Modeling the Spatiotemporal Seismicity Patterns of the Longmen Shan Fault Zone Based on the Coulomb Rate and State Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-286
Author(s):  
Ke Jia
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Earthquake Forecasting ◽  
State Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Seismicity Patterns ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Longmen Shan Fault ◽  
Source Models

Abstract In the past two decades, three major earthquakes have occurred near the Longmen Shan fault zone, Sichuan, China (the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan, and 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes), in response to the continuous collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, and have produced numerous aftershocks. Recent studies have demonstrated that physics-based aftershock forecasting holds the potential capability to meet the demands of earthquake forecasting. I have successfully modeled the spatiotemporal seismicity of the Longmen Shan fault zone by applying the coulomb rate and state model by including high-quality data products (e.g., source models and receive faults) and optimized rate-and-state parameters in the calculation. I also investigate the roles of secondary triggering of aftershocks and the friction coefficient in seismicity modeling. The findings suggest that the friction coefficient plays an important role in modeling the observed seismicity, and that the secondary triggering of aftershocks in the Longmen Shan fault zone moderately affects the predicted seismicity.

Lessons Learned from Modal Testing of Aerospace Structures

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
David Hunt ◽  
Ralph Brillhart
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Modal Testing ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Modal Data ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Rapid Acquisition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Input

A wide variety of challenges have been encountered during the past 10 years of aerospace modal testing. New excitation methods have evolved, including single and multiple input random. Enhancements to traditional single and multiple input sine methods have been developed. Data analysis techniques that allow more consistent modal models to be extracted in less time than previously required have also been developed. New data acquisition hardware allows more rapid acquisition of modal data. As a result of these new excitation methods, data acquisition hardware and analysis tools, more high-quality data can be collected in considerably less time than was possible in the past. Modal surveys with 200 to 400 channels of response are becoming more commonplace. During the development and implementation of these new capabilities, many lessons have been learned about how to manage the increased amount of data collected and how to ensure that the quality remains high.

scholarly journals Immune Signatures in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris of Blood-Heat Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Qing-qing Xiao ◽  
Fu-lun Li ◽  
Rong Xu ◽  
Bin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Heat Syndrome

Objective. To determine whether immunological serum markers IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, IL-23, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 are elevated or decreased in patients compared with healthy controls.Methods. A complete search of the literature on this topic within the past 30 years was conducted across seven databases. Seventeen studies including 768 individuals were identified. Differences in serum marker levels between subjects and controls were pooled as MDs using the random-effects model.Results. The pooled MDs were higher in patients than in healthy controls for IFN-γ(MD 24.9, 95% CI 12.36–37.43), IL-17 (MD 28.92, 95% CI 17.44–40.40), IL-23 (MD 310.60, 95% CI 4.96–616.24), and TNF-α(MD 19.84, 95% CI 13.80–25.87). Pooled IL-4 (MD −13.5, 95% CI −17.74–−9.26) and IL-10 (MD −10.33, 95% CI −12.03–−8.63) levels were lower in patients.Conclusion. The pooled analyses suggest that levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-αare significantly elevated and that levels of IL-4 and IL-10 are significantly decreased in sera of patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome. Measuring progression of blood-heat syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris will require additional high-quality data, with a low risk of bias and adequate sample sizes, before and after antipsoriatic therapy.

A seminal paper on the epidemiology of cancer pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Farquhar-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pain Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
Interest In Research

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: A systematic review of the past 40 years’, published by van den Beuken et al. in 2007. It is not surprising that this definitive study on cancer pain prevalence is one of the most cited papers in cancer pain. Despite the extent of cancer pain literature, this paper’s 2007 publication is surprisingly recent for the first methodologically sound and major study of cancer pain prevalence. Many previous estimates lacked accuracy, and were prone to bias. What was known was that, despite apparent increasing interest in, research in, and recognition of pain in cancer patients, the prevalence of such pain was still high, even after treatment. This paper attempted to accurately quantify just how high by statistically pooling available high-quality data while avoiding the pitfalls of combining heterogeneous studies, as had plagued previous reports.

scholarly journals Excitation of Polar Motion

2000 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Polar Motion ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Past Century ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
The Continuum

AbstractConceptual models of polar motion have evolved over the past century, as improved data revealed signals over progressively wider frequency bands. In the 1890s, Chandler represented polar motion as a sum of discrete components, 14 month and annual terms, and this component model effectively summarized the observations, but did not provide a physical explanation for them. Over time both the search for a physical understanding of polar motion, and the ability to observe the broad band continuum outside the Chandler and annual bands have led to an understanding of polar motion as a continuum of variations, not adequately described by a few discrete components. The continuum concept is now the working model in most studies of polar motion. The transition from component to continuum conceptual models preceded the arrival of high quality data by several decades, and reflected significant contributions from Harold Jeffreys. With modern space geodetic observations and good global numerical models of the atmosphere, oceans, and other climate processes, it is clear that air and water motion and redistribution are the dominant contributors to the excitation continuum.

scholarly journals Selective Editing: A Quest for Efficiency and Data Quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ton de Waal
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Usual Form ◽  
Data Editing ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Editing Process

Abstract National statistical institutes are responsible for publishing high quality statistical information on many different aspects of society. This task is complicated considerably by the fact that data collected by statistical offices often contain errors. The process of correcting errors is referred to as statistical data editing. For many years this has been a purely manual process, with people checking the collected data record by record and correcting them if necessary. For this reason the data editing process has been both expensive and time-consuming. This article sketches some of the important methodological developments aiming to improve the efficiency of the data editing process that have occurred during the past few decades. The article focuses on selective editing, which is based on an idea rather shocking for people working in the production of high-quality data: that it is not necessary to find and correct all errors. Instead of trying to correct all errors, it generally suffices to correct only those errors where data editing has substantial influence on publication figures. This overview article sketches the background of selective editing, describes the most usual form of selective editing up to now, and discusses the contributions to this special issue of the Journal of Official Statistics on selective editing. The article concludes with describing some possible directions for future research on selective editing and statistical data editing in general.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Natural History, and Clinical Presentation of Large Vessel Ischemic Stroke

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S4-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C Rennert ◽  
Arvin R Wali ◽  
Jeffrey A Steinberg ◽  
David R Santiago-Dieppa ◽  
Scott E Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Endovascular Thrombectomy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

Abstract Large vessel occlusions (LVOs), variably defined as blockages of the proximal intracranial anterior and posterior circulation, account for approximately 24% to 46% of acute ischemic strokes. Commonly refractory to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), LVOs place large cerebral territories at ischemic risk and cause high rates of morbidity and mortality without further treatment. Over the past few years, an abundance of high-quality data has demonstrated the efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy for improving clinical outcomes in patients with LVOs, transforming the treatment algorithm for affected patients. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, natural history, and clinical presentation of LVOs as a framework for understanding the recent clinical strides of the endovascular era.

scholarly journals The state of the art in helioseismic ground-based experiments

1997 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Pere L. Pallé
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Inversion Techniques ◽  
And Inversion

The new results obtained from the observation of solar oscillations over the past decade, have a direct impact on our knowledge of the Sun's interior. As a consequence, a great interest in helioseismology has arisen and is reflected in the development of new observational projects as well as new analyse and inversion techniques. In this review we will describe the present ground-based observational programmes, which, unlike the space ones, are mostly designed to produce high quality data over very long time spans (up to solar cycle time scales). The characteristics of the various observational programmes, single-site and network, will be described together with their performances, the main results obtained up to now, and some other logistical aspects.

scholarly journals Time for Better Access to High-Quality Abortion Data in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (7) ◽  
pp. 640-647
Author(s):  
Katherine A Ahrens ◽  
Jennifer A Hutcheon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Activities

Abstract Despite considerable lay attention on the regulation and legislation of abortion in the United States, important gaps remain in our understanding of its incidence and health and social consequences since its legalization in 1973. Many of these gaps in knowledge can be attributed to a lack of access to high-quality, individual-level abortion data over the past 46 years. Herein, we review the strengths and limitations of different, currently available methods for enumerating abortions in the United States and discuss how lack of access to high-quality data limits our surveillance and research activities of not only abortion but other important reproductive and perinatal health outcomes. We conclude by discussing some potential opportunities for improved access to high-quality abortion data in the United States.

Interpretation of Quasar Colours in the Near IR

1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Hyland ◽  
M. P. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Published Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Introduction ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Infrared Data

Over the past ten years, there has been considerable interest in the infrared continua of quasars, however few published colours exist in the literature. The only major compilation of infrared data out to 2.2 μ is that of Oke et al. (1970). The intrinsic faintness of the sources prevented the acquisition of significant high quality data. This situation is not expected to remain static for very long. The recent introduction of new high sensitivity InSb detectors has made it possible for a large number of sources to be measured, and published data is expected to increase significantly over the next few years.

scholarly journals Temporal variability of extreme temperature indices in Utah during the past few decades

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos ◽  
José Ivaldo Barbosa de Brito ◽  
Elder Guedes dos Santos ◽  
Tantravahi Venkata Ramana Rao ◽  
Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Minimum Air Temperature

The main objective of this study was to analyze the trends in five annual extreme indices of temperature for Utah, USA. The analyses were conducted for 28 meteorological stations, during the period from 1970 to 2006, characterized by high quality data set. The analyses of extreme temperature indices have identified an increase in the maximum and minimum air temperatures in Utah. Predominantly, the minimum air temperature is increasing in the studied region. Most of Utah has shown a decrease in the diurnal temperature range, which indicates that the minimum temperature is increasing faster than the maximum temperature.

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