scholarly journals Influence of femur condylus dysplasia on development of mediopatellar synovial fold hypertrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Ochkurenko ◽  
Alexander K. Morozov ◽  
Anton P. Kurpyakov ◽  
Alexander V. Gorokhvodatsky ◽  
Konstantin S. Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Arthroscopic Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Group I ◽  
Synovial Fold ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Control Group Group

Among all anatomic folds of the knee joint, mediopatellar synovial fold has the highest rate of pathological changes that also have influence on adjacent anatomical structures. Presence rate of mediopatellar fold is 4650% according to cadaveric data and 1880% according to data acquired in an arthroscopic way. In this work, we studied the possible link between femur condylus dysplasia and forming of the mediopatellar fold. The MRI study was done to 116 patients divided into two equal groups (58 patients in each). The main group (group I) included patients with detected femur condylus dysplasia, the control group (group II) patients without detected femur condylus dysplasia. Our results suggest that in the main group the mediopatellar fold is detected in 53 patients (91,4% of all cases), in the control group in 4 patients (6,9% of all cases). The results support our hypothesis that while performing the arthroscopic treatment of the patologically thickened mediopatellar synovial fold, the dysplasia of femur condylus must be taken into account.

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

The Preventive Effect of Fig Leaves’s (Ficus carica L.) towards Colon Histopathological Feature and IL-6 Serum Level on Ulcerative Colitis Induced Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartini Tiono
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Histopathological Feature ◽  
Group I ◽  
Control Group Group

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affects sigmoid colon and rectum. The inflammation process will activate NF-κB and leads to proinflamatory cytokine release such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Fig leaves contain a high level of flavonoid which can prevent NF-κB activation, and further inhibits IL-6 secretion. This research aims to see the preventive effect of methanolic extract of fig leaves towards colon histopathological feature and IL-6 serum level on ulcerative colitis induced mice. Balb/C male mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n=5). The treatment groups were dextran suphate sodium (DSS) control group (group I), methanolic extract of Fig leaves dose 28 mg/ day control group (group II), and methanolic extract of Fig leaves dose 7 mg/ day (group III), 14 mg/ day (group IV), and 28 mg/ day (group V) for 14 days, which at the 8th till 14th day were given DSS to induce colitis. The results showed that both of colon mucosal damage and IL-6 serum level of group I were significantly different from other groups (p=0,029). In  conclusion, the methanolic extract of Fig leaves can improve colon mucous damage and decrease IL-6 serum level on ulcerative colitis-induced mice. Keywords: ulcerative colitis, fig leaves, colon mucousal damage, interleukin-6

scholarly journals Pharmacological correction of pathological changes in the viable offspring of rats, caused by cytostatic impact at the stage of progenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
T. G. Borovskaya ◽  
M. E. Poluektova ◽  
А. V. Vychuzhanina ◽  
Yu. А. Shchemerovа ◽  
V. E. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytostatic Drug ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Background. The number of reproductive-aged women with cancer, who desire child bearing, has increased with improvements in cancer detection and treatment. Cancer treatments have the potential to cause germline mutations that might increase the risk of cancer in the progeny of cancer patients. the aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of reducing the long-term side effects of Etoposide on the progeny of rats using Glutaxim. material and methods. Forty-five white outbred female Wistar rats, 2.5-month-old, were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 15 intact rats. Group II comprised 15 rats treated with cytostatic drug (the control group). Group III consisted of 15 rats treated with Glutoxim® (Glutayil-Cysteinyl-Glycine, Pharma Vam Ltd., Russia) at a dose of 50 μg/kg 5 days before and 5 days after receiving cytostatic drug. results. An increase in the number of fetuses with external hemorrhages and pathological changes in internal organs was found in the progeny of female rats receiving Etoposide 3 months before mating. The progeny experienced a decrease in the rate of formation of sensory-motor reflexes, ability to learn and adaptive behavior. All studied parameters did not differ from background values in the progeny of female rats treated with combination of Etoposide and Glutoxim. conclusion. Glutaxim is the effective drug for correction of pathological changes in the progeny of female rats receiving cytostatic drugs.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOLOGIK AORTA TIKUS WISTAR DENGAN DIET LEMAK BABI SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friska W. F. Panjaitan ◽  
Marie M. Kaseke ◽  
George N. Tanudjaja
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Lard Diet ◽  
Control Group Group

Abstract: Papaya leaves contain several antioxidants (flavonoid, tanin, and vitamin C) which have antiatherogenic effects that may inhibit the progression of an atherosclerotic lesion. One of the risk factors causing atherosclerosis is the consumption of food containing highly saturated fatty acids e.g. lard. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) accumulate within the intima and then are oxidized (LDL-ox). This LDL-ox is ingested by macrophages, resulting in foam-cell formation (early lesion of atherosclerosis). This study aimed to find out the histological features of the aorta of wistar rats having lard diets without the addition of the papaya leaf extract; having lard diets along with the papaya leaf extract; and having lard diets followed by papaya leaf extract. This was an experimental study on 16 wistar rats divided into 4 groups: group I without treatment (negative control group), group II lard diet for 14 days (positive control group), group III lard diet with papaya leaf extract for 14 days (treatment group I), and group IV lard diet for 14 days, and then followed by papaya leaf extract for 14 days (treatment group II). It was found that the aorta of group I showed adipose cells in the intima and media layers; group II and III showed foam cells in both layers; and group IV showed foam cells in fewer numbers than group II. Conclusion: The aorta histological features of wistar rats given lard diets for 14 days, with or without papaya leaf extract, showed foam cells in the intima and media layers. Papaya leaf extraxt added to lard diets had no effect on decreasing foam cells (no protective effect), meanwhile papaya leaf extract following lard diets showed a reduction of foam cells (therapeutic effect). Keywords: papaya leaf, lard dietary, foam cells, wistar rat.   Abstrak: Daun pepaya mengandung antioksidan (flavonoid, vitamin C) yang berefek anti-aterogenik, sehingga diharapkan dapat menghambat perkembangan lesi aterosklerosis. Salah satu faktor risiko penyebab aterosklerosis yaitu makanan yang berkandungan tinggi asam lemak jenuh, antara lain lemak babi. Konsumsi lemak jenuh berlebihan dapat mengganggu fungsi sel endotel, sehingga lipoprotein berdensitas rendah (LDL) dapat masuk dan menjadi LDL teroksidasi (LDL-oks). Makrofag menangkap LDL-oks dan menjadi sel busa (lesi dini aterosklerosis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histologik aorta tikus wistar dengan diet lemak babi tanpa pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya, diet lemak babi bersamaan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya, dan setelah diet lemak babi dilanjutkan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 16 ekor tikus wistar yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok: kelompok I tanpa perlakuan (kelompok kontrol negatif); kelompok II dengan diet lemak babi selama 14 hari (kelompok kontrol positif); kelompok III dengan diet lemak babi serta pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya selama 14 hari (kelompok perlakuan I); dan kelompok IV dengan diet lemak babi selama 14 hari, dilanjutkan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya selama 14 hari (kelompok perlakuan II). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan gambaran histologi aorta kelompok I tampak perlemakan; pada kelompok II terdapat sel-sel busa; pada kelompok III masih terdapat sel-sel busa; dan pada kelompok IV terdapat sel-sel busa, namun dalam jumlah yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan pada gambaran kelompok II. Simpulan: Tikus wistar dengan diet lemak babi selama 14 hari, baik dengan maupun tanpa ekstrak daun pepaya, memperlihatkan gambaran histologik adanya sel-sel busa pada tunika intima dan tunika media aorta. Pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya bersamaan dengan diet lemak babi tidak berefek menurunkan jumlah sel busa (tidak ada efek protektif) sedangkan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya setelah diet lemak babi berefek mengurangi jumlah sel-sel busa yang terbentuk (efek terapi). Kata kunci: daun pepaya, diet lemak babi, sel-sel busa, tikus wistar.

scholarly journals Anti-allergic Activity of 70% Ethanol Extract of Strawberries in Ovalbumin Induced Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Siska ◽  
Diene Roufiani ◽  
Ema Dewanti
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antiallergic Activity ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group

Anaphylaxis is the most common allergic reaction triggered by allergens such as insect poisons, food, and drugs through skin contact, injection, or inhalation. In vitro previous research showed that strawberries fruit have activity as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-allergic. The research aimed to determine the antianaphylaxis strawberry fruit extract in mice (Balb/C strain) with ovalbumin-induced.  Twenty-four Balb/C strain mice were divided into six groups (n=4). Group I and II as a normal and control group. Group III till VI as a treatment group was given cetirizine dose 0.042 mg/20 g BW and strawberry extract doses 0,68; 1,36; and 2,72 mg/20 g BW, respectively. This research showed that 70 % of ethanol extract of strawberries fruit have antiallergic activity in response to active cutaneous anaphylaxis. 70% ethanol extract of strawberries doses 2.72 mg/20 g BW had similar antiallergic activity compare with cetirizine. The conclusion of this study showed that strawberries fruit extract could be developed as an alternative medicine to anti-anaphylaxis or anti-allergic.

scholarly journals Possible Amelioration of the Severity of Nutritional Steatohepatitis by Guggulsterone in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Sara Ameen Nafeer ◽  
Munaf Zalzala
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Control Group Group

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, which characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The aim of this designed study is to evaluate the ability of guggulsterone to prevent high fat diet induced steatohepatitis in mice. Five groups of male mice were selected and treated as the following: group I, mice had free access to standard commercial diet and considered as control group, group II, mice were fed a specially formulated high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce non-alcoholic liver disease, while groups III, IV and V the mice were administered high fat diet containing guggulsterone at 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm concentration respectively for 12 weeks. Maintaining mice on fat rich diet only resulted in inducing the metabolic and histological NAFLD associated. While the treatment with guggulsterone significantly improves the evaluated markers. These results demonstrate guggulsterone may be useful in preventing the development of steatohepatitis.

Immunization of Guineapigs against Ascaris suum

1960 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 347-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Group I ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Intravenous Inoculation ◽  
Subcutaneous Inoculation ◽  
Control Group Group

It has been shown that guineapigs can be effectively protected against re-infection by the subcutaneous inoculation of embryonated Ascaris eggs (Soulsby, 1957). The purpose of this communication is to report a successful attempt to immunize guineapigs against a lethal oral challenge dose of eggs by the intravenous inoculation of third stage larvae of A. suum.Three groups, each containing nine guineapigs, were infected with Ascaris as follows: Group I was given 10,000 eggs by mouth. Group II Was inoculated intravenously with 2,000 third stage Ascaris larvae which had been obtained from the lungs of other guineapigs on the sixth day of infection. Both groups were challenged at the same time with 250,000 eggs by mouth, along with a control group (Group III) which had no previous infection. The guineapigs in Group I were re-infected after 18 days and those in Group II after 12 days.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the New Ganghwaljetongyeum on Adjuvant-Induced Inflammatory Arthritis in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangin Kim ◽  
Sangbin Park ◽  
Chanhun Choi ◽  
Youg Ran Kim ◽  
Inkyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Arthritis Induction ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ganghwaljetongyeum (GHJTY) has been used as a standard treatment for arthritis for approximately 15 years at the Korean Medicine Hospital of Dongshin University. GHJTY is composed of 18 medicinal herbs, of which five primary herbs were selected and named new Ganghwaljetongyeum (N-GHJTY). The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of N-GHJTY on arthritis and to determine its mechanism of action. After confirming arthritis induction using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in rats, N-GHJTY (62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg/day) was administered once a day for 10 days. In order to determine pathological changes, edema of the paws and weight were measured before and for 10 days after N-GHJTY administration. Cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels and histopathological lesions in the knee joint were also examined. Edema in the paw and knee joint of N-GHJTY-treated rats was significantly decreased at 6, 8, and 10 days after administration, compared to that in the CFA-control group, while weight consistently increased. Rats in N-GHJTY-treated groups also recovered from the CFA-induced pathological changes and showed a significant decline in cytokine levels. Taken together, our results showed that N-GHJTY administration was effective in inhibiting CFA-induced arthritis via anti-inflammatory effects while promoting cartilage recovery by controlling cytokine levels.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY OF NEWBORNS WITH INTRAUTERINE MIXED INFECTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
M.A. YUSUPOVA ◽  
◽  
K.I. ISMOILOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity

Objective: To study the features of clinical manifestations, cellular and humoral immunity of newborns with intrauterine mixed infections (IUMI). Methods: A comprehensive survey of 45 infants with IUMI was carried out. Depending on the classification of IUMI they were divided into 3 main groups: group I – 24 patients (53%) with the viral-bacterial association, group II – 12 patients (27%) with the viral-viral association, and group III – 9 patients (20%) with the viral-parasitic association. The control group consisted of 10 newborns born from uninfected, somatically healthy mothers. Diagnosis of IUMI was based on the detection of specific antibodies of the IgA, IgG and IgM classes, as well as phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of leukocytes. In addition, general clinical, biochemical, bacteriological and instrumental research methods have been conducted. Results: The blood serum IgA and IgM indices in patients of the main group were significantly higher, and the mean IgG values were lower compared to the control group. Analysis of cellular immunity parameters in the main group showed a decrease in the number of mature T-lymphocytes (CD3), B-lymphocytes (CD20), the number of T-helpers and cells that produce IL-2 in the peripheral blood, compared with the control group. In the main group, there was also an increase in the number of apoptosis cells (CD95), cells with high cytotoxic activity (CD25, CD71) and the percentage of natural killer cells (CD16). A decrease in the phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of neutrophils was recorded, which indicates the insufficiency of the nonspecific component of immunity. Conclusions: In newborns, various changes were found both on the part of specific and nonspecific components of immunity. This indicates the development of secondary immunodeficiency in this category of patients and makes it necessary to add to the main treatment of immune corrective therapy. Keywords: Congenital infections, mixed intrauterine infections, TORCH syndrome, opportunistic infections, secondary immunodeficiency.

scholarly journals Neurotoxicity of Subarachnoid Preservative-Free S (+)-Ketamine in Dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 1;14 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
João Batista Santos Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Preservative Free ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Conventional Light Microscopy

Background: Subarachnoid S(+)-ketamine is a matter of much debate as the results regarding its toxicity are contradictory. Objectives: Our objective was to investigate possible histopathological alterations after subarachnoid administration of different doses of preservative-free S(+)-ketamine to dogs. Study design: A randomized, blind, prospective experimental study. Setting: Center for Research on Pain at the Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil. Methods: Sixteen adult mongrel dogs of both sexes, each weighing 11 to 20 kg were divided into 3 groups: Group I (n=6), 0.7 mg/kg-1 S(+)-ketamine; Group II (n=6), 0.5 mg/ kg-1 S(+)-ketamine, and a control group, Group III, (n=4), 0.9% NaCl. All substances were administered in one mL volume doses. The animals were kept in captivity for 2 weeks; after this period, they were put down and lumbar and sacral portions of the spinal cords were removed for histological examination using conventional light microscopy. Results: There were histological alterations in the spinal cords of the test subjects in the control group. Comparison showed significant histological abnormalities in Groups I and II when compared to the control group, including gliosis, axonal edema, central chromatolysis, lymphocyte infiltration and fibrous thickening of the dura mater. Limitations: Test subjects received only a single dose each. The observation period was not very long, less than a month. Conclusions: Subarachnoid administration of S(+)-ketamine without preservative caused histological lesions on the spinal cord and meninges in the dogs studied. S(+)-ketamine should not be given to clinical patients in this way until further evaluation of the significance of this toxicity has been conducted. Key words: S(+)-ketamine. subarachnoid, neurotoxicity, dog, histopathology

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