Recent years have seen sustained growth in e-commerce in most developed countries, a trend that has only been reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The perceived impact of this phenomenon varies depending upon the perspective of the players involved: individual members of the public, companies, or the public administrations. Tackling the issue from these perspectives, the goal of this article is to explore the kinds of impact this phenomenon has and will have. We use as the basis for their classification the so-called triple bottom line (TBL) of sustainability, encompassing people, planet, and profit; we complement this with the impact classification used by the European Science Foundation’s impact assessment working group. After performing a systematic review of the literature following PRISMA guidelines, our results show that, albeit to different degrees, the four impact dimensions analyzed (economic, social, environmental, and technological) have only received incipient coverage in the existing literature. Given its ever-growing importance, we believe that greater attention needs to be paid to this phenomenon, especially with regard to those aspects having the greatest impact upon urban systems and the different stakeholders involved. Only in this way can the public policies needed to mitigate these externalities be properly implemented.

Influence of Lane Width on Bus Crashes

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812095379
Author(s):  
Boya Dai ◽  
Joan G. Hudson ◽  
Ben Ettelman ◽  
Eun Sug Park
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bus Transit ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Lane Width ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
The Impact

Motor vehicle lane width is often reduced to accommodate non-motorized transportation and increase safety for all road users—in many cases from the conventional width of 12 ft to as narrow as 9–10 ft. Although it has not been a significant issue for passenger car drivers, the narrower lanes pose concerns for bus transit operators. This study analyzed data from the Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the public transit provider in the Austin, Texas, area, to evaluate the influence of narrow travel lanes on bus crashes. It included a comprehensive review of literature, interviews with cities and transit agencies, an analysis to determine the correlation between lane width and target bus crashes (sideswipe, fixed-object, and mirror-to-mirror), and an assessment of the impact of a curb or parked car immediately adjacent to the narrow outside lane on bus crashes. The literature review and interview findings support a standard lane width of 11–12 ft for bus routes. The statistical analysis suggested that more target bus crashes were associated with narrower lane widths. A curb or parked car immediately adjacent to the outside lane was problematic regardless of whether the outside lane was less than 12 ft or not. Though narrower lane width could contribute to fewer catastrophic crashes because of the slower speeds, it increases the likelihood of certain bus crashes. Cities and transit agencies should work together to determine lane width to balance the needs of all road users.

scholarly journals «LAST MILE DELIVERIES» IN THE FRAMEWORK OF URBAN DISTRIBUTION AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: REVIEW OF BEST PRACTICES

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-64
Author(s):  
Maria Aristea Bakogianni ◽  
◽  
George Malindretos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Supply Chain Costs ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to investigate the impact of last mile supply chain practices on urban sustainability. An extensive review of literature has been conducted, on last mile logistics best practices, the impact of e-commerce on last miledeliveries, and the dynamics between the public authorities and private businesses, as well as the role of the final customers, the city dwel-lers. Local authorities being aware of the environmental impact of last mile deliveriesissue regulations and take initiatives towards improving the quality of life for their residents. On the other hand, businesses aim at reducing supply chain costs, improve efficiency and offer quality services to their customers. The review of practices lead into the development of a conceptual framework depicting a holistic perspective of last mile deliveries management, highlighting the dynamics between policy makers (public authorities) and the private sector. Keywords: Urban supply chain, Urban distribution, Urban Logistics, Last mile deliveries, Freight Transport

scholarly journals Assessing the quality of research examining change in children’s mental health in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Vaillancourt ◽  
Heather Brittain ◽  
Amanda Krygsman ◽  
Adam Davis ◽  
Ann Farrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Good Science ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Of Research

In their policy brief on the impact of COVID-19 on children and youth, the United Nations identified the need for “a rapid accumulation of data on the scale and nature of impacts among children.”1(p14) Although an important goal, this call to action defies how research typically unfolds. Science is a slow, methodical process that requires careful consideration of prior evidence, ethics, measurement, sampling, analysis, and implications, to name a few. Still, we appreciate the call to shift priorities and allocate resources to conduct research about this global event. The stakes are high and information is needed to guide us on how children and youth are faring during this unprecedented time. One problem is that sub-standard studies, often released as non-peer reviewed preprints, are being promoted on social media and in news outlets, and this attention can influence the public’s perception of risk, the credibility of scientists, and policy makers’ decisions related to funding and programming. Some scholars and medical professionals see preprints as a necessity during the pandemic to circumvent the lengthy review process and to arm professionals with the most up-to-date data.2 Others see this growing trend as facilitating the spread of misinformation because, unlike scientists who approach non-peer reviewed research with caution, popular news outlets and the public may take preprints at face value.3,4 Our goal is thus to remind readers of what constitutes good science in the field of child and youth mental health.

scholarly journals State of the Art of Automated Buses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaagup Ainsalu ◽  
Ville Arffman ◽  
Mauro Bellone ◽  
Maximilian Ellner ◽  
Taina Haapamäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact

Urban transportation in the next few decades will shift worldwide towards electrification and automation, with the final aim of increasing energy efficiency and safety for passengers. Such a big change requires strong collaboration and efforts among public administration, research and stakeholders in developing, testing and promoting these technologies in the public transportation. Working in this direction, in the present work the impact of the introduction of driverless electric minibuses, for the first and last mile transportation, in the public service is studied. More specifically, this paper covers a state of the art in terms of technological background for automation, energy efficiency via electrification, and the current state of the legal framework in Europe with focus on the Baltic Sea Region.

scholarly journals Practical Considerations for Community-Based Health Promotion Events during the COVID- 19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Vordenberg ◽  
Heidi Diez ◽  
Caitlin Ferguson ◽  
Paul C. Walker ◽  
Jolene R. Bostwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Impact

Community-based health promotion events provide student pharmacists the opportunity to give back to the local community while simultaneously applying the knowledge and skills they are learning in the classroom (Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Standards 3, 4, and 12). In turn, community members receive benefits, such as receiving a vaccination and learning their blood pressure, as well as strategies to manage their health conditions. Traditionally, both individual community members and student pharmacists receive benefit. As a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is critical to consider the impact of public health via the local community when choosing to hold or suspend these activities. It is necessary to consider whether the benefits to individual community members who choose to participate (e.g., older adult with type 2 diabetes or underserved adults with limited access to the influenza vaccine) outweigh the risks to the public due to the pandemic. If there is sufficient benefit, there are practical considerations related to regulations, recruitment of community members, involvement of students and preceptors, location, supplies, delivery of patient care services, and activities after the event.

Measuring the Impact of Knowledge Management (KM) on Performance in the Public Sector in India

2019 ◽  
pp. 438-456
Author(s):  
Himanshu Joshi ◽  
Deepak Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Public Sector Organizations ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

This chapter is aimed at understanding how KM impact organizational performance. The chapter discusses KM perspectives, specially KM in public sector organizations, its dimensions and impact on performance. A review of literature and focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted. The sample was drawn from cross-section of various industries like manufacturing, power, pharmaceutical, etc. Some personal interviews were also conducted. Based on the review of literature, FGD, and personal interviews, an instrument was designed encompassing various statements related to KM as well as performance. Since there are not many public sector enterprises in India which are formally implementing KM, a convenience sampling was used. The study employs a mixed-method approach for data collection and appropriate statistical techniques are used to meet the objectives. The study proposes a conceptual framework for understanding KM dimensions and its impact on performance improvements. At the end of the chapter, recommendations for public sector companies for enhancing organizational performance are discussed.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Scoping Review of Literature Until August 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilde de Albuquerque Veloso Machado ◽  
Bjelle Roberts ◽  
Brian Li Han Wong ◽  
Robin van Kessel ◽  
Elias Mossialos
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Optimal Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Background: Vaccines have been contributing to eradicate or drastically reduce the incidence of common diseases. Simultaneously, vaccine hesitancy is considered among the top ten global health threats. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a tremendous impact on health, economics, and society worldwide, while also reinforcing faulty beliefs about the necessity of vaccine programs as a whole. This study aims to synthesise evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccine hesitancy.Methods: A scoping review of literature between 1 January 2020 and 1 August 2021 was performed.Results: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance decreased from more than 70 to <50% in 8 months starting from January 2020. Healthcare professionals demonstrate higher rates of vaccine receptivity than the public, which was more influenced by (social) media. The circulation of misinformation was associated with increased fear of side effects related to COVID-19 vaccines. Regarding other vaccines coverage, parents' intentions to vaccinate their children against influenza increased 15.8% during the COVID-19 pandemic so far. Nonetheless, the number of vaccines administered decreased, influenced by factors like fear of being exposed to the virus at healthcare facilities and restrictions.Conclusions: Several efforts should be undertaken to improve vaccine acceptance and coverage now and beyond the pandemic to optimal population protection.

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