scholarly journals Death Rates from Unintentional and Undetermined Prescription Opioid Overdoses and Dispensing Rates of Controlled Prescription Opioid Analgesics – 2011-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Scott K. Proescholdbell ◽  
Mary E. Cox ◽  
Alex Asbun
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

National estimates of substance use, substance use disorders, and treatment among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7042-7042
Author(s):  
Xu Ji ◽  
Janet Cummings ◽  
Ann C. Mertens ◽  
Hefei Wen ◽  
Karen Elizabeth Effinger
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

7042 Background: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of cancer are at an elevated risk of early-life morbidity and mortality due to the disease trajectory and treatment. Engagement in risk behaviors, including substance use, can exacerbate survivors’ vulnerabilities and place them at further risk for adverse health outcomes. This study provides national estimates of the prevalence of substance use and misuse, substance abuse or dependence (i.e., substance use disorders [SUD]), and receipt of treatment for SUD among AYA cancer survivors. Methods: We used 2015-2018 National Survey of Drug Use and Health data to identify a nationally-representative AYA sample (aged 12-34 years). Outcomes included past-year alcohol use, marijuana use, other illicit drug use, misuse of any prescription psychotherapeutic drugs (including opioid analgesics, stimulants, sedatives, or tranquilizers), and misuse of prescription opioid analgesics. Outcomes also assessed past-year SUD in aforementioned drug classes. Among those with SUD, we evaluated past-year receipt of SUD treatment. Multiple logistic regressions were estimated to compare outcomes between 846 AYAs who reported a cancer history and 142,870 AYAs who did not, adjusting for sociodemographic and need-related characteristics. Results: In bivariate analyses, AYAs with a cancer history were more likely than noncancer peers to use alcohol (78.6% vs. 63.4%; p< 0.001) and illicit drugs other than marijuana (11.2% vs. 7.8%; p= 0.02), misuse any prescription psychotherapeutic drugs (16.9% vs. 10.6%; p< 0.001) and prescription opioid analgesics (12.0% vs. 5.9%; p< 0.001), and have an illicit drug (other than marijuana) SUD (3.7% vs. 1.3%; p< 0.01) in the past year. In regression analyses, differences in past-year misuse of any prescription psychotherapeutic drug and prescription opioid analgesics persisted ( p= 0.02, p< 0.01, respectively). Among AYAs with SUD, those with a cancer history were more likely than noncancer peers to receive SUD treatment (21.0% vs. 8.1%; p= 0.01) in the past year; this difference persisted in regression analyses ( p= 0.03). Conclusions: AYAs with a cancer history had an elevated risk for misusing prescription psychotherapeutic medications, which was driven by misuse of prescription opioids; yet, only one in five AYAs with a cancer history and SUD received treatment. Our findings underscore the need for future interventions designed to reduce substance use and misuse and improve access to SUD treatment in AYA cancer survivors.

Validity of Self-Reported Misuse of Prescription Opioid Analgesics

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1509-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Smith ◽  
Andrew Rosenblum ◽  
Mark Parrino ◽  
Chunki Fong ◽  
Salvatore Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

scholarly journals Use and Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioid Analgesics in the General Population of Canada and Correlations with Dispensing Levels in 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D Shield ◽  
Wayne Jones ◽  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
Benedikt Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

BACKGROUND: In Canada, harm from nonmedical prescription opioid analgesic (POA) use (NMPOU) has increased in recent years; however, there are limitations to the current estimates of NMPOU. The 2009 Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey presents an opportunity to produce more accurate estimates of NMPOU.OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of POA use, NMPOU and use of pain relievers to ‘get high’, and to assess correlations of these indicators with age, sex and provincial levels of dispensed POAs in Canada in 2009.METHODS: Data regarding POA use were obtained from the 2009 Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey (n=13,032). The amount of POAs dispensed in standardized daily doses was obtained from a representative sample of 2700 retail pharmacies across Canada. Associations among POA use, age, sex and the amount of POAs dispensed were evaluated using regression models. Differences in POA use across provinces were assessed using the Wald test.RESULTS: In Canada in 2009, the prevalence of POA use was 19.2% (95% CI 18.0% to 20.5%), NMPOU was 4.8% (95% CI 4.1% to 5.5%) and the use of pain relievers to get high was 0.4% (95% CI 0.1% to 0.8%). NMPOU was significantly associated with age. The use of pain relievers to get high varied significantly across provinces, while POA use and NMPOU did not show significant variations. The amount of POAs dispensed per province was not significantly correlated with any type of POA use.CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm high POA use and NMPOU across Canada. Research is required to identify determinants of NMPOU.

scholarly journals Abuse-deterrent formulations of prescription opioid analgesics in the management of chronic noncancer pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin E Hale ◽  
Derek Moe ◽  
Mary Bond ◽  
Maciej Gasior ◽  
Richard Malamut
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Chronic Noncancer Pain ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Noncancer Pain

scholarly journals Exposure to prescription opioid analgesics in utero and risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome: population based cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 350 (may14 1) ◽  
pp. h2102-h2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Desai ◽  
K. F. Huybrechts ◽  
S. Hernandez-Diaz ◽  
H. Mogun ◽  
E. Patorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

Increasing the benefits and reducing the harms of prescription opioid analgesics

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD HALLINAN ◽  
MARY OSBORN ◽  
MILTON COHEN ◽  
MALCOLM DOBBIN ◽  
ALEX WODAK
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

Opioids with abuse-deterrent properties: A regulatory and technological overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Haddox, DDS, MD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioids ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Fda Guidance ◽  
Federal Food ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics

Three concurrent public health problems coexist in the United States: endemic nonmedical use/misuse of opioid analgesics, epidemic overdose fatalities involving opioid analgesics, and endemic chronic pain in adults. These intertwined issues comprise an opioid crisis that has spurred the development of formulations of opioids with abuse-deterrent properties and label claims (OADP). To reduce abuse and misuse of prescription opioids, the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a formal Guidance to drug developers that delineates four categories of testing to generate data sufficient for a description of a product's abuse-deterrent properties, along with associated claims, in its Full Prescribing Information (FPI). This article reviews the epidemiology of the crisis as background for the development of OADP, summarizes the FDA Guidance for Industry regarding abuse-deterrent technologies, and provides an overview of some technologies that are currently employed or are under study for incorporation into OADP. Such technologies include physical and chemical barriers to abuse, combined formulations of opioid agonists and antagonists, inclusion of aversive agents, use of delivery systems that deter abuse, development of new molecular entities and prodrugs, and formulation of products that include some combination of these approaches. Opioids employing these novel technologies are one part of a comprehensive intervention strategy that can deter abuse of prescription opioid analgesics without creating barriers to the safe use of prescription opioids. The maximal public health contribution of OADP will probably occur only when all opioids have FDA-recognized abuse-deterrent properties and label claims.

scholarly journals Prescription Opioid Analgesics Commonly Unused After Surgery

JAMA Surgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (11) ◽  
pp. 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Bicket ◽  
Jane J. Long ◽  
Peter J. Pronovost ◽  
G. Caleb Alexander ◽  
Christopher L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Opioid Analgesics
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