Segmentation of the Eastern Reelfoot Rift Margin: Reinterpretation of the Northeastern Reelfoot Rift Fault Geometry and Seismic Potential

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Marlow ◽  
Randel Cox ◽  
Christine Powell
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Horizontal Gradient ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Magnetic Signature ◽  
Magnetic Gradients ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City ◽  
Fault Length

Abstract The eastern Reelfoot rift margin (ERRM) poses a significant seismic hazard to the city of Memphis, Tennessee, and may be capable of generating moment magnitude 7 earthquakes. The goal of this study is to refine the fault structure and geometry of the ERRM, to improve understanding of the associated seismic hazard. We apply multiple filters (e.g., reduction-to-pole and horizontal-gradient) to aeromagnetic intensity data, to visualize the magnetic signature of ERRM basement rocks. To remove ambiguity in our fault interpretations from the magnetic data, we restrict our interpretations to magnetic gradients that correspond to geologic and geophysical evidence of faulting and rank faults on a confidence scheme. From near Covington, Tennessee, to Dyersburg, Tennessee, we interpret the ERRM to be segmented into nine intersecting faults that trend northeast, north-northeast, and north-northwest (two high confidence, four intermediate confidence, and three low confidence). We calculate the moment magnitude potential of each fault based on the estimated fault length. The minimum moment magnitude potential is 6.0, and the maximum is 7.0.

Aeromagnetic Interpretations of the Crittenden County Fault Zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 494-507
Author(s):  
Christopher Marlow ◽  
Christine Powell ◽  
Randel Cox
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Horizontal Gradient ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Basement Faults ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

Abstract The Crittenden County fault zone (CCFZ) is a potentially active fault zone located within 25 km of Memphis, Tennessee, and poses a significant seismic hazard to the region. Previous research has associated the fault zone with basement faults of the eastern Reelfoot rift margin (ERRM) and described it as a northeast-striking, northwest-dipping reverse fault. However, we suggest that there is an incomplete understanding of the fault geometry of the CCFZ and the ERRM in this region due to significant gaps in seismic reflection profiles used to interpret the fault systems. To improve our understanding of the structure of both fault systems in this region, we apply two processing techniques to gridded aeromagnetic data. We use the horizontal gradient method on reduction-to-pole magnetic data to detect magnetic contacts associated with faults as this technique produces shaper gradients at magnetic contacts than other edge detection methods. For depth to basement estimations, we use the analytic signal as the method does not require knowledge of the remnant magnetization of the source body. We suggest that the CCFZ extends approximately 16 km farther to the southwest than previously mapped and may be composed of three independent faults as opposed to a continuous structure. To the northeast, we interpreted two possible faults associated with the ERRM that intersect the CCFZ, one of which has been previously mapped as the Meeman–Shelby fault. If the CCFZ and the eastern rift margin are composed of isolated fault segments, the maximum magnitude earthquake that each fault segment may generate is reduced, thereby, lowering the existing seismic hazard both fault systems pose to Memphis, Tennessee.

scholarly journals Basement Classification through Enhanced Magnetic Data Reductions in parts of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Adedibu Akingboye ◽  
Abimbola Ogunyele
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Gain Control ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Analytic Signal ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Horizontal Gradient ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Low Amplitude ◽  
Data Reductions

Enhanced magnetic data reductions via the use of various forms of filters were employed for basement classification in parts of Ekiti State. The data reductions and enhancement involve: reduction to equator (RTE), regional and residual, automatic gain control (AGC), downward continuation, upward continuations (1, 2, and 3 km), analytic signal (AS) and horizontal gradient (HG) to map and delineate basement rocks and structures, while surface relief and spectral plot were used to determine depth to top of magnetic sources. The images revealed that the study area is characterized by different lithologies. The rocks evinced lineaments and faults trending NE-SW (G–G’, H–H’, J–J’, K–K’), NNE-SSW, E-W (minor) and approximately N-S, while the dykes are in NW-SE, NNW-SSW directions. The analytic signal (AS) and horizontal gradient (HG) revealed high amplitude reversed Z-like shape as migmatite rocks, differentiating them from the two flanks with low amplitude signals as schist and quartzite schist of Ijero and Aramoko and the granitic intrusive within these migmatised rocks around Ijan, Gbonyin and Ise/Otun. The shaded relief and the spectral plot showed that the total depth to top of magnetic sources ranged from 20m to 1.8km for shallower and deeper sources respectively.

scholarly journals GLOBAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SEISMIC FAULT PARAMETERS AND MOMENT MAGNITUDE OF EARTHQUAKES

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Papazachos ◽  
E. M. Scordilis ◽  
D. G. Panagiotopoulos ◽  
C. B. Papazachos ◽  
G. F. Karakaisis
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Moment ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Fault Slip ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Seismic Fault ◽  
Fault Parameters ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Fault Length ◽  
Global Relations

The most reliable of the globally available relative data have been used to derive empirical formulas which relate the subsurface fault length, L, the fault area, S, and fault width, w, with the moment magnitude, M. Separate such formulas have been derived for earthquakes generated by strike-slip faulting, by dip-slip faulting in continental regions and by dip-slip faulting in lithospheric subduction regions. The formula which relates the fault area with the magnitude is combined with the definition formulas of seismic moment and moment magnitude to derive also relations between the fault slip, u, and the moment magnitude for each of the three seismotectonic regimes. For a certain magnitude, the fault length is larger for strike-slip faults than for dip-slip faults, while the fault width is small for strike-slip faults, larger for dip-slip faults in continental regions and much larger for dip-slip faults in regions of lithospheric subduction. For a certain magnitude, fault slip is about the same for strike-slip faults and dip-slip faults in continental regions and smaller for dip-slip faults in regions of lithospheric subduction.

L’absence chez Michel Butor. L’Emploi du temps et Degrés

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Michał Mrozowicki
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Michel Butor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Narrative Mode ◽  
The City

Michel Butor, born in 1926, one of the leaders of the French New Novel movement, has written only four novels between 1954 and 1960. The most famous of them is La Modification (Second thoughts), published in 1957. The author of the paper analyzes two other Butor’s novels: L’Emploi du temps (Passing time) – 1956, and Degrés (Degrees) – 1960. The theme of absence is crucial in both of them. In the former, the novel, presented as the diary of Jacques Revel, a young Frenchman spending a year in Bleston (a fictitious English city vaguely similar to Manchester), describes the narrator’s struggle to survive in a double – spatial and temporal – labyrinth. The first of them, formed by Bleston’s streets, squares and parks, is symbolized by the City plan. During his one year sojourn in the city, using its plan, Revel learns patiently how to move in its different districts, and in its strange labyrinth – strange because devoid any centre – that at the end stops annoying him. The other, the temporal one, symbolized by the diary itself, the labyrinth of the human memory, discovered by the narrator rather lately, somewhere in the middle of the year passed in Bleston, becomes, by contrast, more and more dense and complex, which is reflected by an increasinly complex narration used to describe the past. However, at the moment Revel is leaving the city, he is still unable to recall and to describe the events of the 29th of February 1952. This gap, this absence, symbolizes his defeat as the narrator, and, in the same time, the human memory’s limits. In Degrees temporal and spatial structures are also very important. This time round, however, the problems of the narration itself, become predominant. Considered from this point of view, the novel announces Gerard Genette’s work Narrative Discourse and his theoretical discussion of two narratological categories: narrative voice and narrative mode. Having transgressed his narrative competences, Pierre Vernier, the narrator of the first and the second parts of the novel, who, taking as a starting point, a complete account of one hour at school, tries to describe the whole world and various aspects of the human civilization for the benefit of his nephew, Pierre Eller, must fail and disappear, as the narrator, from the third part, which is narrated by another narrator, less audacious and more credible.

scholarly journals Multi-level Governance in Refugee Housing and Integration Policy: a Model of Best Practice in Leverkusen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Auslender
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
German Government ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Integration Management ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

AbstractThis paper will explore a model of best practice, the Leverkusen Model, as well as its impact on both the city and the refugees it serves by utilising key stakeholder interviews, civil servants, non-profits, and Syrian refugees living in Leverkusen. The core argument to be presented here is that the dynamic fluidity of the Leverkusen Model, where three bodies (government, Caritas, and the Refugee Council) collaborate to manage the governance responsibilities, allows for more expedited refugee integration into society. This paper utilises an analytical model of multi-level governance to demonstrate its functional processes and show why it can be considered a model of best practice. Started in 2002, the Leverkusen Model of refugee housing has not only saved the city thousands of euros per year in costs associated with refugee housing, but has aided in the cultivation of a very direct, fluid connection between government, civil society, and the refugees themselves. Leverkusen employs a different and novel governance structure of housing for refugees: with direct consultations with Caritas, the largest non-profit in Germany, as well as others, refugees who arrive in Leverkusen are allowed to search for private, decentralised housing from the moment they arrive, regardless of protection status granted by the German government. This paper fills a gap in the existing literature by addressing the adaptation of multi-level governance and collaborative governance in local refugee housing and integration management.

Translating Shanghai

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City ◽  
Multiple Translations

This essay problematizes the translation of one city as another: Shanghai for instance as ‘New York’ or ‘Paris.’ Such tropes have long been popular in literature and journalism. By viewing the issue through the lens of translation, the essay proposes to question the equivalence between cities that such statements presume. Behind the presumption of equivalence are political, cultural, and social ‘Untranslatables’ that emerge at the moment of translation. The paper focuses also on issues of intersemiotic translation that arise in the multimedia book, Disappearing Shanghai. The essay discusses how multiple translations of Shanghai co-operate with, conflict with and defy one another, leading to a constantly changing perspective on the city.

scholarly journals Fiduciary Agreement Implementation in Car Credit Agreement on Financing Institutions of Mandiri Finance of Cirebon Based on Act No. 42 of 199 About Fiduciary

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Ardiansyah Alrawi ◽  
Gunarto Gunarto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Legal Effect ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Credit Agreement ◽  
The City

The emergence of various institutions today's economy helped spur the economy of the community. But unfortunately the growth of the economic institutions are not supported by an adequate legal development. The presence of various financial institutions helped bring a major role in economic development of society, especially the poor. These financial institutions emerged as a form of providing funds or capital goods for the public to purchase goods on payment in installments or periodically by consumers. Construction consumer finance based on an agreement with the principle of freedom of contract as legal bases for both parties. In practice financing undertaken by financial institutions poured in the form of a credit agreement. In each of providing credit to their customers finance institutions always face a risk, therefore the customer's business situation and developments to be followed continuously starts the moment the credit is given to the loan. As for giving legal protection to the parties in the process of providing collateral (guarantee), then one of them is with the enactment of Law Fiduciary. Implementation of lending followed by a fiduciary assurance processes at financial institutions in the city of Cirebon most important is the legal effect if the Borrower defaults which are expected to creditors (financial institutions) can be easily exercised fiduciary object. Constraints faced in a fiduciary guarantee is as follows: a. Any cost of making a deed by the Borrower felt heavy, incomplete b. Any requirements of the Borrower to elaborate on the type, brand and quality of the fiduciary object, c. The office registration still limited fiduciary, fiduciary registration e. The office could not provide information on everything about the guarantee with the issuance.Keywords: Financing Institution, Credit Agreements, Fiduciary.

scholarly journals Estimating Effectiveness of Some Methods for Detecting Edge of Potential Field Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thanh Luan ◽  
Le Thi Sang ◽  
Vu Duc Minh ◽  
Ngo Thi To Nhu ◽  
Do Duc Thanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Anomaly ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Analytic Signal ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Horizontal Gradient ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
Gradient Amplitude

This paper presents a comparative study of effectiveness of edge detection methods such as total horizontal gradient, analytic signal amplitude, tilt angle, gradient amplitude of tilt angle, theta map, horizontal tilt angle, tilt angle of total horizontal gradient, tilt angle of analytic signal, improved theta map, and total horizontal gradient of improved tilt angle. The effectiveness of each method was estimated on synthetic magnetic data and synthetic gravity anomaly data with and without noise. The obtained results show that the tilt angle of gradient amplitude can detect all the edges more clearly and precisely. The applicability of each method is demonstrated on the aeromagnetic anomaly data from the Zhurihe region of Northeast China, and Bouguer gravity anomaly data from a region of North Vietnam. The results computed by the tilt angle of horizontal gradient were also in accord with the geologic structures of the areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of strong-motion data of the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Di Bona ◽  
M. Cocco ◽  
A. Rovelli ◽  
R. Berardi ◽  
E. Boschi
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Stress Drop ◽  
Seismic Moment ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Corner Frequency ◽  
Local Magnitude ◽  
The Moment

The strong motion accelerograms recorded during the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake have been analyzed to investigate source and attenuation parameters. Peak ground motions (peak acceleration, velocity and displacement) overestimate the values predicted by the empirical scaling law proposed for other Italian earthquakes, suggesting that local site response and propagation path effects play an important role in interpreting the observed time histories. The local magnitude, computed from the strong motion accelerograms by synthesizing the Wood-Anderson response, is ML = 5.9, that is sensibly larger than the local magnitude estimated at regional distances from broad-band seismograms (ML = 5.4). The standard omega-square source spectral model seems to be inadequate to describe the observed spectra over the entire frequency band from 0.2 to 20 Hz. The seismic moment estimated from the strong motion accelerogram recorded at the closest rock site (Sortino) is Mo = 0.8 x 1024 dyne.cm, that is roughly 4.5 times lower than the value estimated at regional distances (Mo = 3.7 x 1024 dyne.cm) from broad-band seismograms. The corner frequency estimated from the accelera- tion spectra i.5 J; = 1.3 Hz, that is close to the inverse of the dUl.ation of displacement pulses at the two closest recording sites. This value of corner tì.equency and the two values of seismic moment yield a Brune stress drop larger than 500 bars. However, a corner frequency value off; = 0.6 Hz and the seismic moment resulting from regional data allows the acceleration spectra to be reproduced on the entire available frequency band yielding to a Brune stress drop of 210 bars. The ambiguity on the corner frequency value associated to this earthquake is due to the limited frequency bandwidth available on the strong motion recordil1gs. Assuming the seismic moment estimated at regional distances from broad-band data, the moment magnitude for this earthquake is 5.7. The higher local magnitude (5.9) compared with the moment magnitude (5.7) is due to the weak regional attenuation. Beside this, site amplifications due to surface geology have produced the highest peak ground motions among those observed at the strong motion sites.

scholarly journals SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AS A PLANNING INSTRUMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CHEREMUSHKI DISTRICT OF ODESSA

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
V. P. Urenev ◽  
◽  
Engel Barbara ◽  
O. S. Savytska ◽  
N. O. Dmytrik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City

The article discusses issues related to the monitoring of public opinion in pre-project studies on the further development of the Cheremushki district in the city of Odessa. These studies were carried out as part of the international project “Unloved Heritage of a Socialist City?”, in the period from 2016 to 2019. The project was attended by Germany, Ukraine, Russia. The first and second stages of the project were devoted to the study of the German experience in renovation and a research workshop in the city of Odessa. The third stage is the creation of an office to familiarize residents of Cheremushki with pre-project research and monitoring public opinion. The article describes the results of a survey and two discussion round tables on the development and problems of the area; the authors noted the importance of taking into account the results of a sociological survey when conducting pre-design decisions. As a result of the discussion of the first round table, the participants came to the following conclusions: the residents of the region are indifferent to the adjacent territories, believing that these are housing and communal services tasks; their interests end outside their apartments; it is necessary to find methods to activate local residents and involve them in the management of their local territories; the solution may be to create a model quarter on Cheremushki as an example of successful renovation, thereby attracting residents to self-government and the desire to change something; a sociological survey of residents and their acquaintance with research developments on the topic of the development of Cheremushki will favorably affect not only future design decisions, but also the thoughts of residents themselves about the fate of their habitat. Analysis of the survey, the second round table and monitoring the opinions of residents led to the following conclusions: at the moment, investors are not interested in investing in the development of the Cheremushki region; there is no detailed plan for the development of the district at the official level, the city authorities support point and chaotic development; German experience as tracing paper cannot be transferred to Ukrainian realities; the district is inhabited by people of different social levels who have different levels of understanding in the ongoing processes, but most of them favor the preservation of basic architectural and urban planning decisions and the modernization of houses on Cheremushki; there are activists of the region and specialists interested in developing Cheremushki along the path of modernization and comprehensive renovation, using the experience of architectural and urban planning solutions in other countries, for example, Germany, but legal, economic and state support is needed; in conditions of extensive development of the city, it is advisable to use and develop existing territories.

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