Reasons for Supporting or Opposing a Reduced Nicotine Product Standard

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Jessica K. Pepper ◽  
Linda B. Squiers ◽  
Carla M. Bann ◽  
Michaela C. Coglaiti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
New Product ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Us ◽  
Campaign Messages ◽  
Product Standard

Objectives: In 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a potential new product standard lowering nicotine in cigarettes to minimally or non-addictive levels. Understanding why the public supports or opposes this standard could inform messaging efforts. Methods: We collected online survey data in 2017 from 2508 respondents. We coded and analyzed the open-ended text responses describing reasons for support or opposition among those who strongly agreed (39.9% of sample) and strongly disagreed (11.4%) with the proposed nicotine standard. Results: The most common reasons for opposition were viewing the new standard as a threat to personal freedom and believing that it would lead themselves or others to smoke more. The most common reasons for support were believing the standard would help themselves or others quit smoking and recognizing the harms of smoking and nicotine. Some responses reflected inaccurate understanding of nicotine's effects, and some themes (eg, believing the standard could prevent addiction) were more common among smokers than nonsmokers. Conclusions: Findings could inform public health campaign messages from the FDA and other agencies by building on existing reasons for support (eg, would help with cessation) and counteracting inaccurate beliefs (eg, would make people smoke more).

scholarly journals Was the First Public Health Campaign Successful?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mark Anderson ◽  
Kerwin Kofi Charles ◽  
Claudio Las Heras Olivares ◽  
Daniel I. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
The Us ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Municipal Level

The US tuberculosis (TB) movement pioneered many of the strategies of modern public health campaigns. Using newly transcribed mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900–1917, we explore the effectiveness of public health measures championed by the TB movement, including the establishment of sanatoriums and open-air camps, prohibitions on public spitting and common cups, and requirements that local health officials be notified about TB cases. Our results suggest that these and other anti-TB measures can explain, at most, only a small portion of the overall decline in pulmonary TB mortality observed during the period under study. (JEL H51, I12, I18, N31, N32)

scholarly journals Restorative Narrative of Covid-19 Patients as Health Campaign Message: A Content Analysis of Youtube Videos

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Pinandito Dhirotsaha Pramana ◽  
Prahastiwi Utari ◽  
Albert Muhammad Isrun Naini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

This study discussed the restorative narrative message of the first-three recovered Covid-19 patients as well as the resulted public response related to the public health campaign about the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The context of this research was the benefits of policy-making by the Indonesian government on the introduction of the first-three patients of Covid-19 to the public through a press conference. The research was conducted with qualitative and quantitative content analysis method. Qualitative analysis was to analyze restorative narrative messages carried out on the stories of the three patients on two YouTube videos taken from the accounts @tvOneNews and @CNNIndonesia. The narrative elaboration was explained according to the narrative functions delivered by Sharf & Vanderford and Sharf, Harter, Yamasaki & Haidet. Quantitative analysis was then carried out to find out the ten most common phrases of 7,381 comments on the sample videos to know the public response on restorative messages. The results of the narrative analysis showed that the stories told by three cured Covid-19 patients have meet the restorative narrative criteria and produced positive emotional responses from the public, so that the restorative narrative could be useful for public health campaigns.

scholarly journals The Effect of Religious Conflicts in Northern Nigeria on Public Health Outcomes: A Case Study of Cholera Outbreak

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (30) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Adamu Nuhu ◽  
Kabir M. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
The North

Violent conflicts, in most cases, pose an unquantifiable challenge to human health and health systems especially in developing countries. Complex humanitarian emergencies as a result of conflicts could severely have negative consequences on public health. Nigeria has faced series of threatening security challenges, but the one caused by the activities of the socalled Islamist sect, the Boko Haram (BH), remains protracted, especially in Borno, a State in the north-eastern part of the country. The resultant outcome is the internally displaced persons (IDPs) who have suffered from many diseases especially cholera, which has continued to ravage these displaced populations. Conflict can contribute to water shortage through the destruction of water sources, such as wells, reservoirs and laid pipes, and its contamination. This is happening on an already weak health system. Though cholera is easily treatable, concerted efforts by government and medical humanitarian agencies are urgently required to ameliorate the situation of the IDPs. An appropriate strategy of control of the transmission of cholera and emergency medical intervention can help alleviate the devastating effects. The management of cholera transmission include the supply of sufficient water sources, adequate sanitation, and a public health campaign to maximize the effects of these measures. One key health system challenge that could limit the effectiveness of the interventions would be the people. This paper focuses on studying the resultant large numbers of IDPs from the BH conflict, discussing cholera outbreak as a specific health issue, and presenting a focused humanitarian intervention to address this health need.

Revealing public opinion towards COVID-19 vaccines with Twitter data in the United States: a spatiotemporal perspective (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Siqin Wang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Mengxi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Spatiotemporal Trends ◽  
The Us ◽  
Key Events

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a large, initially uncontrollable, public health crisis both in the US and across the world, with experts looking to vaccines as the ultimate mechanism of defense. The development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines have been rapidly advancing via global efforts. Hence, it is crucial for governments, public health officials, and policy makers to understand public attitudes and opinions towards vaccines, such that effective interventions and educational campaigns can be designed to promote vaccine acceptance OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate public opinion and perception on COVID-19 vaccines by investigating the spatiotemporal trends of their sentiment and emotion towards vaccines, as well as how such trends relate to popular topics on Twitter in the US METHODS We collected over 300,000 geotagged tweets in the US from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021. We examined the spatiotemporal patterns of public sentiment and emotion over time at both national and state scales and identified three phases along the pandemic timeline with the significant changes of public sentiment and emotion, further linking to eleven key events and major topics as the potential drivers to induce such changes via cloud mapping of keywords and topic modelling RESULTS An increasing trend of positive sentiment in parallel with the decrease of negative sentiment are generally observed in most states, reflecting the rising confidence and anticipation of the public towards vaccines. The overall tendency of the eight types of emotion implies the trustiness and anticipation of the public to vaccination, accompanied by the mixture of fear, sadness and anger. Critical social/international events and/or the announcements of political leaders and authorities may have potential impacts on the public opinion on vaccines. These factors, along with important topics and manual reading of popular posts on eleven key events, help identify underlying themes and validate insights from the analysis CONCLUSIONS The analyses of near real-time social media big data benefit public health authorities by enabling them to monitor public attitudes and opinions towards vaccine-related information in a geo-aware manner, address the concerns of vaccine skeptics and promote the confidence of individuals within a certain region or community, towards vaccines

Epidemiological Forecasting: A Crystal Ball for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saketh Sundar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Crystal Ball ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Media

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, headlines ranging from “Coronavirus forecasts are grim: It’s going to get worse” to “Covid-19 cases and deaths in the US will fall over the next four weeks, forecast predicts” have dominated the news (Achenbach, 2020; Kallingal, 2021). The weekly-published Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) COVID-19 forecasts have become the go-to forecasts for the media, the public, and various levels of government (Cramer et al., 2021). These projections, generated from epidemiological forecasting, not only inform the public’s caution towards the pandemic but are also crucial for officials to create public health guidelines and allocate resources in hospitals (Gibson et al., 2020). But where do these predictions come from?

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