Attenuation of High-Frequency P and S Waves in the Crust of Southeastern South Korea

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1867-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-W. Chung
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
S Waves

scholarly journals Vaccine-Related Errors in Reconstitution in South Korea: A National Physicians’ and Nurses’ Survey

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Young Hwa Lee ◽  
Rebecca C. Harris ◽  
Hong Won Oh ◽  
Yongho Oh ◽  
Juan C. Vargas-Zambrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preparation

Vaccine-related errors (VREs) result from mistakes in vaccine preparation, handling, storage, or administration. We aimed to assess physicians’ and nurses’ experiences of VREs in South Korea, focusing on reconstitution issues, and to understand the barriers to and facilitators of preventing them. This was a cross-sectional study using an internet-based survey to examine experiences of reconstitution-related errors, and experience or preference with regard to ready-to-use vaccines (RTU) by physicians and nurses. A total of 700 participants, including 250 physicians and 450 nurses, responded to the questionnaire. In total, 76.4% and 41.5% of the physicians and nurses, respectively, reported an error related to reconstituted vaccines. All errors had been reported as experienced by between 4.9% and 52.0% of physicians or nurses. The errors were reported to occur in more than one in 100 vaccinations for inadequate shaking of vaccines by 28.0% of physicians and 6.9% of nurses, incomplete aspiration of reconstitution vials by 28.0% of physicians and 6.4% of nurses, and spillage or leakage during reconstitution by 20.8% of physicians and 6.9% of nurses. A total of 94.8% of physicians had experience with RTU vaccines, and all preferred RTU formulations. In conclusion, this study highlights the high frequency and types of reconstitution-related errors in South Korea. RTU vaccines could help reduce the time needed for preparation and reduce the risk of errors in South Korea.

Attenuation of High Frequency P and S Waves in the Gujarat Region, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumer Chopra ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
B. K. Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
S Waves

Frequency-dependent Attenuation of High-frequency P and S Waves in the Upper Crust in Western Nagano, Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 153 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 489-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yoshimoto ◽  
H. Sato ◽  
Y. Iio ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
T. Ohminato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
S Waves

Spectral Comparison of Vertical and Horizontal Seismic Strong Ground Motions in Alluvial Basins

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouben V. Amirbekian ◽  
Bruce A. Bolt
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Frequency Content ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Anelastic Attenuation ◽  
Similar Distance ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Spectral Comparison ◽  
Wave Conversion ◽  
Strong Ground

We analyze observations from the SMART2 array and the 1994 Northridge, California earthquake of spectral differences between vertical and horizontal strong seismic motions in alluvial basins. Our explanation is that the most energetic of such high-frequency vertical ground accelerations are generated by S-to-P seismic wave conversion within the transition zone between the underlying bedrock and the overlying sedimentary layers. The differences in combined scattering and anelastic attenuation for P and S waves lead to the observed spectral differences of the vertical motions between rock and deep alluvium sites. This model also accounts for the frequency content differences between the vertical and horizontal motions at sites in alluvial basins than at rock sites at similar distance ranges. The high-frequency cutoff of the acceleration power spectrum, fmax, is a useful comparison parameter. The results help in computing matched sets of synthetic ground motions above 2 Hz at alluvial sites.

The Morgan Hill Earthquake of April 24, 1984—The 1.29g Acceleration at Coyote Lake Dam: Due to Directivity, a Double Event, or Both?

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Abrahamson ◽  
Robert B. Darragh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Constructive Interference ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Field Station ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Broadband Seismograms ◽  
Double Event

The 1984 Halls Valley (Morgan Hill, California) earthquake had a complex seismic source. Velocities of the major seismic phases measured from continuous broadband seismograms at Berkeley Seismographic Station (BKS) and Richmond Field Station (RFS) show unambiguously that the earthquake is predominantly a double event with the second source hypocenter located approximately 17 km southeast of the mainshock hypocenter given by Bolt, Uhrhammer and Darragh (1985). The southeasterly fault rupture of the first source and the location of the focus of the second source have critical implications for the observed spatial variation of the recorded accelerograms. Of particular engineering interest, the high frequency 1.29g pulse of horizontal ground acceleration measured at Coyote Lake dam can be explained primarily as due to the second source and constructive interference of the principal S waves from the two sources.

High-frequency spectra observed at Anza, California: Implications for Q structure

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 692-707
Author(s):  
S. E. Hough ◽  
J. G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Intrinsic Attenuation ◽  
Depth Dependence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Distance Dependence ◽  
Attenuation Mechanism ◽  
Inversion Procedure

Abstract Data from the Anza array in southern California have been analyzed to yield a model for the depth dependence of attenuation. The result is obtained from a formal inversion of the distance dependence of the spectral decay parameter, κ, observed from sources at a wide range of distances from single stations. The inversion procedure assumes constant Qi in plane layers and finds models which are as nearly constant with depth as possible. We find that the data cannot be explained by a model in which Qi is constant with depth and that the data generally require three-layer models. The resulting models typically give Qi for P waves between 300 and 1000 in the top 5 km, rising to 1000 to 3000 at greater depths, and decreasing to 700 to 1000 around 12 km depth. Qi for S waves is slightly higher in most cases. Because this depth dependence of Qi is generally correlated with the depths of earthquake epicenters, we suggest that Qi may be due to a pressure and temperature-controlled intrinsic attenuation mechanism.

A High Frequency of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin Resistance Determinants in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated in South Korea

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Bin Kim ◽  
Bobin Lee ◽  
Hee-Chang Jang ◽  
Sung Han Kim ◽  
Cheol In Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
South Korea ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Resistance Determinants
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