An Analysis of the Attitudes, Beliefs, and Perceptions that Impact the Selection of Interscholastic Athletic Funding Methods Amongst High School Athletic Departments in the Northeast United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Trevor Baltz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Northeast United States ◽  
High School Athletic ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals The Association of COVID-19 Incidence with Sport and Face Mask Use in United States High School Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Watson ◽  
Kristin Haraldsdottir ◽  
Kevin Biese ◽  
Leslie Goodavish ◽  
Bethany Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Athletic Directors ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
High School Athletic ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Indoor Sports

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate the influence of sport characteristics and face mask use on COVID-19 incidence among high school athletes.MethodsSurveys were distributed to high school athletic directors throughout the United States regarding sport re-initiation, COVID-19 cases, and risk reduction procedures in fall 2020.Separate mixed effects Poisson regression models were developed to evaluate the associations between reported COVID-19 incidence and 1) sport characteristics (contact/non-contact, individual/team, indoor/outdoor) and 2) face mask use while playing (yes/no).Results991 schools had restarted fall sports, representing 152,484 athletes on 5,854 teams. 2,565 cases of COVID-19 were reported, representing a case rate of 1,682 cases per 100,000 athletes and an incidence rate of 24.6 cases per 100,000 player-days. COVID-19 incidence was lower among outdoor versus indoor sports (incidence rate ratio [IRR]=0.54, 95% CI=0.49-0.60, p<0.001) and non-contact versus contact sports (IRR=0.78 [0.70-0.87], p<0.001), but not team versus individual sports (IRR=0.96 [0.84-1.1], p=0.49). Face mask use was associated with a decreased incidence in girls’ volleyball (IRR=0.53 [0.37-0.73], p<0.001), boys’ basketball (IRR=0.53 [0.33-0.83], p=0.008) and girls’ basketball (IRR=0.36 [0.19-0.63], p<0.001), and approached statistical significance in football (IRR=0.79 [0.59-1.04], p=0.10) and cheer/dance (IRR=0.75 [0.53-1.03], p=0.081).ConclusionsIn this nationwide survey of US high school athletic directors representing 152,484 athletes, lower COVID-19 incidence was independently associated with participation in outdoor versus indoor and non-contact versus contact sports, but not team versus individual sports. Face mask use was associated with decreased COVID-19 incidence among indoor sports, and may be protective among outdoor sports with prolonged close contact between participants.

scholarly journals Brand management in top-tier college athletics: examining and explaining mark-usage policies

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Kellison ◽  
Jordan R. Bass ◽  
Brent D. Oja ◽  
Jeffrey D. James
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Big Ten ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Atlantic Coast Conference ◽  
Brand Dilution ◽  
High School Athletic

Purpose – The practice of an interscholastic athletic department reproducing the logo of a collegiate team for its own use is becoming increasingly visible. In response to this growth, many collegiate licensing departments have begun actively enforcing zero-tolerance policies that prohibit third parties from using their respective colleges’ trademarks. Conversely, other institutions have exercised discretion by allowing high school programs to use their athletic departments’ logos only after receiving assurances from the high school that it will adhere to strict usage guidelines. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a thorough discussion on the concept of brand dilution and its application to sport. More specifically the study gives an account of the strategies employed by trademark specialists to protect (and in some cases, enhance) the equity of their brands. To identify these strategies, a qualitative questionnaire was employed, which was completed by 13 brand managers representing institutions from the Atlantic Coast Conference, Big 12 Conference, Big Ten Conference, Mid-American Conference, Missouri Valley Conference, Pac-12 Conference, and the Southeastern Conference. Findings – Qualitative questionnaire responses from collegiate brand managers suggest that licensing departments differ in their perceptions of the outcomes associated with allowing logo replication in high school athletic departments. Originality/value – Perceived consequences of two enforcement strategies – prohibitive and cooperative – are highlighted, as are implications and directions for future research.

An examination of AED implementation and related risk management practices in high school athletic departments

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Connaughton ◽  
J.O. Spengler ◽  
James J. Zhang ◽  
Michael S. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
High School Athletic

Safe Spaces: Gay-Straight Alliances in High School

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Fetner ◽  
Athena Elafros ◽  
Sandra Bortolin ◽  
Coralee Drechsler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Safe Space ◽  
Safe Spaces ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
The People

In activists' circles as in sociology, the concept "safe space" has beenapplied to all sorts of programs, organizations, and practices. However,few studies have specified clearly what safe spaces are and how theysupport the people who occupy them. In this paper, we examine one sociallocation typically understood to be a safe space: gay-straight alliancegroups in high schools. Using qualitative interviews with young adults inthe United States and Canada who have participated in gay-straightalliances, we examine the experiences of safe spaces in these groups. Weunpack this complex concept to consider some of the dimensions along whichsafe spaces might vary. Participants identified several types of safespace, and from their observations we derive three inter-related dimensionsof safe space: social context, membership and activity.

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