scholarly journals Association Between Peripheral Eosinophil Counts and Infant Lung Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Close BS ◽  
James Slaven MS ◽  
Sydney Ross MS ◽  
Kirsten Kloepfer MD MS
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Absolute Eosinophil Count ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Infant Pulmonary Function ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

  Background and Hypothesis: Some children with allergic asthma have peripheral eosinophilia early in life, suggesting that physiological changes in the lung begin during infancy. While this association has been established, studies have not examined if a link exists between eosinophilia and physiological airway measurements during the first year of life. It is hypothesized that systemic eosinophilia during the first year of life is associated with lower infant pulmonary function measurements. Experimental Design or Project Methods: A birth cohort study investigating the development of the upper airway microbiota over the first year of life was utilized for this study. Systemic absolute eosinophil counts were examined to determine if eosinophilia is associated with decreased infant pulmonary function test (iPFT)values. Blood and iPFT data were collected at 3 and 12 months. Results: 28 participants had blood samples collected. 15 samples were taken at 3 months and 13 at one year. 16 subjects were male, with a majority identifying as African American (14). The average height and weight were 68.0 cm and 8.6 kg. The median absolute eosinophil count was 0.2010^3/uL. Infant iPFT data included tidal volume, respiratory rate, expiration time, tPTEF/tE, resistance, and compliance. No significant correlations were identified between eosinophil counts and iPFT data. This held true when all time points were combined and when examining each visit separately. The strongest correlation coefficient was -0.36 between absolute eosinophil count and FEV0.5. The estimated number of samples needed to power a study examining the association between FEV0.5 and eosinophil counts is 80 samples. Conclusion and Potential Impact: Based on preliminary results, there are not enough samples to achieve significant correlations supporting the original hypothesis. The next step is to analyze more blood from current study participants. It is also planned to examine the association between the airway microbiome and eosinophilia to determine if early allergic markers in the blood may results from airway dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding, maternal asthma and wheezing in the first year of life: a longitudinal birth cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan B. Azad ◽  
Lorena Vehling ◽  
Zihang Lu ◽  
David Dai ◽  
Padmaja Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Impact

The impact of breastfeeding on respiratory health is uncertain, particularly when the mother has asthma. We examined the association of breastfeeding and wheezing in the first year of life.We studied 2773 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) birth cohort. Caregivers reported on infant feeding and wheezing episodes at 3, 6 and 12 months. Breastfeeding was classified as exclusive, partial (supplemented with formula or complementary foods) or none.Overall, 21% of mothers had asthma, 46% breastfed for at least 12 months and 21% of infants experienced wheezing. Among mothers with asthma, breastfeeding was inversely associated with infant wheezing, independent of maternal smoking, education and other risk factors (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 0.52; 95% CI 0.35–0.77 for ≥12 versus <6 months breastfeeding). Compared with no breastfeeding at 6 months, wheezing was reduced by 62% with exclusive breastfeeding (aRR 0.38; 95% CI 0.20–0.71) and by 37% with partial breastfeeding supplemented with complementary foods (aRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.43–0.93); however, breastfeeding was not significantly protective when supplemented with formula (aRR 0.89; 95% CI 0.61–1.30). Associations were not significant in the absence of maternal asthma (p-value for interaction <0.01).Breastfeeding appears to confer protection against wheezing in a dose-dependent manner among infants born to mothers with asthma.

scholarly journals Anthropometry at birth and at age of routine vaccination to predict mortality in the first year of life: A birth cohort study in BukinaFaso

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0213523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Mwangome ◽  
Moses Ngari ◽  
Paluku Bwahere ◽  
Patrick Kabore ◽  
Marie McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Routine Vaccination ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and Infant Eczema in the First Year of Life in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study: A Risk Period-Specific Analysis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. e137-e141 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. P. Snijders ◽  
C. Thijs ◽  
I. Kummeling ◽  
J. Penders ◽  
P. A. van den Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Infant Eczema

scholarly journals Acid-suppressive medications in the first year of life and risk of childhood asthma: a population-based birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2000197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbiellini Amidei ◽  
Rosanna Comoretto ◽  
Loris Zanier ◽  
Daniele Donà ◽  
Anna Cantarutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in Europe (RESCEU) Birth Cohort Study: Defining the Burden of Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (Supplement_7) ◽  
pp. S606-S612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne G Wildenbeest ◽  
Roy P Zuurbier ◽  
Koos Korsten ◽  
Marlies A van Houten ◽  
Marie N Billard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in infants worldwide. Although prematurity and cardiopulmonary disease are risk factors for severe disease, the majority of infants hospitalized with RSV are previously healthy. Various vaccines and therapeutics are under development and expected to be available in the near future. To inform the use of these new vaccines and therapeutics, it is necessary to determine the burden of RSV disease in Europe. We will prospectively follow-up a birth cohort to obtain incidence data on RSV acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). Methods Multicenter prospective study of a birth cohort consisting of 10 000 healthy infants, recruited during 3 consecutive years. RSV associated hospitalization in the first year of life will be determined by questionnaires and hospital chart reviews. A nested cohort of 1000 infants will be actively followed. In case of ARTI, a respiratory sample will be collected for RSV molecular diagnosis. Results The primary outcome is the incidence rate of RSV-associated hospitalization in the first year of life. In the active cohort the primary outcome is RSV associated ARTI and MA-ARTI. Conclusions We will provide key information to fill the gaps in knowledge about the burden of RSV disease in healthy infants. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03627572.

Vitamin D supplementation during the first year of life and risk of schizophrenia: a Finnish birth cohort study

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McGrath ◽  
Kaisa Saari ◽  
Helinä Hakko ◽  
Jari Jokelainen ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

Tracheotomy in the Preschool Population: Indications and Outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley C. French ◽  
Christopher T. Wootten ◽  
Robert G. Thomas ◽  
Wallace W. Neblett ◽  
Jay A. Werkhaven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
First Year ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
First Year Of Life

OBJECTIVE: Although more tracheotomy procedures are performed within the first year of life than in any other age group, preschool-aged children requiring tracheotomy remain understudied. We characterize the indications and outcomes for patients between the ages of 3 and 6 years undergoing tracheotomy. METHODS: Out of 480 pediatric tracheotomy procedures performed at a tertiary-care hospital between 1988 and 2004, 15 patients underwent primary tracheotomy between 3 and 6 years of age. RESULTS: Most (60%) procedures were performed for pulmonary toilet. Upper-airway obstruction represented the second most common indication (40%), and trauma necessitated tracheotomy procedures more often than had been predicted (40%). The decannulation rate was 40%; 2 patients died. CONCLUSION: Trauma contributed to both upper-airway obstruction as well as requirements for pulmonary toilet. These procedures performed secondary to trauma will likely continue to increase. SIGNIFICANCE: Tracheotomy procedures in the preschool population remain uncommon; however, nearly half of those studied were performed as a direct result of otherwise preventable trauma.

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